Outline. Astronomy 330. What is the Universe s Fate? What is the Universe s Fate? ! The end of the Universe! The first stars
|
|
|
- Mervyn Ramsey
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Astronomy 330 This class (Lecture 6): The End of the Universe Next Class: Why does the Sun shine?! The end of the Universe! The first stars Outline Music: Carl Sagan -Glorious Dawn Colorpulse What is the Universe s Fate? What is the Universe s Fate? Today: Universe is expanding. What do you expect to happen next? Competition: gravity vs inertia Compare: Pop fly and rocket!! Quantitative question! Launch speed vs speed to escape Earth For Universe it is still gravity vs speed.! Gravity acts on mass of galaxies (pulling back)! The speed is the speed of expansion Both are observable! Our fate is a quantitative question : or or?!! If our mass is small enough we expand forever. If our mass is large enough expansion halts, and we collapse back.
2 What kind of Universe do we live in? What kind of Universe do we live in? The Big Chill The Big Chill Distance to some particular galaxy Peter Out/Big Chill Distance to some particular galaxy Peter Out/Big Chill The Big Crunch The Big Crunch Big Chill/Big Crunch! Less mass: An open or flat Universe will end in a Big Chill:! Galaxies exhaust their gas supply! No more new stars! Old stars eventually die, leaving only dust and stellar corpses! More mass: A closed Universe will end in a Big Crunch:! Expansion will stop, and the Universe will re-collapse! Ends as it began, incredibly hot and dense Question Our Universe could be one of three types: Open, Closed, or Flat. What would happen to a closed Universe? a)! No one else could get in. b)! It would expand forever. c)! It would just barely expand forever. d)! It would expand for a while, then eventually begin to re-collapse on itself. e)! It would expand, then slow down, then expand faster.
3 Dark Matter! There is unseen mass in our Galaxy!! Needed to explain stellar orbits.! The dark matter in the Galaxy is in greatly extended halo! Up to 90% of the Galaxy s mass is dark matter!! Most of our Milky Way is Dark Matter! We can t see it (only interacts via gravity)! We aren t sure what it is, but it is much more common than normal matter Dark Matter! Dark matter is likely streaming through us right now!! Probably some heavy exotic particle created during the Big Bang. (Weakly Interacting Massive Particle WIMPs?).! Recent suggestion of a detection. Stay tuned! How to search for WIMPs? % of mass for closed Universe 22% 4.5% <1.5% How Much Do We Weigh? Dark matter Needed to explain: galaxy rotation curves clusters of galaxies Ordinary matter Made of protons, neutrons, and electrons Neutrinos 28% Not enough to close the Universe Total So we live in an open Universe.?
4 CMB Measurements Universe is Flat!!!! Peter Out/ Big Chill! The Universe will just barely expand forever, getting cooler and cooler.! If all of the mass, dark+regular, isn t enough, then what s up?! The fate of the Universe is really dependent on the amount of matter and energy in the Universe E = mc 2 The Accelerating Universe!!! The universe is not slowing down at all. In fact, it s speeding up!!! We live in an accelerating universe! It s as if there s another force pushing the universe apart a Cosmological Constant!!! Dark Energy! The matter census isn t enough to be flat and the expansion is accelerating!! So, a new type of energy called dark energy must exists! Not related to dark matter! Acts as repulsive gravity, pushing apart.! Dark energy is actually accelerating the expansion of the Universe!
5 The Accelerating Universe!!! Effects of Dark Energy Whatever this force is, we think that it is growing stronger as the universe evolves. The more empty space in the universe, the greater the acceleration as if the vacuum of space has energy. The Accelerating Universe!!! The universe is 13.7 billion years old, and it is now dominated by dark energy. Question Based on measurement of the CMB, we live in a flat Universe. But there is not enough known mass to account for this. What s up? Dark Energy even dwarfs dark matter! Regular matter is really insignificant. We really don t know anything about what s going on!! a)! We must be underestimating the amount of Dark Matter. b)! It would expand forever. c)! It would just barely expand forever. d)! We have something called Dark Energy. e)! It would expand, then slow down, then expand faster.
6 The Accelerating Universe!!!! But, we are still in very speculative times here.! How the Universe ends will depend on the nature of Dark Energy.! If it really acts like a cosmological constant (go Einstein!), then we live in a flat Universe that will keep expanding forever, but if not then we don t know yet. The Accelerating Universe!!!! Understanding dark energy is one of the biggest questions for humankind today.! There are many experiments underway to accomplish this. So we have to wait and see.! But what are the options? The Distant Future: The Big Rip! Although this is not very popular, and the chances of it occurring is small, what if Dark Energy is not a cosmological constant?! One extreme case is that it gets carried away, and rips the Universe apart.!! If repulsive force increases Brooklyn may expand too.!! Gravity/E&M forces can not hold Galaxies rip apart!! Could rip the Milky Way apart in ~1-100 billion years!! Earth gets ripped apart soon after!! You d get ripped apart! The Early Universe?! So, in the early Universe, the first elements formed were mostly Hydrogen (75%) and Helium (25%) by mass. What does that mean for life in the early Universe?! Globular clusters contain the oldest stars in the Milky Way about 10 to 13 billion years old. Should we look for life around these stars?
7 What is the Earth made of?! Very little hydrogen and helium. They make up less than 0.1% of the mass of the Earth.! Life on Earth does not require any helium and only small amounts of non-h 2 O hydrogen.! All of these elements must be formed in stars. That means 2 nd or 3 rd or n th generation of stars are required before life can really get going. These elements were not originally formed in the Big Bang.! We are star stuff!! How did that come about? What are Galaxies?! They are really giant re-cycling plants separated by large distances.! Stars are born in galaxies out of dust and gas.! Stars turn hydrogen into helium, then into heavier elements through fusion for millions or billions of years. What are Galaxies? Stellar Evolution Re-Cycle! Stars die and eject material back into the galaxy.! New stars are formed.! And so on.! Crucial to the development of life!
Astro 102 Test 5 Review Spring 2016. See Old Test 4 #16-23, Test 5 #1-3, Old Final #1-14
Astro 102 Test 5 Review Spring 2016 See Old Test 4 #16-23, Test 5 #1-3, Old Final #1-14 Sec 14.5 Expanding Universe Know: Doppler shift, redshift, Hubble s Law, cosmic distance ladder, standard candles,
A Universe of Galaxies
A Universe of Galaxies Today s Lecture: Other Galaxies (Chapter 16, pages 366-397) Types of Galaxies Habitats of Galaxies Dark Matter Other Galaxies Originally called spiral nebulae because of their shape.
1 A Solar System Is Born
CHAPTER 3 1 A Solar System Is Born SECTION Formation of the Solar System BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a nebula? How did our solar system
Origins of the Cosmos Summer 2016. Pre-course assessment
Origins of the Cosmos Summer 2016 Pre-course assessment In order to grant two graduate credits for the workshop, we do require you to spend some hours before arriving at Penn State. We encourage all of
165 points. Name Date Period. Column B a. Cepheid variables b. luminosity c. RR Lyrae variables d. Sagittarius e. variable stars
Name Date Period 30 GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE SECTION 30.1 The Milky Way Galaxy In your textbook, read about discovering the Milky Way. (20 points) For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching
Build Your Own Universe
Build Your Own Universe You will need: At least 10,000,000,000,000,00 0,000,000,000,000,000,000,00 0,000,000,000,000,000,000,00 0,000,000,000,000,000,000,00 0,000 x Down quarks At least 10,000,000,000,000,000,
Pretest Ch 20: Origins of the Universe
Name: _Answer key Pretest: _2_/ 58 Posttest: _58_/ 58 Pretest Ch 20: Origins of the Universe Vocab/Matching: Match the definition on the left with the term on the right by placing the letter of the term
The Hidden Lives of Galaxies. Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC
The Hidden Lives of Galaxies Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC What is a Galaxy? Solar System Distance from Earth to Sun = 93,000,000 miles = 8 light-minutes Size of Solar System = 5.5 light-hours What is
The Expanding Universe
Stars, Galaxies, Guided Reading and Study This section explains how astronomers think the universe and the solar system formed. Use Target Reading Skills As you read about the evidence that supports the
The Birth of the Universe Newcomer Academy High School Visualization One
The Birth of the Universe Newcomer Academy High School Visualization One Chapter Topic Key Points of Discussion Notes & Vocabulary 1 Birth of The Big Bang Theory Activity 4A the How and when did the universe
Particle Soup: Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Name: Partner(s): Lab #7 Particle Soup: Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Purpose The student explores how helium was made in the Big Bang. Introduction Very little helium is made in stars. Yet the universe is
The Sun and Solar Energy
I The Sun and Solar Energy One of the most important forces behind global change on Earth is over 90 million miles distant from the planet. The Sun is the ultimate, original source of the energy that drives
Beginning of the Universe Classwork 6 th Grade PSI Science
Beginning of the Universe Classwork Name: 6 th Grade PSI Science 1 4 2 5 6 3 7 Down: 1. Edwin discovered that galaxies are spreading apart. 2. This theory explains how the Universe was flattened. 3. All
Astronomy & Physics Resources for Middle & High School Teachers
Astronomy & Physics Resources for Middle & High School Teachers Gillian Wilson http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~gillianw/k12 A cosmologist is.... an astronomer who studies the formation and evolution of the
WHERE DID ALL THE ELEMENTS COME FROM??
WHERE DID ALL THE ELEMENTS COME FROM?? In the very beginning, both space and time were created in the Big Bang. It happened 13.7 billion years ago. Afterwards, the universe was a very hot, expanding soup
UNIT V. Earth and Space. Earth and the Solar System
UNIT V Earth and Space Chapter 9 Earth and the Solar System EARTH AND OTHER PLANETS A solar system contains planets, moons, and other objects that orbit around a star or the star system. The solar system
Class 2 Solar System Characteristics Formation Exosolar Planets
Class 1 Introduction, Background History of Modern Astronomy The Night Sky, Eclipses and the Seasons Kepler's Laws Newtonian Gravity General Relativity Matter and Light Telescopes Class 2 Solar System
The Origin and Evolution of the Universe
The Origin and Evolution of the Universe 9.7 People have been wondering about the Universe for a long time. They have asked questions such as Where did the Universe come from? How big is it? What will
Solar Energy Production
Solar Energy Production We re now ready to address the very important question: What makes the Sun shine? Why is this such an important topic in astronomy? As humans, we see in the visible part of the
Top 10 Discoveries by ESO Telescopes
Top 10 Discoveries by ESO Telescopes European Southern Observatory reaching new heights in astronomy Exploring the Universe from the Atacama Desert, in Chile since 1964 ESO is the most productive astronomical
Your years of toil Said Ryle to Hoyle Are wasted years, believe me. The Steady State Is out of date Unless my eyes deceive me.
Your years of toil Said Ryle to Hoyle Are wasted years, believe me. The Steady State Is out of date Unless my eyes deceive me. My telescope Has dashed your hope; Your tenets are refuted. Let me be terse:
The Universe. The Solar system, Stars and Galaxies
The Universe The Universe is everything. All us, the room, the U.S. the earth, the solar system, all the other stars in the Milky way galaxy, all the other galaxies... everything. How big and how old is
3 HOW WERE STARS FORMED?
3 HOW WERE STARS FORMED? David Christian explains how the first stars were formed. This two-part lecture begins by focusing on what the Universe was like in its first 200 million years of existence, a
The Big Bang A Community in the Classroom Presentation for Grade 5
The Big Bang A Community in the Classroom Presentation for Grade 5 Richard Cupp Engineer STANARDS CONNECTION Grade 5 Physical Science: Elements and their combinations account for all the varied types of
Chapter 23 The Beginning of Time
Chapter 23 The Beginning of Time 23.1 The Big Bang Our goals for learning What were conditions like in the early universe? What is the history of the universe according to the Big Bang theory? What were
Chapter 15 Cosmology: Will the universe end?
Cosmology: Will the universe end? 1. Who first showed that the Milky Way is not the only galaxy in the universe? a. Kepler b. Copernicus c. Newton d. Hubble e. Galileo Ans: d 2. The big bang theory and
Answers for the Student Worksheet for the Hubble Space Telescope Scavenger Hunt
Instructions: Answers are typed in blue. Answers for the Student Worksheet for the Hubble Space Telescope Scavenger Hunt Crab Nebula What is embedded in the center of the nebula? Neutron star Who first
Welcome to Class 4: Our Solar System (and a bit of cosmology at the start) Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room
Welcome to Class 4: Our Solar System (and a bit of cosmology at the start) Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room What is the difference between dark ENERGY and dark MATTER? Is Earth unique,
A Century of Paradigm Shifts in our Thinking About the Universe
A Century of Paradigm Shifts in our Thinking About the Universe George R. Blumenthal Chancellor, UC Santa Cruz Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics Why start 100 years ago? Before 1910 there was no
Week 1-2: Overview of the Universe & the View from the Earth
Week 1-2: Overview of the Universe & the View from the Earth Hassen M. Yesuf (hyesuf@ucsc.edu) September 29, 2011 1 Lecture summary Protein molecules, the building blocks of a living organism, are made
Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations
Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Our Solar System is a collection of gravitationally interacting bodies that include Earth and the Moon. Universal
Name Class Date. true
Exercises 131 The Falling Apple (page 233) 1 Describe the legend of Newton s discovery that gravity extends throughout the universe According to legend, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree and realized
1.1 A Modern View of the Universe" Our goals for learning: What is our place in the universe?"
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe What is our place in the universe? What is our place in the universe? How did we come to be? How can we know what the universe was
Modeling Galaxy Formation
Galaxy Evolution is the study of how galaxies form and how they change over time. As was the case with we can not observe an individual galaxy evolve but we can observe different galaxies at various stages
The Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision
The Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision Roeland van der Marel (STScI) [based on work with a team of collaborators reported in the Astrophysical Journal July 2012] Hubble Science Briefing
What is the Sloan Digital Sky Survey?
What is the Sloan Digital Sky Survey? Simply put, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is the most ambitious astronomical survey ever undertaken. The survey will map one-quarter of the entire sky in detail, determining
7. In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum are molecules most easily detected? A. visible light B. radio waves C. X rays D.
1. Most interstellar matter is too cold to be observed optically. Its radiation can be detected in which part of the electromagnetic spectrum? A. gamma ray B. ultraviolet C. infrared D. X ray 2. The space
Stellar Evolution: a Journey through the H-R Diagram
Stellar Evolution: a Journey through the H-R Diagram Mike Montgomery 21 Apr, 2001 0-0 The Herztsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD) was independently invented by Herztsprung (1911) and Russell (1913) They plotted
Chapter 15.3 Galaxy Evolution
Chapter 15.3 Galaxy Evolution Elliptical Galaxies Spiral Galaxies Irregular Galaxies Are there any connections between the three types of galaxies? How do galaxies form? How do galaxies evolve? P.S. You
Test 2 --- Natural Sciences 102, Professors Rieke --- VERSION B March 3, 2010
Enter your answers on the form provided. Be sure to write your name and student ID number on the first blank at the bottom of the form. Please mark the version (B) in the Key ID space at the top of the
The Solar System. Unit 4 covers the following framework standards: ES 10 and PS 11. Content was adapted the following:
Unit 4 The Solar System Chapter 7 ~ The History of the Solar System o Section 1 ~ The Formation of the Solar System o Section 2 ~ Observing the Solar System Chapter 8 ~ The Parts the Solar System o Section
Transcript 22 - Universe
Transcript 22 - Universe A few introductory words of explanation about this transcript: This transcript includes the words sent to the narrator for inclusion in the latest version of the associated video.
Introduction to the Solar System
Introduction to the Solar System Lesson Objectives Describe some early ideas about our solar system. Name the planets, and describe their motion around the Sun. Explain how the solar system formed. Introduction
Using Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster
Using Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster In In this Activity, we will investigate: 1. How to use photometric data for an open cluster to derive an H-R Diagram for the stars and
The Universe Inside of You: Where do the atoms in your body come from?
The Universe Inside of You: Where do the atoms in your body come from? Matthew Mumpower University of Notre Dame Thursday June 27th 2013 Nucleosynthesis nu cle o syn the sis The formation of new atomic
The Cosmic Microwave Background and the Big Bang Theory of the Universe
The Cosmic Microwave Background and the Big Bang Theory of the Universe 1. Concepts from General Relativity 1.1 Curvature of space As we discussed earlier, Einstein s equivalence principle states that
In studying the Milky Way, we have a classic problem of not being able to see the forest for the trees.
In studying the Milky Way, we have a classic problem of not being able to see the forest for the trees. A panoramic painting of the Milky Way as seen from Earth, done by Knut Lundmark in the 1940 s. The
Nuclear fusion in stars. Collapse of primordial density fluctuations into galaxies and stars, nucleosynthesis in stars
Nuclear fusion in stars Collapse of primordial density fluctuations into galaxies and stars, nucleosynthesis in stars The origin of structure in the Universe Until the time of formation of protogalaxies,
4 HOW OUR SOLAR SYSTEM FORMED 750L
4 HOW OUR SOLAR SYSTEM FORMED 750L HOW OUR SOLAR SYSTEM FORMED A CLOSE LOOK AT THE PLANETS ORBITING OUR SUN By Cynthia Stokes Brown, adapted by Newsela Planets come from the clouds of gas and dust that
GRAVITY CONCEPTS. Gravity is the universal force of attraction between all matter
IT S UNIVERSAL GRAVITY CONCEPTS Gravity is the universal force of attraction between all matter Weight is a measure of the gravitational force pulling objects toward Earth Objects seem weightless when
Evolution of the Universe from 13 to 4 Billion Years Ago
Evolution of the Universe from 13 to 4 Billion Years Ago Prof. Dr. Harold Geller hgeller@gmu.edu http://physics.gmu.edu/~hgeller/ Department of Physics and Astronomy George Mason University Unity in the
galaxy solar system supernova (noun) (noun) (noun)
WORDS IN CONTEXT DAY 1 (Page 1 of 4) galaxy A galaxy is a collection of stars, gas, and dust. We live in the Milky Way galaxy. One galaxy may contain billions of stars. solar system A solar system revolves
First Discoveries. Asteroids
First Discoveries The Sloan Digital Sky Survey began operating on June 8, 1998. Since that time, SDSS scientists have been hard at work analyzing data and drawing conclusions. This page describes seven
How dark is the Universe?
How dark is the Universe? An evaluation of two competing astrophysical theories Figure from Astronomy Picture of the Day (Copyright: Robert Gendler) Else Starkenburg Supervisors: prof. T.A.F. Kuipers &
Exploring the Universe Through the Hubble Space Telescope
Exploring the Universe Through the Hubble Space Telescope WEEK FIVE: THE HUBBLE DEEP FIELD + LIMITATIONS OF HUBBLE, COLLABORATIONS, AND THE FUTURE OF ASTRONOMY Date: October 14, 2013 Instructor: Robert
Unit 1.8: Earth and Space Science Planets & Stars
Weekly Focus: Reading for Comprehension Weekly Skill: Compare and Contrast Lesson Summary: This week students will continue to learn about the makeup of the Cosmos, specifically the solar system. Students
Solar System Formation
Solar System Formation Solar System Formation Question: How did our solar system and other planetary systems form? Comparative planetology has helped us understand Compare the differences and similarities
REALIZING EINSTEIN S DREAM Exploring Our Mysterious Universe
REALIZING EINSTEIN S DREAM Exploring Our Mysterious Universe The End of Physics Albert A. Michelson, at the dedication of Ryerson Physics Lab, U. of Chicago, 1894 The Miracle Year - 1905 Relativity Quantum
The spectacular eruption of a volcano, the magnificent scenery of a
Section 1.1 1.1 What Is Earth Science 1 FOCUS Section Objectives 1.1 Define Earth science. 1.2 Describe the formation of Earth and the solar system. Build Vocabulary Word Parts Ask students to use a dictionary
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System Gravity What is gravity? Gravity is a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and the distances between them. Every object in the universe
Lesson Plan G2 The Stars
Lesson Plan G2 The Stars Introduction We see the stars as tiny points of light in the sky. They may all look the same but they are not. They range in size, color, temperature, power, and life spans. In
California Standards Grades 9 12 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping
California Standards Grades 912 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping Earth Sciences Earth s Place in the Universe 1. Astronomy and planetary exploration reveal the solar system s structure,
Practice TEST 2. Explain your reasoning
Practice TEST 2 1. Imagine taking an elevator ride from the1 st floor to the 10 th floor of a building. While moving between the 1 st and 2 nd floors the elevator speeds up, but then moves at a constant
23. The Beginning of Time. Agenda. Agenda. ESA s Venus Express. Conditions in the Early Universe. 23.1 Running the Expansion Backward
23. The Beginning of Time Somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known. Agenda Announce: Solar Altitude Lab (#2) due today Read Ch. 24 for Thursday Observation make-up next week Project Presentations
Carol and Charles see their pencils fall exactly straight down.
Section 24-1 1. Carol is in a railroad car on a train moving west along a straight stretch of track at a constant speed of 120 km/h, and Charles is in a railroad car on a train at rest on a siding along
STUDY GUIDE: Earth Sun Moon
The Universe is thought to consist of trillions of galaxies. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, has billions of stars. One of those stars is our Sun. Our solar system consists of the Sun at the center, and all
Introduction and Origin of the Earth
Page 1 of 5 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Introduction and Origin of the Earth This page last updated on 30-Jul-2015 Geology, What is it? Geology is the study of
Newton s Laws of Motion
Newton s Laws of Motion The Earth revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit. The moon orbits the Earth in the same way. But what keeps the Earth and the moon in orbit? Why don t they just fly off
The Main Point. Lecture #34: Solar System Origin II. Chemical Condensation ( Lewis ) Model. How did the solar system form? Reading: Chapter 8.
Lecture #34: Solar System Origin II How did the solar system form? Chemical Condensation ("Lewis") Model. Formation of the Terrestrial Planets. Formation of the Giant Planets. Planetary Evolution. Reading:
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe Syllabus 4 tests: June 18, June 30, July 10, July 21 Comprehensive Final - check schedule Website link on blackboard 1.1 Our Modern View of the Universe Our goals for
How To Understand General Relativity
Chapter S3 Spacetime and Gravity What are the major ideas of special relativity? Spacetime Special relativity showed that space and time are not absolute Instead they are inextricably linked in a four-dimensional
Study Guide: Solar System
Study Guide: Solar System 1. How many planets are there in the solar system? 2. What is the correct order of all the planets in the solar system? 3. Where can a comet be located in the solar system? 4.
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe. 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe Topics Our modern view of the universe The scale of the universe Cinema graphic tour of the local universe Spaceship earth 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe Our goals
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13. Gravitation. Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13 Gravitation Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton II_A2: Planetary Orbits in the Solar System + Galaxy Interactions (You Tube) 21 seconds 13-1 Newton's Law
Einstein s cosmological legacy: From the big bang to black holes
School of Mathematical and Computing Sciences Te Kura Pangarau, Rorohiko Einstein s cosmological legacy: From the big bang to black holes Matt Visser Overview: 2005 marks 100 years since Einstein discovered
The Crafoord Prize 2005
I N F O R M A T I O N F O R T H E P U B L I C The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy 2005 to James Gunn, Princeton University, USA, James Peebles, Princeton
Name: Date: Period: Gravity Study Guide
Vocabulary: Define the following terms. Law of Universal Gravitation Gravity Study Guide Weight Weightlessness Gravitational Field Black hole Escape velocity Math: Be able to use the equation for the law
FXA 2008. UNIT G485 Module 5 5.5.1 Structure of the Universe. Δλ = v λ c CONTENTS OF THE UNIVERSE. Candidates should be able to :
1 Candidates should be able to : CONTENTS OF THE UNIVERSE Describe the principal contents of the universe, including stars, galaxies and radiation. Describe the solar system in terms of the Sun, planets,
Chapter 1 Student Reading
Chapter 1 Student Reading Chemistry is the study of matter You could say that chemistry is the science that studies all the stuff in the entire world. A more scientific term for stuff is matter. So chemistry
So What All Is Out There, Anyway?
So What All Is Out There, Anyway? Imagine that, like Alice in Wonderland, you have taken a magic potion that makes you grow bigger and bigger. You get so big that soon you are a giant. You can barely make
Observing the Universe
Observing the Universe Stars & Galaxies Telescopes Any questions for next Monday? Light Doppler effect Doppler shift Doppler shift Spectra Doppler effect Spectra Stars Star and planet formation Sun Low-mass
Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014
1 Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014 2 Orbits of the Planets 3 Clues for the Formation of the SS All planets orbit in roughly the same plane about the Sun. All planets orbit in the
The first minutes of the Universe released energy which changed to matter, forming stars and galaxies. Introduction
THE COSMIC ENGINE CHAPTER 18 The Universe begins The first minutes of the Universe released energy which changed to matter, forming stars and galaxies Introduction Cosmology, the study of the Universe
The Location of the Missing Dark Matter A.G. Kelly.
The Location of the Missing Dark Matter A.G. Kelly. Abstract. A source of most of the missing Dark Matter is proposed. If the formation of stars was at a time, and in a position, such that the light from
Appropriate space vocabulary for Primary School
Appropriate space vocabulary for Primary School Stuff Looks like Gas Dust Rock Liquid Fatter (moon) Thinner (moon) Faster Slower Hot Cold Material Shape Straight at (an object) Direct (light) Indirect
1 Introduction. 1 There may, of course, in principle, exist other universes, but they are not accessible to our
1 1 Introduction Cosmology is the study of the universe as a whole, its structure, its origin, and its evolution. Cosmology is soundly based on observations, mostly astronomical, and laws of physics. These
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13. Gravitation. Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton
Halliday, Resnick & Walker Chapter 13 Gravitation Physics 1A PHYS1121 Professor Michael Burton II_A2: Planetary Orbits in the Solar System + Galaxy Interactions (You Tube) 21 seconds 13-1 Newton's Law
Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: UNIVERSE AND SOLAR SYSTEM (Approximate Time 3 Weeks)
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
thermal history of the universe and big bang nucleosynthesis
thermal history of the universe and big bang nucleosynthesis Kosmologie für Nichtphysiker Markus Pössel (vertreten durch Björn Malte Schäfer) Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Heidelberg
The facts we know today will be the same tomorrow but today s theories may tomorrow be obsolete.
The Scale of the Universe Some Introductory Material and Pretty Pictures The facts we know today will be the same tomorrow but today s theories may tomorrow be obsolete. A scientific theory is regarded
Data Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE
Data Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Autumn Semester (2014-2015) DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE 2 HOURS Answer question
Lesson 6: Earth and the Moon
Lesson 6: Earth and the Moon Reading Assignment Chapter 7.1: Overall Structure of Planet Earth Chapter 7.3: Earth s Interior More Precisely 7-2: Radioactive Dating Chapter 7.5: Earth s Magnetosphere Chapter
Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation. Marc R. Roussel
Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation Marc R. Roussel Nuclear reactions Ordinary chemical reactions do not involve the nuclei, so we can balance these reactions by making sure that
Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table
Name: Class: Date: Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION THERMAL ENERGY
TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION THERMAL ENERGY In general, when an object performs work on another object, it does not transfer all of its energy to that object. Some of the energy is lost as heat due to
Discover the Universe AST-1002 Section 0427, Spring 2016
Discover the Universe AST-1002 Section 0427, Spring 2016 Instructor: Dr. Francisco Reyes Office: Room 12 Bryant Space Science Center Telephone: 352-294-1885 Email: freyes@astro.ufl.edu Office hours: Monday
By Adam G. Riess and Michael S. Turner
SPECIAL REPORT FROM SLOWDOWN to SPEEDUP By Adam G. Riess and Michael S. Turner Distant supernovae are revealing the crucial time when the expansion of the universe changed from decelerating to accelerating
Where is Fundamental Physics Heading? Nathan Seiberg IAS Apr. 30, 2014
Where is Fundamental Physics Heading? Nathan Seiberg IAS Apr. 30, 2014 Disclaimer We do not know what will be discovered. This is the reason we perform experiments. This is the reason scientific research
astronomy 2008 1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times.
1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times. 5. If the distance between the Earth and the Sun were increased,
How did the Solar System form?
How did the Solar System form? Is our solar system unique? Are there other Earth-like planets, or are we a fluke? Under what conditions can Earth-like planets form? Is life common or rare? Ways to Find