INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO. College Of Engineering Attingal

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1 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO

2 The word Arduino can mean 3 things A physical piece of hardware A programming environment A community & philosophy ie Forums & examples

3 What is Arduino? Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform. based on a simple i/o board and a development environment that implements the Processing / Wiring language. Arduino can be used to develop stand-alone interactive objects or can be connected to software on your computer. (

4 Arduino Hardware

5 HARDWARE Arduino board consists of an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller. Arduinos use the megaavr series of chips(atmega8,atmega168,atmega328, and ATmega1280) 5 volt linear regulator 16 MHz crystal oscillator. Serial Arduinos are programmed over an RS-232 serial connection. USB Arduinos include an inverter circuit (FTDI FT232) to convert between RS-232-level and TTL-level signals and viceversa.

6 DIFFERENT FLAVOURS There are many versions of Arduino board. versions differ by size, Microcontroller, etc Arduino Duemilanove, which is the simplest one to use and the best one for learning on. Arduino Processor Flash KiB EEPROM KiB SRAM KiB Digital I/O pins...with PWM Analog input pins USB Interface type Dimension s inches Dimension s mm Diecimila Duemilano ve ATmega16 8 ATmega16 8/328P FTDI 2.7" x 2.1" 68.6mm x 53.3mm 16/32 0.5/1 1/ FTDI 2.7" x 2.1" 68.6mm x 53.3mm Uno ATmega32 8P ATmega8U 2 2.7" x 2.1" 68.6mm x 53.3mm Mega ATmega FTDI 4" x 2.1" 101.6mm x 53.3mm Mega2560 ATmega ATmega8U 2 4" x 2.1" 101.6mm x 53.3mm Fio Nano LilyPad ATmega32 8P ATmega16 8 or ATmega32 8 ATmega16 8V or ATmega32 8V None 1.6" x 1.1" 40.6mm x 27.9mm 16/32 0.5/1 1/ FTDI 1.70" x 0.73" 43mm x 18mm None 2" ø 50mm ø

7 MEGA LILYPAD MINI NANO 43mm x 18mm

8 Arduino footprint-compatible boards Boards are fully or almost fully compatible with both the Arduino hardware and software, including being able to accept "shields". But differ on features and HW Few examples The 'TwentyTen' is an Arduino-compatible microcontroller board, based on the Duemilanove, with some improvements, including a prototyping area, rearranged LEDs, mini-usb connector, and altered pin 13 circuitry The 'Illuminato Genesis', a board that uses an ATmega644 instead of an ATmega168. This provides 64 kb of flash, 4 kb of RAM and 42 general I/O pins

9 Shields Printed circuit boards that sit atop an Arduino. Plug into the normally supplied pin-headers of Arduino. These are expansions to the base Arduino. For example: Arduino Ethernet Shield,XBee Shield,TouchShield etc

10 Software Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for programming. (Is a special program running on your computer that allows you to write sketches(programs) for the Arduino board in a simple language ) The Arduino IDE is a crossplatform application The language itself is based in C Like a text editor code editor with features such as syntax highlighting, brace matching View/write/edit sketches Verify the program by compiling Then upload/burn program into Arduino board. IDE Details coming soon in next classes

11 Arduino Philosophy & Community Open Source Physical Computing Platform open source hardware open source: free to inspect & modify physical computing. err, what? ubiquitous computing, smart objects... Community-built Examples wiki (the playground ) editable by anyone Forums with lots of helpful people

12 Why Arduino? It is Open Source, both in terms of Hardware and Software. It is cheap, the hardware can be built from components or a prefab board can be purchased for approx 1000 rs It can communicate with a computer via serial connection over USB /Bluetooth. It can be powered from USB or standalone DC power.

13 Why Arduino? It can run standalone from a computer (chip is programmable) and it has memory (a small amount). It can work with both Digital and Analogue electronic signals. Sensors and Actuators. You can make cool stuff! Some people are even making simple robots, and we all know robots are just cool.