Interactive Workshop

Transcription

1 Interactive Workshop 1

2 Introduction The objective of this workshop is to introduce the concept of working with a Building Object Model and Digital Design Data through the use of an Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design tool in the area of architectural design and documentation. Participants will be guided through different stages of the design process, from design development through to production of documentation drawings, ready for plotting. A number of Internet features for the design environment will be taught during the workshop to give participants an idea of how design and documentation can leverage the power of Internet to make them more productive and competitive. Concept of Building Model Design The concept of designing a Building Object Model revolves round the creation of the 3D computer building model with which the maximum amount of related information can be represented as close as possible to the real building that is to be built. Such a concept requires the use of various technologies to capture the relevant information of a building as close to real life as possible, and thus the creation of the Digital Building Model by means of the Model-Based CAD tool is achieved. Every building element is represented digitally in the building model as close as possible to what would be used in a real building created with the information. For example, Walls, Doors and Windows are real objects, which carry essential details like wall height, width, material for wall, door height, width, fire rating, manufacturer, model for doors and windows. Once the initial digital Building Model is captured in the Building Object Model, the information will evolve as the project progresses. This information can be brought forward to different stages of the building life cycle until the building end-of-life (i.e. demolition). Such information is critical and useful in the various activities undertaken during the building life cycle, which can utilise the information effectively without undue repetition and data re-entry. This concept enables building information to be created and maintained in an efficient manner, cutting down unnecessary activities and increasing design and service productivity and accuracy. Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 The use of an Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design tool requires a slight shift in paradigm compared with the traditional design and draughting process. However, Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 simplifies this task, because the AutoCAD design concept lies at the core. Having some AutoCAD skills prior to first using Autodesk Architectural Desktop will be a distinct advantage as many AutoCAD-style functions are still relevant and applicable to the treatment of Autodesk Architectural Desktop Building Objects. For example: The AutoCAD ARRAY function can also be used on Walls and Doors, and behaves in the same way as it does when used with Lines, Arcs and Circles inside native AutoCAD. 2

3 Design Philosophy in Autodesk Architectural Desktop The design philosophy behind Autodesk Architectural Desktop is to provide an easy to use, effective and functionality rich Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design tool without compromising the inherent advantages of AutoCAD. The Autodesk Architectural Desktop User Interface is divided into four main areas. Conceptual Design a set of design functions for Architects and Designers, which permit them to create the initial building masses using simple 3D shapes and Boolean Expressions. (A Boolean Expression is a software method of combining, subtracting or merging two or more 3D primitive masses such as a cylinder placed at the centre of a cube to create an entirely new 3D shape a cube with a cylindrical hole at the centre.) Conceptual design tools enable the creation of architectural mass models for accurate 3D designs, improved planning, and unrivaled flexibility in creating building models. Space plans are also derived from the massing model, and can be used for building management and layout design. Figure 1: Example of Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 Conceptual Design tools and massing objects on screen. 3

4 Design Development features are both flexible and easy to use. The highly productive architectural design features of Autodesk Architectural Desktop include Walls, Doors, and Windows that provide a new level of 2D draughting combined with 3D modelling, for greater productivity in both design and working drawings. Figure 2: Example of Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 Design Development tools and Building Objects, such as Walls, Doors and Windows on screen. 4

5 Construction Documentation features help you more quickly complete the design process. Typically, Scheduling, Annotation, and Dimensioning add time to the normal design process. But with the dynamic, easy-to use functionality provided in Autodesk Architectural Desktop, these usually laborious steps become faster and more accurate. Building projects are finished in less time and at less cost. Figure 3: Example of Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 Construction Documentation tools and drawing on screen. 5

6 Desktop enable the user to setup Autodesk Architectural Desktop with respect to the working environment. The setting of Layer Key Styles, Units, Fonts and definitions for various attributes, styles for the building objects. This menu also enables users to set the Display System for different viewing and display needs. The Desktop menu is design with the CAD Manager or supervisor in mind as these settings or standards are set only once and thereafter minimum changes are needed. Figure 4: Example of Autodesk Architectural Desktop 3.3 Desktop menu tools. 6

7 This project is a fictional building design project for the purpose of demonstrating the concept of Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design tool and its benefits. Any similarity to any real project is therefore coincidental. Layer Standards Layer remains as an important part of the design and production of drawings. In a true Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design, layers are no longer an essential part, as each Building Object can be identify and selected via a specific search. However, due to legacy CAD data and methods, layers remain an important method for integration of other non-autodesk Architectural Desktop work. In Autodesk Architectural Desktop, every building created will be put into pre-define layer sets by users. The function is called Layer Key Styles and it enables user definition of layering standards and the assignment of object types to layers. Autodesk Architectural Desktop goes a step further by enabling the Building Object components such as Doors, Door Frames, Door Jams, and Door Swing, to be separately placed onto different layers defined by the user. Start a new drawing using the Template: BAUCON WORKSHOP.dwt A Layer Standard based on the (Singapore) SS CP-83 is created for the purpose of the workshop. Go to Style Manager, select Layer Key Styles, select Layer Standard Name: SS CP-83 A Layer Standard is a naming convention that contains predefined layer names and a set of rules that is used to name new layers you create. A layer name uses fields in a particular order or format that is determined by the rules of the layer standard. For example, Autodesk Architectural Desktop provides several industry-standard layering conventions. In the BS1192 AUG Version 2 standard, there are eight fields that form each layer name. You can use the standard as a tool for sorting and manually creating new layers in a drawing. 7

8 Layer Key Styles A Layer Key Style is a set of values used by Autodesk Architectural Desktop to generate and control the layers to which AEC objects are assigned. For example, a wall will always be placed on the layer that the wall key points to. In BS1192 AUG, the default wall layer is A210G7, the default color is 50, and the default linetype is continuous. Layer Key Overrides You can specify a Layer Key Override to any layer keys within a layer key style that is based on a layer standard. When a layer key override is active, the override is applied each time the key is used. 8

9 Structural Members (Columns, Beams, Braces) Structural Members are columns, beams, and braces defined from a 2D shape that is extruded along a path. To create a structural member, you create a style for each shape that you want to use. You select the appropriate style when you add columns, beams, or braces to a drawing, and a structural member of the specified shape and material is created in the drawing. For example, you create a style for each diameter of circular concrete columns. When you add a column, you select the style for the diameter you need, and specify the length of the column. Structural Member Catalogue The is an XML source file that contains a library of industry-standard shapes from which you create styles for columns, beams, and braces. In the left panel of the Structural Member Catalog, shapes are listed by unit, material, and shape. When you select a shape type, such as universal steel beam, in the left panel, the right panel shows the following information: A preview image 9

10 A list of all sizes of that shape and the specifications for each size You select shapes from the Structural Member Catalog as the basis for the styles you create for columns, beams, and braces. You can also create a custom shape from a Polyline and then define a style that is based on the custom shape. When you create a structural member based on the style, the object is extruded from the shape along a path. In Style Manager, all the column, beam, and brace styles that you create are listed under Structural Member Styles. If you create styles that you intend to use for specific structural members, assign style names that identify the structural member created from the style. For example, Beam - Concrete FL1 might identify a style for a concrete beam used in a building's first floor. 10

11 When you add a structural member to a drawing, all structural member styles are available in the Styles list. You can apply any structural member style to any structural member. It is the command used to create the structural member that determines its orientation. For example, you can create a column, a beam, and a brace from the Standard structural member style. When you select a shape type, such as universal steel beam, in the left panel, the right panel shows the following information: Go to Design >> Structural Members >> Structural Member Catalog Select Metric, Concrete, Pre-cast, Rectangle Columns, 400mmx400mm Double click on the selection, a Dialog Box will appear, Key in a Structural Member Style Name: 400x400RC. In this way, a Structural Member Style is created based on the catalog. Repeat the steps and create 300x400RC and 500x500RC. 11

12 Setting up Grid Grid is an essential part of any design, it set the boundaries and provide control and reference points over the position and location of the building objects with respect to the building model. Traditional grid in 2D CAD is an array of lines in both X and Y axis. In Autodesk Architectural Desktop, a grid object contains information needed to more efficiently manage building objects that are anchored to it. Open drawing DWG-16 Grid & Label.DWG Go to Design >> Grids >> Add Column Grid Enter dimension of grid: 12000mm x 20000mm Pick position, use co-ordinates (0,0,0) Grid Label Select Grid, Right Click on Mouse Select Label, Enter the Label as Shown 12

13 Placing of External Wall Whereas in traditional AutoCAD and similar products, linework is drawn, in Autodesk Architectural Desktop building objects are Added and placed. For instance, the definition of a Wall is already defined within Autodesk Architectural Desktop. It closely resembles a real world Wall in most respects. Thus in Autodesk Architectural Desktop most of the Wall information such as Width, Height, etc. is all that a user need define to place a wall. The actual drawing of the wall object on the screen is automatically undertaken by Autodesk Architectural Desktop. Therefore, a user need only design the parameters of the wall and leave the physical draughting to Autodesk Architectural Desktop. Open drawing DWG-18 Wall (Ext).DWG Go to Design >> Wall >> Add Wall Select the Wall Style: Brick 200 (Baucon), Height: 4000 mm, Justify: Center: Offset: 0 13

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15 Placing of Internal Wall The process of placing internal walls is the same as for external, only the Wall Style (or Type) is different. Users can create almost any type of walls from a single wall to multicomponent walls. Open drawing DWG-20 Wall (Int).DWG Go to Design >> Wall >> Add Wall Select the Wall Style: Brick 100 (Baucon), Height: 4000 mm, Justify: Center: Offset: 0 15

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17 Placing of Door and Window Placement of doors and windows has never easier. Simply select the wall you wish to attach the door or window, right click and insert. It is also possible to place a freestanding door or window without actually inserting into a wall. Placing of Front Door Open drawing DWG-22 Door-Window.DWG Go to Design >> Door >> Add Door Select the Door Style: Hinged-Double-6 Panel, Width: 1500mm, Height: 2300mm, Automatic Offset/Center: 125mm, Opening Percentage: 50, Vertical Alignment: 0mm Placing of Bedroom Door Select the Door Style: Hinged-Double-6 Panel, Width: 1050mm, Height: 2300mm, Automatic Offset/Center: 125mm, Opening Percentage: 50, Vertical Alignment: 0mm Select the Door Style: Hinged Single, Width: 1050mm, Height: 2300mm, Automatic Offset/Center: 125mm, Opening Percentage: 50, Vertical Alignment: 0mm Placing of Front Gate Go to Design >> Door >> Add Door Select the Door Style: Pocket - Single, Width: 4000mm, Height: 1550mm, Automatic Offset/Center: 125mm, Opening Percentage: 0, Vertical Alignment: -50mm 17

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20 Placing of Staircase and Railings Traditionally, design and draughting of staircases is one of the most time consuming tasks, usually requiring substantial effort. Changes to the design often result in expensive and lengthy re-draws. In Autodesk Architectural Desktop, a staircase is a single parametric object with attributes and design rules. Designer can efficiently design and edit a staircase as and when needed, with the draughting undertaken by the software. For example: It takes only a few seconds to place a full 3D staircase with default settings. The Autodesk Architectural Desktop staircase can be customised into any shape required by the project design. The railing for a staircase is handled as a separate object inside Autodesk Architectural Desktop, and thus it is can be used apart from the staircase or attached as required. The design philosophy behind this is that Railing object can also be attached to other building objects such as a Wall, Roof, or Slab. Placing of Stair Open drawing DWG-24 Stair.DWG Go to Design >> Stairs >> Add Stair Select the Stair Style: Standard, Width: 1850mm, Height: 4250mm, Justify: Left Tread: 270mm: Shape: Multi-Landing, Turn Type: ½ Landing Placing of Railing Go to Design >> Railings >> Add Railing Select Style: Standard, Attached: Stair, Offset: 50mm Select the side of stair that you wish to place the railings, railings is automatically attached to the staircase. 20

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23 Placing of Slab Placing of slab in Autodesk Architectural Desktop is done in 2 ways: Define the point as the slab are being drawn Draw a Polyline to define the outline of the slab and convert it to slab Both methods provide user a convenient way of creating complex slab with customizable edges. Slab edges can be customize to the needs of the project in any shape define by a Polyline. Thus, any shape that is created using Polylines can be converted to slab. In Autodesk Architectural Desktop most customizable objects, e.g. Wall, Door & Window Shape, Column & Beam profile, Curtain Wall, Openings, Roof, Roof Slab, Floor Slab, Staircase, uses Polyline to define the profile and shape. Defining the boundary of slab Open drawing DWG-26 Slab.DWG Use the polyline command in Autodesk Architectural Desktop to draw the outline of the slab-to-be. 23

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25 Height: 4000mm Thickness: 200mm (measured from Bottom) Thickness: 250mm (measured from Top) Thickness: 250mm (Top) Offset: -50mm Thickness: 150mm (Top) Offset: -100mm 25

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27 Placing of Roof, Roof Slab and Roof Dormer The Autodesk Architectural Desktop roof object is a single entity, which enables adjustment of the roof and further editing according to the design. It can also be converted into Roof Slab objects, to enable construction specification and quantity take-off. A simple Dormer function enables the creation of Roof Dormer from any roof and wall objects. Open drawing DWG-28 Roof.DWG Defining the outline of dormer roof using Polyline function: The Polyline outline of the dormer roof is pre-defined. Go to Design >> Walls >> Convert to Walls Select the Polyline, Erase Geometry: Yes Select Wall Style: Brick 100mm (Baucon) Wall Thickness: 100 mm Wall Height: 1500mm Go to Design >> Roofs >> Convert to Roofs Select the 4 Walls Erase Geometry: No Plate Height: 2400mm, Rise: 7, Slope: 30, Roof Thickness: 100 Convert Roof to Roof Slab Select Roof, Right Click, select Convert to Roof Slabs Erase Layout Geometry: Yes Specify Roof Style: Standard 27

28 Repeat the same to the Main Roof Project wall of dormer to meet with Dormer Roof Slab: Select Walls, Right Click, Select Model Tool, Roof Line Select Auto Projection, select the roof slab Wall will automatically adjust to the roof slab. Move the whole Wall and Dormer Roof into the main Roof. Select the roof slab that the dormer is to be fitted Select the Wall/Dormer Roof Slice wall with Slab? : Yes The Dormer Roof will be trimmed automatically to the main Roof. 28

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31 Placing of Annotation and AEC Dimensions Even with a Building Model and its objects there is still a considerable amount of work to be done on preparing the drawings for various stages in the project. Thus the need for productivity tools to simplify the methods and increase the productivity in these tasks. Based on the impressive track record of AutoCAD in powerful CAD functions, Autodesk Architectural Desktop push the limit of productivity tool a step higher. A set of productivity tools are created to be used in conjunction with the building object to greatly enhance the quality of the work and also increase the quantity of work. Open drawing DWG-30 Annotation & Dim.DWG Go to Design >> Design Content >> Domestic Furniture Navigate through the folders to look for the suitable MV Block (Multi-View Block) Drag and Drop it into the plan. Go to Documentation >> Documentation Content >> Detail Marks Drag and Drop: Detail Boundary B onto the drawing as Shown Enter the value: 1, A-123 Drag and Drop: Revision Clouds 31

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33 AEC Dimension in Autodesk Architectural Desktop is an intelligent object that are attach to the select object. Thus any change in dimension of the object will be reflected as it is being edited. Go to Documentation >> AEC Dimension >> Add AEC Dimension Select the object to be dimensioned, pick the placement position. The dimension of the object will be shown 33

34 Schedule of Building Objects Autodesk Architectural Desktop provides a comprehensive schedule function to extract relevant information for Bill-of-Quantity. The schedules are link to the object via a tag which has to first be attached to the relevant objects. Once attached, the schedule will reflect the actual information of the building object real time. Any change to the object dimension will be updated immediately onto the schedule. This eliminates the need to keep track of the schedule every time changes are done to the objects by the user. Open drawing DWG-32 Schedule.DWG Go to Documentation >> Schedule Tags >> Door & Window Tags Drag and Drop the Door Tag Follow the Command Line Instruction to Tag the door. Create Schedule Table Go to Documentation >> Schedule Tables >> Add Schedule Tables Select the Door Schedule Follow the command line instructions to create a door schedule table. 34

35 Section and Elevation One of the most prominent advantages of an Object-Oriented Computer-Aided Design tool like Autodesk Architectural Desktop is the ability to create different views of Sections and Elevation from the Building Model. These Sections and Elevations are dynamically linked to the model, thus any changes done to any of the object within the model will be reflected in all sections and elevations. This advantage enable to user to have a better control over the quality of the drawings and documents as the update are in a control environment monitor by Autodesk Architectural Desktop without much intervention from the user. Building Sections in Autodesk Architectural Desktop are defined with a 3D Box using a depth and a height. As section is a view into the 3D Building Model and a predefine view angle, thus the need of a 3D section. This also enable the section of more that 1 floor be view with only 1 section set. Open drawing DWG-34 Section & Elevation.DWG Go to Documentation >> Sections >> Add Section Line Draw the Section Line Right Click to stop Enter the Depth of Section: 6000 Enter the Height of Section:

36 To Generate Section Select the section line, Right Click, Select Generate Section Select the object within the box, pick an insertion point. Autodesk Architectural Desktop will generate a section based on the information in the Building Model Autodesk Architectural Desktop will generate a section based on the information in the Building Model Layout Views 36

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