E-ferry : Prototype and full-scale demonstration of next generation 100% electrically powered ferry for passengers and vehicles

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1 1. What is the E-ferry? How is it designed and build? E-ferry (Prototype and full-scale demonstration of next generation 100% electrically ) is an EU funded project that aims at supporting and promoting energy efficient, zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and air pollution free waterborne transportation for island communities, coastal zones and inland waterways in Europe and beyond. The overall objective of E-ferry is to apply an extremely energy efficient design concept and demonstrate a 100% electric, emission free, medium sized ferry for passengers and cars, trucks and cargo1 in full-scale operation on longer distances than previously seen (> 5 nautical miles (Nm)) for electric drive train ferries, i.e. the medium range connections Soeby-Fynshav (10.7 Nm) and Soeby-Faaborg (9.6 Nm) in the Danish part of the Baltic Sea connecting the island of Aeroe (Ærø) to the mainland The project is supported by the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Innitiative (MG , Towards the energy efficient and emission free vessel). Its official start date was in June 1, 2015 and its duration is 48 months. The total cost of the project is 21,3 M with a total EU funding around 16 M. The project is coordinated by Aeroe Kommune and supported by a 9 partners consortium (Hellenic Institute of Transport, Tuco marine, Soby Shipyards, Danish Maritime Authority, DBI, VISEDO, JENS KRISTENSEN APS, LECLANCHÉ) Vessel characteristics: The speed of the E-ferry will be up to 14.5 knots It is planned to charge only at one end of the route The typical sailing range between needed charging periods of the E-ferry will be around 2x13 NM The battery capacity of the E-ferry is planned to be the largest known for maritime use, MWh. The peak charging power of the E-ferry battery pack and its shore charging connection will be up to 4 MW. This will make the above mentioned performances possible but also put stress to the infrastructure of charging at berth under all weather conditions. The E-ferry s ambition is to implement new lightweight materials being different kinds of carbon composites in addition to the more traditional aluminum light weight solutions for superstructure. The E-ferry will be able to operate in ice conditions up to cm.

2 2. What is the main aim of E-ferry project? The aim of E-ferry is to promote energy efficient, zero GHG emission and air pollution free waterborne transportation for island communities, coastal zones and inland waterways in Europe and beyond. the specific objectives of E-ferry are to: Build an innovative vessel combining energy efficient design, lightweight equipment, materials, and state-of-the-art electric only systems with automated high power charging system as a cost efficient alternative to fossil-fuelled ferries. Validate and prove the feasibility and cost effectiveness of the concept to the industry and ferry operators by demonstrating an energy efficient and emission free ferry for passengers and vehicles in an operational viable setup on the Soeby- Fynshav and Soeby-Faaborg connections in the Danish part of the Baltic Sea. Obtain correct life cycle assessments taking this innovative concept into consideration to ensure that the right design choices are made for ferries lasting 30 years into the future. Life cycle assessments also will take into account the CO2, NOx and SO2 emissions and energy consumption involved in manufacturing and transporting the parts for manufacturing the E-ferry. Obtain approval of the use of carbon fibre reinforced (CFR) composite modules in the E-ferry s superstructure according to SOLAS Chapter II-2 (Part F) regulation 17 and EU Directive 2002/25/EC through material and fire testing using guidelines from the KOMPAS-project (see later). All findings from the approval process of CFR composite modules for the E-ferry design will be made available for the European maritime industry through the project s dissemination and exploitation activities. Reduce CO2 emissions by approx. 2,000 tonnes, NOx by 41,500 kg, SO2 by 1,350 kg and particulates by 2,500 kg per year from 2017 when the demonstration ferry is put into operation (if the Municipality of Aeroe decides to replace all of the existing ferries serving the island of Aeroe and convert fully to electric ferries, the savings would be approx. 10,000 tonnes CO2 annually5). Quantify the potential market up-take and CO2-reductions on European scale and qualify the potential application of the concept on a larger scale among relevant industry and ferry operators. Develop a business case/model and prepare the concept for market uptake starting soon after the end of the demonstration E-ferry project (i.e. 2018/2019).

3 3. How is e-ferry innovative? The innovative character of the E-ferry is summarised below: New ferry solution. Energy efficient, CFD optimized design 100% electric ferry (no hybrid solutions) powered by electricity from wind power or other RES (the green electricity market). Reduction of the weight of the ship by using a lightweight approach to all materials, machinery and equipment including CFR composites in part of the superstructure. This is needed to compensate for the weight of the batteries. While the hull will be built in steel, most machinery, hydraulics and all fuel tanks etc. can be avoided. Also the construction of car deck, ramps and bow visor has been optimised to meet the standards of a two compartment ferry and the highest safety requirements. introduction of modern and higher safety standards in the design criteria and because crew competences like having an engineer on-board is no longer needed due to the relatively simple layout of the drive train. simple drive train design also indicates that maintenance and repair cost will be lower. Innovative charging system including fully automated shore connection. 4. What is this project s influence on environment? The project has a clear green character since it relies on clean energy. Based on an initial feasibility study several environmental benefits are expected from E-ferry operation. Specifically: CO2 emissions reduction by approx. 2,000 tonnes NOx reduction by 41,500 kg SO2 reduction by 1,350 kg particulates reduction by 2,500 kg per year from 2017 when the demonstration ferry is put into operation (if the Municipality of Aeroe decides to replace all of the existing ferries serving the island of Aeroe and convert fully to electric ferries, the savings would be approx. 10,000 tonnes CO2 annually5). the concept will allow for considerable noise and wave reductions benefitting the communities currently affected by the noise and waves of conventional car ferries. The feasibility study shows a reduction of the wake field wave just behind the ferry of around centimetres at full speed at infinite water depth compared to the two

4 largest existing ferries on Aeroe M/F Marstal and M/F Ærøskøbing. Lower wake and wave generation and lower noise emission will improve environmental impact of ferry service for wildlife and people along routes. 5. How this venture change ferry industry? The introduction of alternative fuel solutions is already a fact in the ferry industry. Over the past years, shipowners are looking for solutions to reduce the environmental footprint of their vessels and also to cope with the increased oil prices. At the moment three main solutions have entered the market namely: the installations of scrubbers, the use of LNG and electrification. E ferry is a game changing approach to medium range ferry connections that goes beyond current limitation of existing electric ferry market related to the vessel s speed, autonomy and coverage (range). The increased battery capacity (charging only at one end of the route), lightweight material, improved operational characteristics (speed, largest sailing range, operation on ice conditions) and off course its green profile are the main reasons for E-ferry market penetration. The main benefits of E-ferry introduction to the shipping industry are: they do not have to pay for CO2 quotas to compensate for future legislation ship emissions. Coming updates of the EU Energy Directive might, if proposals come through, favor climate friendly energy sources instead of fossil fuels. changes due to lower manning requirements and less manning costs. savings from reduced use of oil The application of the E-ferry concept is expected to generate jobs within the European clean tech and maritime sector, thus allowing Europe to develop its strong position in both the maritime industry and green energy. It has been estimated that if production is optimised and orders are sufficient for a continuing production series working at more ferries at several stages at the same time the total workforce will be +60 jobs per ferry per year. If the paradigm change to electrical ferry operation and its potential number of new buildings is considered, this will have a huge impact on job generation in the European maritime new building industry. In addition, spin-offs to the clean tech and maritime supporting industry could be expected. If the E-ferry can be produced within the EU this would affect positively the competitive advantage of regional shipbuilding industry towards the though completion coming from East Asia. At the same time the transition to electrical ferries could impact the social balances in

5 EU regions where production jobs are scarce and disappearing. Further to the above, the introduction of the innovative full electric ferry solution is expected to have effects to European tourism and green energy profile. Hopefully the E-ferry concept could become a similar success building up a new and growing niche industry within the European maritime sector