GRID MODERNIZATION: Institutional Support

Transcription

1 1 GRID MODERNIZATION: Institutional Support Charles Goldman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory September 2016 Institutional Support Multi year Program Plan for Institutional Support focus area has four main activities. Provide Technical Assistance to States and Tribal Governments Support Regional Planning and Reliability Organizations Develop Methods and Resources for Assessing Grid Modernization: Emerging Technologies, Valuation, and Markets Conduct Research on Future Electric Utility Regulations Each activity has specific goals and target achievements to be completed by

2 Activity 1: Provide Technical Assistance to States and Tribal Governments Institutional Support Target achievements: Provide technical assistance to all states and tribes to inform their decision making for electricity policy, accelerating policy innovation in at least seven states. Provide technical analyses to at least 10 states including guidance on how to consider new technologies such as distributed energy resources allowing them to establish formal processes to review utility distribution system plans. Assist at least 10 other states in developing comprehensive energy system plans. Topic Area Cross cutting Issues Technical Assistance to States: Topic Area and Issues Issues Resource valuation and cost/benefit analysis Market designs and rules that enable development and appropriate valuation of clean energy resources Future electric utility regulation (see technical area 4) Early stage planning for electrification of transportation Energy Efficiency EE Policy frameworks (e.g., EERS, requirements to acquire all cost effective efficiency, IRP) DSM planning processes and administration options for: program design, cost effectiveness screening, potential studies, EM&V, strategies for financing EE State administered programs: Energy saving performance contracting, building codes, benchmarking and disclosure Demand Response Demand Response programs and resources in a post FERC Order 745 world Policy and market barriers to DR providing ancillary services; DR as enabler for higher levels of variable generation Design and evaluation of time varying pricing and DR programs with customer enabling technologies Distributed Generation and Micro grids Policies such as net metering, feed in tariffs, bi directional tariffs, CHP solicitations, RPS carve outs, state tax credits, rebates, utility ownership or leasing, and multi party micro grids Treatment in IRP, distribution and transmission system planning Valuation, including locational and time based benefits and costs Interconnection standards/procedures and standby rates Interactions and coordination with utility distribution systems under normal and emergency operating conditions 2

3 table continued Topic Area Issues Energy Storage Policies, regulations, and market designs that support energy storage; treatment in utility resource and T&D planning Valuation and compensation strategies, including providing ancillary services, and increased flexibility Role in supporting critical service providers (e.g., hospitals and fire stations) and as enabling technology for higher levels of renewable resources Role of demonstration projects and incentive programs Utility Scale State policies (e.g., RPS and renewable energy credits) Renewable Resources Treatment of utility scale renewable resources in resource planning and procurement Flexibility metrics for resource planning and acquisition Fossil Fuel and Role of natural gas, including as a flexibility resource Nuclear Resources Role of nuclear power, including as a clean energy resource Role of coal, including carbon capture and sequestration Impacts of potential environmental regulations on system reliability and fuel diversity Treatment of potential future environmental regulations in planning and acquisition of generation resources and analysis of potential power plant upgrades Distribution System Planning and Planning to enable two way flows of energy and information, including integration of advanced monitoring, controls, volt/var optimization, IT management, and communications systems Operation Optimizing voltage and reactive power on distribution systems Integration of non wires solutions, including geo targeting Adapting state utility regulations to changes in distribution system operations Avoiding adverse effects of distribution level technologies on the transmission system Transmission System Treatment of transmission in utility integrated resource planning Planning and Integration of utility resource planning and sub regional/regional transmission planning Operation Integration of energy efficiency, DR, DG, variable generation, and energy storage in utility transmission planning Reliability, security, and resiliency Institutional Support Activity 2: Support Regional Planning and Reliability Organizations Target achievements: Support regional planning and reliability organizations in developing institutional frameworks, standards, and protocols for integrating new grid related technologies. Coordinate a regional long term planning process that uses standardized planning assumptions and publicly available databases of transmission topology and regional resource data. Facilitate long term regional planning in each U.S. interconnection. 3

4 Institutional Support Activity 3: Develop Methods and Resources for Assessing Grid Modernization: Emerging Technologies, Valuation, and Markets Target achievements: Develop new methods for valuing distributed energy resources and services. Develop analysis tools and methods that facilitate states' and tribes' integration of emerging grid technologies into their decision making, planning, and technology deployment. Track grid modernization progress in states and tribes through standardized data collection methods and performance and impact metrics. Activity 4: Conduct Research on Future Electric Utility Regulations Institutional Support Target achievements: Provide technical assistance to at least eight state PUCs and utilities on ratemaking alternatives using DOE supported financial analysis tools, other analytic resources, or stakeholder convened discussions. Provide technical assistance to at least five states and utilities that are considering fundamental changes to the existing regulatory model. Provide technical assistance to at least five states that are considering allowing thirdparty access to customer hourly interval load data and pricing of value added services, which could spur new energy services markets. 4

5 GMLC: Institutional Support Projects Foundational Analysis: Metrics Grid Services & Technologies Valuation Framework Distribution System Planning: Decision Support Tools Future Electric Utility Regulation Regional Projects New York: Technical Support to the Reforming Energy Vision (REV) Initiative California: DER Siting and Optimization Tool to enable large scale deployment of DER Tell us what you think: Is the plan on target? What challenges are important that we may have missed? Is the 2020 timeframe ambitious enough? Will the target achievements be useful to you? Does this research complement other industry research? 5

6 BACKGROUND SLIDES DER in Regional Electric System Planning Ongoing TA to WECC/WGA; modeling of energy efficiency, demand response, and distributed generation Analyzed (and adjusted) balancing authority load forecasts to ensure that WECC reference case accounts for current state DER policies Developed high EE load forecasts based on EE potential studies Updated DR potential estimates and developed DR dispatch algorithms for WECC production cost models Supported development of DG PV scenario tool for WECC transmission planning Percentage Energy Savings Relative Reference Case 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% High DSM Scenario Energy Efficiency Savings AB AZ BC CA CO ID MT MX NV NM OR UT WA WY WECC Updated DR Potential (Percent of Peak Demand) 6

7 Future Electric Utility Regulation UTILITY BUSINESS MODELS & REGULATION Developed FINDER model to quantify and assess financial implications of EE, DR, and DER on utility shareholders and ratepayers TA assistance to state PUCs and utilities (e.g., AZ, KS, MA, IL, and NV, two regional workshops) Case studies: Financial impacts of net metered PV on prototypical investor owned utility in southwest and northeast DISCO Results: impacts could be mitigated through various ratemaking and policy approaches Southwest Utility Customer Demand Met With PV by % 2.5% 5% 7.5% 10% 0% 1% 2% 3% 7.0% 7.5% 8.0% 8.5% 9.0% Achieved After Tax ROE (Avg.; 10 yr) Future Electric Utility Regulation: Work Products 1. Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), Industry Structure and Regulatory Responses. Steve Corneli & Steve Kihm 2. Distribution Systems in a High DER Future: Planning, Market Design, Operation and Oversight. Paul De Martini & Lorenzo Kristov (CAISO) 3. Performance Based Regulation in a High DER Future. Tim Woolf & Mark Lowry 4. Distribution System Pricing for DERs. Ryan Hledik & Jim Lazar (RAP) 5. Future of Resource Planning. E3 and LBNL 6. Recovery of Utility Fixed Costs: Utility, Consumer, Environmental and Economist Perspectives. LBNL, Lisa Wood, John Howat (NCLC), Ralph Cavanagh, Severin Borenstein (UC) 7

8 California: DER Siting and Optimization Tool to enable large scale deployment of DER Goal: Deliver an online open-access integrated distributed resource planning and optimization platform, able to: Identify DER penetration patterns based on optimized investment assessments of behind-the-meter DER Consider optimal DER operational strategies in the process of identifying penetration patterns (e.g. PV, solar thermal, batteries, chp) Identify sites with high economic potential for microgrid and DER deployment Consider potential policy incentives and the value of DER as grid assets (e.g. ancillary services) Consider network constraints in the DER location problem Evaluate impacts of DER penetration on the bulk electric grid system and mitigate them Major breakthrough: Tool that offers T&D co-simulation with behind-the-meter DER optimization Direct support to CPUC to complement Distribution Resources Plans (DRP) and support the Integration of Demand-Side Resources (IDSR) Direct support to NY REV in collaboration with NYSERDA 8

9 1 DOE Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium: System Operations, Power Flow and Control Jeff Dagle, PE Pacific Northwest National Laboratory IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT) Minneapolis, MN September 9, Outline Introduce the System Operations, Power Flow, and Control technical area for the U.S. DOE Grid Modernization Initiative Summarize key activates included in the Multi Year Program Plan (MYPP) Discuss three Foundational projects associated with this technical area 1

10 System Operations and Control Advanced control technologies to enhance reliability and resilience, increase asset utilization, and enable greater flexibility of transmission and distribution systems Expected Outcomes By 2020 deliver an architecture, framework, and algorithms for controlling a clean, resilient and secure power grid leveraging advanced concepts, high performance computing, and more real-time data than existing control paradigms Involving distributed energy resources as additional control elements Develop software platforms for decision support, predictive operations & real-time adaptive control Deploy through demonstration projects new classes of power flow control device hardware and concepts Advance fundamental knowledge for new control paradigms (e.g., robustness uncompromised by uncertainty) Federal Role Convening authority to shape vision of advanced grid architecture, including new control paradigms for emerging grid to support industry transformation Deliver system engineering and other supporting capabilities from the National Laboratory System to research & develop integrated faster-than-real-time software platforms and power electronics controls Conventional controls Distributed controls 3 October 12, 2016 Multi-Year Program Plan (MYPP) Activities Activity Technical Achievements by Develop Architecture and Control Theory Comprehensive architectural model, associated control theory, and control algorithms to support a variety of applications to improve grid flexibility, future adaptability, and resilience while not compromising operational reliability or security. Wide area control strategies to improve reliability, resilience, and asset utilization. 2. Develop Coordinated System Controls 3. Improve Analytics and Computation for Grid Operations and Control 4. Develop Enhanced Power Flow Control Device Hardware New control grid operating system designs reflecting emerging system control methodologies. Framework(s) for integrating the next generation energy management system (EMS), distribution management system (DMS), and building management system (BMS) platforms. Future and real time operating conditions with short decision time frames and a high degree of uncertainty in system inputs can be evaluated. Automation with predictive capabilities, advanced computational solvers, and parallel computing. This includes non linear optimization of highly stochastic processes. Decision support to operators in control rooms through pinpoint visualization and cognitive technologies. Low cost, efficient and reliable power flow control devices that enable improved controllability and flexibility of the grid. 4 2

11 1.2.1: Grid Architecture 5 Core Principles Theory Bases Components Properties Structures Build a new stakeholder driven architecture for grid modernization, provide it to the industry along with the tools they need to adapt it to their needs, and use it to inform the playbook for the GMLC program managers. The result will be superior stakeholder decision making about grid modernization activities of all kinds. PoP: FY16/17/18 Budget: $3M Labs: PNNL, ANL, NREL, ORNL, LANL,LBNL,LLNL,SNL, Partners: GE-Alstom, EPRI, GWU, UTC, SGIP, Omnetric Group, CA ISO Control Theory Develop new control solutions including topologies, algorithms and deployment strategies for transitioning the power grid to a state where a huge number of distributed energy resources are participating in grid control to enable the grid to operate with lean reserve margins. The theory effort will recognize the need to engage legacy control concepts and systems as we transition to more distributed control. 6 Figure 1: Candidate hierarchical distributed control architecture based on future distribution reliability coordinator model PoP: FY16/17/18 Budget: $6.5M Labs: LANL, PNNL, ANL, INL, NREL, SNL, LLNL Partners: Oncor Electric Delivery, PJM Interconnection LLC, United Technologies Research Center 3

12 Control Integration Create an integrated grid management framework for the end-to-end power delivery system from central and distributed energy resources at bulk power systems and distribution systems, to local control systems for energy networks, including building management systems. PoP: FY16/17/18 Budget: $3.5M Labs: ANL, BNL, LANL, LLNL, NREL, PNNL, SNL Partners: Alstom Grid, Duke Energy, PJM Interconnection LLC 8 Summary System Operations, Power Flow, and Control technical area overview Elements of the Multi Year Program Plan Foundational Projects Architecture Theory Integration 4