Representation as Responsiveness

Transcription

1 University Press Scholarship Online You are looking at 1-10 of 40 items for: keywords : the public Representation as Responsiveness Andrew Kuper in Democracy Beyond Borders: Justice and Representation in Global Institutions Published in print: 2004 Published Online: November 2004 ISBN: eisbn: Develops a theory of representation that can guide the democratization of societies of great and even global scope. Kuper elucidates the institutional conditions necessary for (1) good judgements about interests to be made, (2) by adequately informed and capable agents, (3) who are empowered and constrained to act on such judgements responsibly. He argues that elections, competitive party politics, the classical tripartite separation of powers, media, and civil society are insufficient mechanisms for securing such substantive representation. He proposes an alternative institutional configuration, a new plurality of powers that supplements and transforms these mechanisms. Among Kuper s proposals for new institutions are: advocacy and accountability agencies that will reduce power imbalances; a global Charter of Obligations that will reduce bureaucracy; and a vision of responsive global citizenship that will reduce citizen passivity. These innovations will enable citizens to exercise greater control, and enable representatives to act more effectively, than under a system of states. Tolerant Secularism and the Critique of Republican Neutrality Cécile Laborde in Critical Republicanism: The Hijab Controversy and Political Philosophy Published in print: 2008 Published Online: ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ Chapter 3 presents two versions of the critique of the secular argument for the ban on hijab in schools. The first challenges the official republican interpretation of laïcité as a doctrine of conscience: it endorses the broad Page 1 of 6

2 aims of laïcité but argues that they are compatible with the wearing of religious signs by pupils. The second is sceptical of laïcité as a separation doctrine. It notes that, in practice, the French public sphere falls short of the secular ideal of separation. From this fact of non-neutrality of the public sphere, it deduces a norm of even-handed recognition of all religious groups including Muslims by the state. Tolerant republicans or laïcité ouverte advocates seek to extend historically granted privileges to more recently established minorities, in the name of fairness. Introduction Mette Elise Jolly in The European Union and the People Published in print: 2007 Published Online: September 2007 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ The introductory chapter discusses the asymmetry between elite and popular views about supranational government, in general, and European integration, in particular. It introduces the fundamental questions raised in the book, i.e., what the lack of a European demos means for the future institutional structure of the union. In the final part of the chapter, the particular problems facing the EU are linked to a wider international issue, namely the problems that arise when attempts are made to take democracy beyond the nation-state. Educating Leaders and Citizens Douglas A Hicks in With God on All Sides: Leadership in a Devout and Diverse America Published in print: 2009 Published Online: ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ Attaining an inclusive public space requires citizens as well as leaders to be religiously literate. Citizens and leaders do not need to become scholars of religion, but they need to understand the basics of religious identities. This chapter asserts that citizens must learn to listen to one another s stories, to share their own, and to find areas of both agreement and disagreement. Religious literacy can happen through formal civic education, which can be part of teaching about religion in public schools, private schools, and higher education. As a comparison to the U.S., Page 2 of 6

3 the chapter analyzes how religion is taught in public schools in Spain. The chapter also considers religion and the media, and asserts that journalists can play a role in promoting public understanding of religion in its diverse forms. Media and Opinion Formation: Toward a New Theory of Deliberative Politics Ronald N. Jacobs in The Space of Opinion: Media Intellectuals and the Public Sphere Published in print: 2011 Published Online: May 2012 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ Chapter 3 develops a cultural sociological model of the space of opinion and its role in democratic deliberation. It analyzes three waves of media theory which have shaped thinking about news and opinion. The first wave of media theory emphasized the importance of objective news and a neutral media for rational information-processing citizens. It defined much of the media scholarship produced prior to the 1960s, and it continues to resonate with broad publics because of its elective affinities with the professional project of objective journalism. The second wave of media theory had its roots at the University of Chicago in the 1920s. It offered a sociological analysis which recognized that small groups and social networks intervene between media and citizens to shape the nature of deliberation. The third wave of media theory builds on the second wave to emphasize that a wide variety of aesthetic and performative structures help citizens identify with media intellectuals, which leads to increased levels of public involvement in the political public sphere. This cultural model of media and deliberation points to the importance of a variety of communicative formats for journalism, including the innovative formats of the space of opinion. The Public Offering of Securities Concept in the New Prospectus Directive Alain Pietrancosta in Investor Protection in Europe: Corporate Law Making, The MiFID and Beyond Published in print: 2006 Published Online: ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ Page 3 of 6

4 An important method of financing corporations the public offering of securities has for some time also been a key concept in capital markets law. However, the European capital markets regulation did not dignify the concept with a substantive definition. The gap has been closed by Prospectus Directive 2003/71/EC of 4 November 2003, with important practical and theoretical implications in terms of financial markets harmonization, investors' protection and corporate law. Unfortunately, a number of questions remain with respect to the precise contours of the definition of public offering of securities. Human Rights: Have the Public Benefited?: Thank-Offering to Britain Lecture Lord Woolf in Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 121, 2002 Lectures Published in print: 2003 Published Online: January 2012 ISBN: eisbn: Publisher: British Academy DOI: /bacad/ This lecture discusses the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR), which was established due to the atrocities committed by the Nazis during the Second World War. It looks at the scale of the changes that occurred in constitutional arrangements, and considers the fact that these changes have been achieved without damaging the underlying constitutional arrangements and traditions of the United Kingdom. The lecture also considers whether these changes would benefit the public, and studies some of the arguments that are both in favour of and against the ECHR in becoming a part of the country's law. Intellectual Property and Development as Freedom Madhavi Sunder in The Development Agenda: Global Intellectual Property and Developing Countries Published in print: 2008 Published Online: ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ Since 1990, the United Nations has understood development in the broad terms of expanding human capabilities, thanks in part to Amartya Sen. Sen's vision of development as freedom is pluralist, measuring development on the capacity for many freedoms. These freedoms range from basic needs, such as the right to life and health, to more Page 4 of 6

5 expansive freedoms of movement, creative work, and participation in social, economic, and cultural institutions. Intellectual property (IP) law is essential to all of these freedoms and regulates our capacity to participate in cultural and scientific creation. A broader understanding of IP and development as freedom recognizes the importance of participating in the process of knowledge creation. The poor must be recognized as both receivers and producers of knowledge. In the Knowledge Age, wealth lies not simply in access to other people's knowledge, but also in the ability to produce new knowledge and to benefit from this creation, culturally and economically. Religion, Culture, and Society Sylvia Walsh in Kierkegaard: Thinking Christianly in an Existential Mode Published in print: 2008 Published Online: October 2011 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ This chapter discusses the relation of religion, culture, and society in Kierkegaard's writings. It discusses the phenomenon of leveling in the present age, the phantom of the public, the principle of association, unum noris omnes, the European crisis of 1848, martyrs and pastors as reformers of the crowd, the relation of religion and politics, the Church militant and the Church triumphant, and the function and authority of the institutional church. It examines Kierkegaard's final open attack against the state church. The attack came from two stages, first from a series of articles in a political newspaper, Fædrelandet, followed by a series of self-published pamphlets called The Moment. The final section investigates the reception of his writings and contributions to Christian thought. Policing and Punishing After the War Clive Emsley in Crime, Police, and Penal Policy: European Experiences Published in print: 2007 Published Online: September 2007 ISBN: eisbn: acprof:oso/ This chapter begins with an overview of the impact of the First World War on police institutions across Europe, noting how their numbers were depleted by the military demands of the conflict, and how their Page 5 of 6

6 tasks increased often with a detrimental effect on their relations with the public. The developments in policing and punishment after the war are then contrasted. The contrasts and similarities in these areas between liberal democratic and authoritarian or totalitarian societies are highlighted, and so too are the continuing links of criminal justice practitioners and policy makers, particularly through international conferences. Page 6 of 6