High School Biology - Problem Drill 21: The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

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1 High School Biology - Problem Drill 21: The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Question No. 1 of 10 Which of the following about the circulatory system is true? Question #01 A. The circulatory system in humans is an open system with no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid. B. The circulatory system in humans is a closed system that includes the heart, blood and blood vessels, as well as the kidneys and liver. C. The circulatory system is also called the cardiovascular system and is the organ system that moves nutrients, gases and wastes to and from the cells of the body. D. The correct path of the circulatory system from the heart is: arteries, arterioles, aorta, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cava and back to the heart. E. The correct path of the circulatory system from the heart is: aorta, arteries, venules, capillaries, arterioles, veins, vena cava and back to the heart. The circulatory system in humans is a closed system that includes the heart, blood and blood vessels. The circulatory system in humans is a closed system that includes the heart, blood and blood vessels. C. Correct! The circulatory system is also called the cardiovascular system and is the organ system that moves nutrients, gases and wastes to and from the cells of the body. The correct path of the circulatory system from the heart is: aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cava and back to the heart. The correct path of the circulatory system from the heart is: aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cava and back to the heart. The circulatory system is also called the cardiovascular system and is the organ system that moves nutrients, gases and wastes to and from the cells of the body. The circulatory system in humans is a closed system that includes the heart, blood and blood vessels. An open circulatory system occurs in organisms like mollusks and arthropods. There is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid, which is called hemolymph. The correct path of the circulatory system from the heart is: aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cava and back to the heart.

2 Question No. 2 of 10 Which of the following statements about blood is correct? Question #02 A. Plasma is mostly water and nutrients. B. Plasma is mostly water, nutrients, and erythrocytes. C. In blood, there are red blood cells (leukocytes), which carry oxygen, and white blood cells (erythrocytes), which are immune system cells that fight disease. D. In blood, there are white blood cells (leukocytes), which carry oxygen, and red blood cells (erythrocytes), which are immune system cells that fight disease. E. Typically, arteries deliver blood to the heart and veins carry blood from the heart. A. Correct! Plasma is mostly water and nutrients. Plasma is mostly water and nutrients. In blood, there are red blood cells (erythrocytes), which carry oxygen, and white blood cells (leukocytes), which are immune system cells that fight disease. In blood, there are red blood cells (erythrocytes), which carry oxygen, and white blood cells (leukocytes), which are immune system cells that fight disease. Typically, arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins deliver blood to the heart. Plasma is mostly water and nutrients. In blood, there are red blood cells (erythrocytes), which carry oxygen, and white blood cells (leukocytes), which are immune system cells that fight disease. Typically, arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins deliver blood to the heart. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels, where exchange takes place. Passive diffusion lets oxygen/nutrients out of the blood into the tissue and carbon dioxide/waste out of the tissue into the blood.

3 Question No. 3 of 10 Which of the following statements about the blood circulation in the body is true? Question #03 A. The heart pumps blood through two circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. B. The heart pumps blood through three circuits: the pulmonary circuit, the upper body circuit, and the lower body circuit. C. Typically, arteries carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood. D. The capillaries are the largest blood vessel, where exchange takes place. E. The capillaries are the smallest blood vessel, where active (energy dependent) exchange takes place. A. Correct! The heart pumps blood through two circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. The heart pumps blood through two circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. Typically, arteries carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood. The capillaries are the smallest blood vessel, where exchange takes place. The capillaries are the smallest blood vessel, where exchange takes place. The heart pumps blood through two circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. The blood at the end of the systemic circuit would be less oxygenated than the blood at the end of the pulmonary circuit. The systemic circuit has larger diameter blood vessels than the pulmonary circuit. Typically, arteries carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood. The capillaries are the smallest blood vessel, where exchange takes place.

4 Question No. 4 of 10 Which of the following statements about the systemic blood circuit is true? Question #04 A. The systemic blood circuit delivers deoxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. B. The systemic blood circuit delivers oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. C. The systemic blood circuit receives oxygenated blood from the tissues of the body. D. The systemic blood circuit receives blood with more oxygen than carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body. E. Oxygenated blood is delivered to the lungs via the systemic circuit. The systemic blood circuit delivers oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. B. Correct! The systemic blood circuit delivers oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. The systemic blood circuit receives deoxygenated blood from the tissues of the body. The systemic blood circuit receives deoxygenated blood from the tissues of the body. Oxygenated blood is delivered to the tissues of the body via the systemic circuit. The systemic circuit pumps blood between the lung and the body tissues. In this way, the CO 2 from the body s tissue is brought to the heart, and the oxygenated blood (carrying O 2 ) is brought to the tissues.

5 Question No. 5 of 10 Which of the following statements about the structure and function of the heart is true? Question #05 A. The right side of the heart collects de-oxygenated blood in the right atrium. B. The right side of the heart collects oxygenated blood in the right atrium. C. From the left atrium, the blood moves to the right ventricle, which pumps it out to the body. D. From the right atrium, the blood moves to the left ventricle, which pumps it out to the body. E. The right side of the heart (right atrium) collects oxygenated blood from the lungs. A. Correct! The right side of the heart collects de-oxygenated blood in the right atrium. The right side of the heart collects de-oxygenated blood in the right atrium. From the left atrium, the blood moves to the left ventricle, which pumps it out to the body. From the left atrium, the blood moves to the left ventricle, which pumps it out to the body. The left side of the heart (left atrium) collects oxygenated blood from the lungs. 1. The right side of the heart collects de-oxygenated blood in the right atrium. 2. It is pumped into the lungs (pulmonary circulation) and CO 2 given off. 3. During gas exchange, O 2 is picked up. 4. The left side of the heart (left atrium) collects oxygenated blood from the lungs. 5. From the left atrium, the blood moves to the left ventricle, which pumps it out to the body.

6 Question No. 6 of 10 Which of the following statements about the anatomy of the heart is true? Question #06 A. The aortic valve separates the aorta from the right ventricle. B. The aortic valve separates the aorta from the left ventricle. C. The superior and inferior vena cava are connected to the left atrium, and they deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart. D. The superior and inferior vena cava are connected to the right atrium, and they deliver oxygenated blood to the heart. E. The aorta is one of the largest veins in the body. The aortic valve separates the aorta from the left ventricle. B. Correct! The aortic valve separates the aorta from the left ventricle. The superior and inferior vena cava are connected to the right atrium, and they deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart. The superior and inferior vena cava are connected to the right atrium, and they deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart. The aorta is one of the largest arteries in the body. The aortic valve separates the aorta from the left ventricle. The superior and inferior vena cava are connected to the right atrium, and they deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart. The pulmonary artery delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs, and the pulmonary veins deliver oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart. The aorta is one of the largest arteries in the body.

7 Question No. 7 of 10 Which of the following statements about the respiratory system is true? Question #07 A. In humans, the respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, and cardiac muscle. B. In humans, the respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, and abdominal muscles that contract to initiate gas exchange. C. The lungs have an alveolar system where molecules of O 2 and CO 2 are passively exchanged by diffusion. D. The lungs have a trabecular system where molecules of O 2 and CO 2 are passively exchanged by diffusion. E. The diaphragm is the muscle of the respiratory system, which is responsible for strengthening the chest cavity. In humans, the respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, respiratory muscles that move air into and out of the body. In humans, the respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, respiratory muscles that move air into and out of the body. C. Correct! The lungs have an alveolar system where molecules of O 2 and CO 2 are passively exchanged by diffusion. The lungs have an alveolar system where molecules of O 2 and CO 2 are passively exchanged by diffusion. The diaphragm is the muscle of the respiratory system, which is responsible for changing the volume of the lungs. In humans, the respiratory system consists of the airways, lungs, and respiratory muscles that move air into and out of the body. The lungs have an alveolar system where molecules of O 2 and CO 2 are passively exchanged by diffusion. The diaphragm is the muscle of the respiratory system, which is responsible for changing the volume of the lungs.

8 Question No. 8 of 10 In the respiratory system, oxygen. Question #08 A. Enters the body through the nose or mouth, passing by the bronchi and entering the trachea. B. Enters the body through the nose or mouth, passing by the larynx and entering the pharynx. C. Passes through the lung to enter the pharynx. D. Passes through the pharynx and eventually enters the lungs. E. Moves past the pharynx and larynx, which are two names for the voice box. In the respiratory system, oxygen enters the body through the nose or mouth, passing by the larynx and entering the trachea. In the respiratory system, oxygen enters the body through the nose or mouth, passing by the larynx and entering the trachea. In the respiratory system, oxygen passes through the pharynx and eventually enters the lungs. D. Correct! In the respiratory system, oxygen passes through the pharynx and eventually enters the lungs. In the respiratory system, oxygen moves past the pharynx (at the back of the throat) and then the larynx, which is the voice box. In the respiratory system, oxygen enters the body through the nose or mouth, passing by the larynx and entering the trachea. In its path, oxygen moves past the pharynx (at the back of the throat) and then the larynx (voice box), which are two distinct parts of the respiratory system. After the trachea, the path of oxygen is into the bronchi and out into the lung spaces.

9 Question No. 9 of 10 Which of the following statements about gas exchange is true? Question #09 A. During inhalation, gas exchange happens at the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like sacs and are the basic component of lungs. B. During inhalation, gas exchange happens at the trachea. C. The alveoli are lined with thick-walled capillaries. D. The alveoli are lined with capillaries, which are thin enough to permit the exchange of O 2 and NO 2. E. Blood from the body contains carbon dioxide, which is delivered to the tissues for its use. A. Correct! During inhalation, gas exchange happens at the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like sacs and are the basic component of lungs. During inhalation, gas exchange happens at the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like sacs and are the basic component of lungs. The alveoli are lined with capillaries, which are thin enough to permit the gas (O 2 and CO 2 ) to exchange. The alveoli are lined with capillaries, which are thin enough to permit the gas (O 2 and CO 2 ) to exchange. Blood from the body contains carbon dioxide, which is delivered to the lungs for exhalation. During inhalation, gas exchange happens at the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like sacs and are the basic component of lungs. The alveoli are lined with capillaries, which are thin enough to permit the gas (O 2 and CO 2 ) to exchange. Blood from the body contains carbon dioxide, which is delivered to the lungs for exhalation.

10 Question No. 10 of 10 In humans, breathing Question #10 A. Is only under unconscious control. B. Can be controlled consciously and unconsciously. C. Is stimulated when O 2 levels increase and blood ph decreases. D. Is stimulated when CO 2 levels decrease and blood ph increases. E. Takes place as the brain signals the diaphragm to relax and cause inhalation. In humans, breathing can be controlled consciously and unconsciously. B. Correct! In humans, breathing can be controlled consciously and unconsciously. In humans, breathing is stimulated when CO 2 levels increase and blood ph decreases. In humans, breathing is stimulated when CO 2 levels increase and blood ph decreases. In humans, breathing takes place as the brain signals the diaphragm to contract and cause inhalation. In humans, breathing is stimulated when CO 2 levels increase and blood ph decreases. Breathing takes place as the brain signals the diaphragm to contract and cause inhalation. When the diaphragm relaxes, the lung volume deceases, leading to gas flow out of the lungs.

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