Potential for Technology Transfer in Hungary

Transcription

1 Potential for Technology Transfer in Hungary Miklós Székely Renewable energy and climate policy expert 11 October 2016

2 Basic Facts about Hungary Population inhabitants CO 2 emissions per unit of GDP (2011) 0.2 kg CO 2 per USD GDP (2015, PPP) $258.4 billion Main tendency in CO 2 emissions per capita GDP per capita (2015, PPP) $ Exports to Japan (USD, 2015) GDP growth + 2.9% in 2015 Imports from Japan (USD, 2015) Declining $1.29 billion $1.05 billion GHG emissions (excluding LULUCF, 2014) 57.2 Gt- CO2 eq Business Risks 42 nd out of 189 countries CO 2 emissions per capita (excluding LULUCF, 2014) 5.8 t-co2 eq Corruption index 51 on a 100 scale

3 1.1 TT Potential in the Energy Conversion Sector Emissions from the sector: 13.7 Mt CO 2 (23% of total) Regulated by EU-ETS Emissions to be covered with EUAs (power plants using fossil feedstock) Renewable energy target to gross final consumption: 14.65% by 2020 (~10% in 2016) 3.5% combustion of firewood

4 1.2 TT Potential in the Energy Conversion Sector Irinyi plan (industry development); R+D+I: Energy storage capacities for REs (mainly solar) Smart grids Smart public lighting Smart metering Biomass biogas plants (central heating & E) Objective: Increasing the sector s technology readiness level (TRL) for TT CON: Wind farms have been banned!

5 2.1 TT Potential in the Household Sector Emissions from the sector: 6.5 Mt CO 2 (10-12% of total) Energy consumption of buildings: 40% of total E consumption (inefficeincy!) Regulated by EU ESD (non EU-ETS): 10% increase of emissions by 2020 compared to 2005 Existing targets: 49 PJ/year energy savings for 2020 (111 PJ/year for 2030) 1.5% energy savings annually by distributors or retail co. by 2020 (50 PJ/year savings potential for 2020)

6 2.2 TT Potential in the Household Sector Family Homemaking Support Scheme (FHSS): Boosting new housing construction by 35-40% New buildings (7/2006 decree, 2010/31/EU): doors, walls and ceilings have to save 40% more energy than current appliances by 2020 nearzero energy efficiency public and private buildings partly achieved by using RE TT potential in energy efficient housing appliances Weak implementation of the 1.5% annual energy savings rule

7 3.1 TT Potential in the Waste-to-Energy Conversion (WtEC) Sector Emissions from Waste sector: 4.2 Mt CO 2 (7.5% of total) Incineration and open burning: 0.2 Mt CO 2 (0.3% of total) Regulated by EU ESD (non EU-ETS): 10% Only 1 WtEC installation: Municipal Waste Recovery Plant of Budapest Recovers 0.7 Mt of MSW annually Hungary in 2011 recovered only 4.4% of its total MSW for energy

8 3.2 TT Potential in the Waste-to-Energy Conversion (WtEC) Sector The National Waste Management Public Service Action Plan: To reduce waste disposal from the current 50% 10% by 2030 increase WtEC rate Irinyi Plan (R+D+I; TT potential): Pyrolysis for the recovery of food and livestock waste Gasification of solid wastes for energy A second WtEC to be built with a 0.25 Mt/year of MSW recovery capacity with an additional tons/year sewage sludge combustion potential

9 4.1 TT Potential at Municipality Level Emissions of municipalities: Collapse of heavy industry in 90s & heating modernization emission reduction Transport is the largest polluter: 27% increase by 2014 to 1990 s levels (3% higher than EU ave.) Housing sector is also a noticable emitter Each Hungarian municipality has to develop its environmental program; tasks and regulations on: air pollution abatement energy management waste and wastewater treatment public transportation and traffic

10 4.2 TT Potential at Municipality Level European Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy (CMCE): 31 Hungarian member municipalities with 20% to 30% GHG reduction targets by 2020 Elaboration of Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP), now called Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) helping to penetrate low carbon technologies Association of Climate Friendly Municipalities: 33 member municipalities Focusing on the need for horizontal climate adaptation actions

11 4.3 TT Potential at Municipality Level Existing EU funds for low carbon development; thematic Operational Programs: Regional and Urban Development Operational Program (TOP) approx. $0.7 billion: green city development, municipal environmental infrastructure development, sustainable urban transport development, energy modernization of municipal buildings Economic Development and Innovation Operational Program (GINOP) approx. $0.75 billion: Energy efficiency projects for SMEs and residents Environmental and Energy Efficiency Operational Program (KEHOP) approx. $0.67 billion Photovoltaic systems for central government agencies, building energetics development of churches, develop near zero-energy house pilots, building energetics development of public buildings

12 4.4 TT Potential at Municipality Level Greatest Reduction and TT potential locally: Transport e.g. local public transportation medical institutes educational institutes municipal waste collection Jedlik Ányos electromobility strategy: new EV charging stations new environmentally friendly cars by 2020 Government support: 21% (max. $5 500) of any new E-car s purchase price

13 5.1 Other Relevant Information Strong governmental support for nuclear energy capacity development: Paks2, second nuclear power plant (2 400 MW) National Energy Strategy (NES): Nuclear-Coal-Green scenario until 2050 : maintaining the level of coal-based power generation (CCS and clean coal) Punishing weather dependent renewable energy: Impossible to comply with new wind energy regulations (no new wind turbine since 2011)

14 5.2 Other Relevant Information Green Economy Financing System (cca. $18.5 M) and Economy Greening System (cca. $20 M) funds are also available for residents and investors to carry out energy efficiency projects: Backed by revenues from selling EUAs Hungarian Investment Promotion Agency (HIPA) Business incubation for projects of foreign investors National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFI): Managing R+D+I & International Technology Transfer

15 Thank you for your kind attention!