Fountas-Pinnell Level T Narrative Nonfiction

Transcription

1 LESSON 12 TEACHER S GUIDE A Song Heard Round the World by Mary Kincaid Fountas-Pinnell Level T Narrative Nonfiction Selection Summary The song Yankee Doodle began as a nursery rhyme in England. Eventually, new lyrics were written to insult an unpopular British leader. Then British soldiers used the song to insult American soldiers. But the tune ends on a triumphant note when it becomes a song of American pride. Number of Words: 1,333 Characteristics of the Text Genre Narrative nonfi ction Text Structure Third-person narrative, told in chronological order Clear presentation that includes both fact and opinion Content History of the song Yankee Doodle Information on the French and Indian War and the American Revolution Themes and Ideas Marching songs lift the spirit and make the soldier s work easier. Insults have no effect on the strong and confi dent. An insult loses its power if it is ignored or laughed at. Language and Informal language appropriate to the reader Literary Features Historical facts presented in a narrative framework Engaging questions Sentence Complexity Many short declarative sentences and questions Use of colon, dash, and quotation marks Vocabulary Historical names and terms: Oliver Cromwell, allies, French and Indian War, colonists, Revolutionary War, Parliament, Lexington, Concord, John Hancock, Samuel Adams, redcoats Words Colloquialisms: catchy, quirky, dandies, snappy-looking, scruffy Illustrations Color illustrations, historic paintings with captions Book and Print Features Twelve pages of text, all with illustrations Section headings, captions, chart, timeline chart, insets with song lyrics Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida Printed in the U.S.A If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

2 A Song Heard Round the World by Mary Kincaid Build Background Help students use their knowledge of the American Revolution to visualize the selection. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Do you know the words to Yankee Doodle? During the American Revolution, British soldiers sang Yankee Doodle as an insult to Americans. What do you think the famous words mean? If possible, have the class sing the first verse and chorus of the song. Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Explain that this book is narrative nonfiction. The people in the book were real and the events really happened. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Have students read the headings and opening paragraph of the book. Suggested language: What do you expect to learn as you read this book? What does the author mean by saying that the tune of Yankee Doodle is catchy? What do you think she means by quirky words? Page 4: Have students look at the illustration and read the caption. What differences do you notice in how the two soldiers are dressed? What details of the British soldier s uniform make him look more professional? Pages 8 9: Have students locate the highlighted words objected and repeal. The American colonists objected to new laws imposed by the British. Why do you think they objected to British laws? Do you think the colonists would have fought if the British had agreed to cancel or repeal the unpopular laws? Now turn back to the beginning and read to fi nd out how Yankee Doodle became a proud marching song. Target Vocabulary advantages skills or situations in one s favor, p. 11 benefit something helpful and useful contrary stubborn and prone to disagreeing with others midst in the middle of, p.5 objected expressed an opinion against, p. 8 previously prior to prohibit ban or forbid rebellious acting against authority, p. 12 repeal cancel a law, p. 8 temporary meant to serve for a short time 2 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

3 Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Question Strategy questions before, during, and after they read the narrative. by asking themselves Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the selection. Suggested language: How would you handle an insult? Would you ignore it or laugh at it? How do you think the British felt when instead of being offended by it the colonists used Yankee Doodle as a proud marching song? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text British soldiers looked down on the scruffy-looking Colonial army. The catchy tune of Yankee Doodle was used for a variety of lyrics, some of them insulting. Rather than reacting to the song as an insult, the colonists showed strength and confidence by proudly marching to Yankee Doodle. Familiar songs and words sometimes have interesting histories that help us to understand them. Laughing at an insult can take away the power of the insult to hurt or embarrass the people to whom it is directed Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The headings and dates help the reader understand the sequence of events and their relation to each other. Historic illustrations and a timeline aid visualization and comprehension. A line-by-line analysis helps the reader understand the lyrics of Yankee Doodle. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to read aloud. Ask them to read with expression and pause or stop in places indicated by punctuation. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Remind students that the prefi xes dis- and un- are added to base words and root words to mean not or the opposite of. Ask students to give the meanings of these words from the text: disagree (p. 2), unpopular (p. 3), independence (p. 8), and disrespect (p. 10). 3 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

4 Writing about Reading Have students complete the questions on BLM Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension Skill Fact and Opinion Explain that narrative nonfiction gives facts about real people and events but also includes the author s opinions about the subject. A fact can be proven to be true. An opinion is what someone thinks or believes to be true, but it cannot be proven. Someone can disagree with an opinion. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a Think Aloud like the one below. Think Aloud The statement listed under Opinion is what the author believes. It cannot be proven, and people may disagree with it. What is a fact about Yankee Doodle? Page 2 says that Yankee Doodle is well known in the United States. That statement could be checked by surveying people in the United States. List that detail under Fact in the Graphic Organizer. Practice the Skill Have students share another example of a narrative nonfiction book that gives both fact and opinion about something from long ago. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts How does the author organize the information about Yankee Doodle in this book? Which sentences on page 11 tell how colonists defeated the redcoats? Why did the colonists change the name of the song from Yankee Doodle to The Lexington March? 4 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

5 English Language Development Reading Support Check regularly on students oral reading to determine accuracy, fluency, and comprehension. Vocabulary Tell students that some words may have more than one meaning. Readers may need to use the context or nearby words to figure out which meaning works in the sentence. Have students determine the meanings of the following words as they are used in the text: beat (p.2), rough (p. 4), class (p.6), and rule (p. 8). Oral Language Development Check student comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches your students English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the student. Beginning/Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: What kind of person was a doodle? Speaker 2: stupid or foolish Speaker 1: What new laws made the colonists angry? Speaker 2: tax laws Speaker 1: What became the proud marching song of the colonists? Speaker 2: Yankee Doodle Speaker 1: Why did British soldiers sing Yankee Doodle as they marched in battle? Speaker 2: The song s lyrics were meant as an insult to the colonists. Speaker 1: Why did the colonists adopt the insulting Yankee Doodle as their symbol? Speaker 2: They liked the song, and they wanted to show that the insult did not have the power to bother them. Speaker 1: How was Yankee Doodle used by each side in the Revolutionary War by the British and by the colonists? Speaker 2: The British used the song to insult colonists and changed the verses to create new insults, whereas the colonists used it as a proud marching song and symbol of their fight for freedom. Name Date Lesson 12 BLACKLINE MASTER 12.7 Read and answer the questions. Possible responses shown. A Song Heard Round the World 1. Think within the text List one fact and one opinion from the book. Fact: On April 18, 1775, the British marched out of Boston. Opinion: The tune is catchy and the beat is lively. 2. Think within the text Why was the Revolutionary War fought? The colonists wanted to rule their own country. 3. Think beyond the text Describe some ways in which the United States would be different if no one had rebelled against the British laws. We might still pay taxes to England and follow England s laws. We might not have a president. 4. Think about the text How does the author use the song Yankee Doodle to tell about the Revolutionary War? The British used the song as a way to make fun of the colonists, but the colonists liked the song and sang it proudly as one of their own. They also surprised the British by winning the war. The changes in how the song was used show how the colonists overcame what was expected of them. Making Connections According to the author, songs helped the soldiers keep up their spirits and express their feelings. Which songs are important to you? Why are they important? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook.. All rights reserved. 9, Unit 3: Revolution! 5 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

6 Name Date A Song Heard Round the World Thinking Beyond the Text Think about the question below. Then write your answer in one or two paragraphs. Remember that when you think beyond the text, you use your personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Describe one or more ways that you have reacted when someone has insulted or made fun of you. Describe what the American troops did when the British insulted them by singing Yankee Doodle. What did the Americans reaction show about their attitude and confidence? 6 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

7 Name Date Lesson 12 BLACKLINE MASTER 12.7 Read and answer the questions. A Song Heard Round the World 1. Think within the text List one fact and one opinion from the book. 2. Think within the text Why was the Revolutionary War fought? 3. Think beyond the text Describe some ways in which the United States would be different if no one had rebelled against the British laws. 4. Think about the text How does the author use the song Yankee Doodle to tell about the Revolutionary War? Making Connections According to the author, songs helped the soldiers keep up their spirits and express their feelings. Which songs are important to you? Why are they important? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook. 7 Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World

8 Student Date A Song Heard Round the World LEVEL T Lesson 12 BLACKLINE MASTER A Song Heard, Round the World Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 10 Yankee Doodle first rode into battle in the Revolutionary War with the redcoats. The tune kept time with the measured steps of marching soldiers. British troops sang verse after verse of Yankee Doodle on their 20-mile trek from Boston to Concord. They were showing disrespect for the scruffy Americans. The British added some new verses. The ones below poked fun at two colonial leaders. One was John Hancock. The other was Samuel Adams. 11 The redcoats singing had an unexpected effect on the colonists. Instead of becoming angry, the Americans liked the tune! More than that, the colonists decided to make the song their own. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/ ) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly cat 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase Omission cat 0 cat 1 Behavior Code Error Substitution cut cat 1 Self-corrects cut sc cat 0 Insertion the 1 Word told T 1 cat Lesson 12: A Song Heard Round the World