Cyber Physical Systems in Aerospace Challenges and Opportunities

Transcription

1 Cyber Physical Systems in Aerospace Challenges and Opportunities Don Winter Vice President Flight and Systems Technology June 16, 2011 BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. This document does not contain technical data as defined in the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (22 CFR ) or the Export Arms Regulations (15 CFR 779.1). EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 1/6/2009 1

2 Boeing is a Key CPS Stakeholder Figure 1 The Boeing Company is working a rich set of application areas that are benefiting from CPS research Air (military and commercial) Space (high-reliability applications) Land (networking land elements) Applications involve multiple, networked CPS systems Safety-critical aspects Security Need for predictability in face of dynamic environments Aircraft platforms Commercial Stringent certification and V&V processes and standards Military Piloted and autonomous vehicles Support all services Unmanned vehicles in NAS Varying levels of V&V requirements EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 2

3 Aerospace Systems are Increasingly CPS-Intensive Figure 2 Aerospace systems for today and beyond New capabilities Agile behavior in highly dynamic operating environments Operation in a SoS Network Multiple Safety Criticalities Information Security Many Computers Multiple Buses Nav Sensors Weapon Management Periodic & Aperiodic Vehicle Mgmt Weapons Hard & Soft Real-Time Mission Computer Data Links Constrained Tactical Links Radar COTS O(10 6 ) Lines of Code Software Size 1980 avionics 2005 Avionics 2000 Avionics 1990 avionics Avionics S/W challenges 100M >1B * SLOC Software Intensive Systems Multiple levels of criticality Networked SoS Architecture for Army Source: IBM Global Innovation Outlook EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 3

4 Importance of CPS Software to Aerospace Systems Figure 3 Aerospace systems cost trend is shifting away from traditional structures, aero and propulsion to software and systems. Trend will accelerate after 787 (1 st largely composite airplane) Propulsion Miscellaneous Payloads Systems Aerodynamics Structures Software verification is becoming one of the leading components of system cost supporting FAA flight certification Verification will become even larger challenge as systems become more highly integrated Typical Recent Commercial Aircraft Cost Distribution Software Verification 50% non-software 30% Software Development 20% EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 4

5 Commercial Aerospace Environment of Tomorrow Figure 4 Worldwide commercial aircraft environment A complex network of systems, processes, & people Evolved independently over decades This industry is now undergoing a major paradigm shift Explosion of Information Technology (IT) Increasing costs and passenger demands Evolving toward a Network Enabled Environment To improve efficiency & reduce cost Still in its infancy for Commercial airplanes CUSTOMER CUSTOMER Customer Customer Business Business System System Airport Industry Suppliers Partners Customer Customer Business Business System System e-enabled Environment e-e e-enabled Environment e-e CUSTOMER Broadband Air Customer Customer Business Business System System e-enabled Environment e-e CUSTOMER Terminal Wireless Airplane Customer Customer Business Business System System e-enabled Environment ACARS Private and Public Networks (Global Internet) e-e CUSTOMER Customer Customer Business Business System System Airline e-enabled Environment e-e Boeing e-enabled Environment e-e EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 5

6 Commercial Aviation Challenges and Opportunities Figure 5 Integrated Network infrastructure can be divided into 5 groups: 1. Onboard Connectivity 2. Offboard Connectivity 3. Network Interoperability Technologies 4. Information Architecture 5. Information Management (Post processing) Airline Management A/C Systems Passengers Crew Global Communications Non-Critical Ground Station Ground Network Infrastructure Airport Airline Operations Consumers Mechanics Airport Services EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 6

7 CPS Needs in Wireless Sensor Technologies Figure 6 Passenger Cabin & Airline Maintenance Open Networking Avionics Data Flight Deck Services Cell Phones In Flight Entertainment FOQA Data Flight Attendant Terminals Software Loading Maintenance Access Network Appliances Terminal Wireless Network Core Sat Comm Avionics Printer EFB Passenger Wireless Crew Wireless Printer Avionics Interfaces ACARS Servers Current sensors impose extensive wiring and power requirements that limit their use Breakthrough technologies in wireless sensing and actuation required Extremely low energy or energy harvesting sensors Highly efficient sensor communication Highly reliable and secure Spectrum compliant, globally EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 7

8 Multi-Disciplined CPS Research Agenda is Required Figure 7 Advances in technologies such as model-based development tools, methods, and validation environments to build systems rapidly and affordably Product focused technologies including software reuse, architectures, real-time theory, languages, and product line architectures to achieve system affordability by recouping investment across multiple system developments. EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 8

9 Product Line Architectures are Part of the Solution Figure 8 Network Management Sys Mgmt- Multi-Ship Ops Battle Management Resource & Sensor Mgmt Contingency Management Human System Interface APPLICATIONS MIDDLEWARE COS Services API Planning SOSCOE Architecture Information Critical GIG Data Stores System Information Mgmt Interfaces Services Services Assurance MIDDLEWARE SERVICES J-UCAS Common Operating System HUD MPCD Stations Infrastructure Services Operating System JDAM Airframe Radar Tgts FLIR Weapons Board Support Package MK82 Hardware (CPU, Memory, I/O) Station AIM120 Fly-out Model AIM9L Bold Stroke Product Line Architecture (F/A-18, F-15, T-45) TAO RT-OS POSIX BSP PC, PowerPC Online Model Controller Controls API OCP Extensions to TAO RT CORBA (TAO) Operating System & Board Support Package Hardware (CPU, Memory, IO) Gnd Station Open Control Platform for Autonomous Systems EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 9

10 V&V Challenges for Autonomous C2 Figure 9 Battle Mgmt and C2 Top Lowest Level Hierarchical, distributed, optimal control of manned, semi-autonomous, and autonomous systems over wireless networks in adversarial environments Integrated Control of Distributed Assets Dynamic Resource Allocation Task Assignment, Scheduling, Route Planning Mission Execution and Monitoring Vehicle and Sensor Management (Outer Loop, Inner Loop) Subsystem Management Situational Awareness Info Mgmt BMC2 Comm Mgmt Adaptive Networks Multiship Collaboration Challenges SW Hierarchy, Complexity Dynamic Environment, Not Predictable Curse of Dimensionality Appropriate Models and Simulations Non-unique Behaviors

11 System Architecture Challenges Figure 10 Mix of Centralized vs Distributed Processing Influenced by: Communication Bandwidth / Quality of Service Requirements Link Vulnerabilities MLS Requirements Equipment Capabilities (Legacy vs Advanced) Architecture / Algorithm Goals: Service Oriented Architecture Support Legacy & Advanced Platforms Robust to Platforms Entering / Leaving Team Adaptable to Communication Quality of Service / Degraded Comm Vision: Processing architecture adapts to mission and environment

12 CPS Industrial Executive Board Figure 11 Identify and formulate CPS scientific challenges across disciplines that have relevance to industry, Evaluate progress and impact in the scientific foundations, intellectual directions and societal impact Promote awareness of CPS within relevant government agencies, professional societies, and industrial partners. Evaluate progress in the CPS-VO operation, including infrastructure, collaborations, and education. Facilitate the awareness of the CPS community of industrial challenges cutting across multiple disciplines and foster coordination, cooperation, and transition of CPS technologies. EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 12

13 Summary Emerging cyber-physical systems will be highly complex, networked, highly reliable and secure. CPS investments cross multiple technology domains/industries and require national-level critical mass to achieve required performance and affordability, thus protecting national competitiveness Corporate R&D dollars for CPS aren t enough A national research strategy in which long-term CPS technology needs are achieved by combined Government and Corporate investment is required Vibrant industrial, academic, and Government collaboration is critical EOT_RT_Sub_Template.ppt 13

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