A Danish Research Project for the Development of Green Stevia a Natural Sweetener for Organic Food Products

Transcription

1 Faculty of Science and Technology ARHUS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE A Danish Research Project for the Development of Green Stevia a Natural Sweetener for Organic Food Products Project period: 4 year, Sept until Aug Kai Grevsen, Jørn N. Sørensen, Morten R. Clausen, Merete B. Henriksen Aarhus University, Department of Food Science Ingermarie Jensen DSS, A Tetra Pak Company Sybille Kyed Organic Denmark Kirstinebjergvej Aarslev, Denmark Phone: Direct: / mobile kai.grevsen@food.au.dk Web:

2 Aim of project: To develop a concept for a Danish organic grown stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) product that can be used as a sweetener in organic food products in the EU Project group: Dept. of Food Science, Aarhus University (project leader, germplasm selection, cultivation, post harvest, analysing) Organic Denmark, National organisation of organic growers (legal questions, organic principles) DSS A Tetra Pak Company (extraction, membrane filtering techniques, purification) Dairy Fruit/Döhler GmbH company (ingredients for the dairy industry) Thise Mejeri company (organic dairy products) Skovsgaard Estate (organic farm, large scale growing, organic certification)

3 Stevia facts, EU: Conventional food production has to a large extent started using purified (> 95%) steviol glycosides as sweetener in foods. Pure steviol glycosides legal since December 2011 in EU. Not yet been possible to use this powerful sugar substitute in the production of organic foods, despite strong pressure from both food industry and consumers. The main reason for the ban on using purified steviol glycosides in organic production is that manufactures use of ion-exchange for purification of the extract from the plant leaves. The stevia plant is currently not accepted as a food plant or novel food in the EU.

4 Project work: Screen selections of stevia germplasm to identify best suited for organic cultivation in Denmark Develop a concept for the cultivation of organic stevia plants Methods of establishment, planting, fertilization, harvesting and drying conditions Monitor content and quality of steviol glycosides Select best combination of steviol glycosides (rebaudosides) for the green stevia product

5 Project work: Develop bio-friendly water based extraction of steviol glycosides Purification by membrane filtration rather than ion exchange

6 Legalization work: Organic Denmark, the food industry partners and the scientists involved will together with the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration apply for the acceptance of an organic stevia product at the EU authorities (Commission, EFSA). Marketing test production: Once authorisation for the use of green stevia in organic foods has been obtained, the product will be test-marketed by the Danish dairy company Thise Mejeri in collaboration with the Danish company Dairy Fruit A/S and finally introduced to the Danish and EU market. Funding: The Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark + Food industry

7 Screening of 'Stevia rebaudiana' germplasm 2014; clones and varieties Stevia screening 2014 Cv Gawi 3. October Soil: Sandy loam Fertilization: Grass/clover 2013

8 Denmark: 55 N; 10 E) Kienle J. Verbr. Lebensm. (2010) 5:

9 Denmark: 55 N; 10 E)

10 Germplasm collection for screening 2014 Number cv. Variety/clone cv. name Supplier/ origin 1 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 2 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 3 Morita II Stevia store, Paraguay 4 S. rebaudiana, Ever Stevia, Toronto, ON, Canada 5 S. rebaudiana JG-group, Brantford ON, Canada 6 S. rebaudiana MedHerbs, Wiesbaden, Germany 7 Gawi Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 C Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 E Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 10 F Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 11 S. rebaudiana Horizon Herb, US 12 Honigkraut Sperli samen, Lüneburg, Germany Plant material/type received Plants organic Seeds organic Seeds Seeds Dark clean Seeds Seeds (not cleaned) In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem Seeds (lot # 7185) Plants (from seeds) (2010) Initial amount 50 plants 5 g 20 g 20 g 1 g 10g 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 25 seeds 30 cuttings

11 Seed: cv 6 mix Morita II/ Eirete From Hortilab in vitro plants clone GAWI clone C clone E clone F 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants Kathrin Knafla hortilab Plinderheide 57, D Telgte, GERMANY Phone: +49-(0) Fax: +49-(0) kathrin.knafla@hortilab.de Peter Grosser, seed from Paraguay MedHerbs Aunelstrasse 70 D Wiesbaden Deutschland/Germany Telefon (+49) Fax (+49) Mail: info@medherbs.de DE-ÖKO-003

12

13

14

15

16 Table 2. Planting and harvest dates of different varieties and clones of Stevia rebaudiana in the screening trial Planting Number Variety/clone Number Planting date 1. harvest date 2. harvest date Time between harvests Date Date Date Days 1 1, 4, , 4, 6, , 8, 9, a 7, 8, 9, 10, b 3, 5, 11, ,

17 Table 2. Planting and harvest dates of different varieties and clones of Stevia rebaudiana in the screening trial Planting Number Variety/clone Number Planting date 1. harvest date 2. harvest date Time between harvests Date Date Date Days 1 1, 4, , 4, 6, , 8, 9, a 7, 8, 9, 10, b 3, 5, 11, ,

18 In the 1 st planting: Test of tunnels, PE and steel arches cv 4, Ever stevia, Canada Drip irrigation under, 10 mm every 3 rd day

19

20 Botanical data recorded Plant type leaf shape and size plant height branching flowering date Harvest by hand 5 cm over ground 6 m 2 ; 1 st & 2 nd harvest Yield, samples, DM Botanical data recorded

21 Here harvesting a field of organic peppermint Machine harvest possible Haldrup plot-harvester Here organic peppermint

22 Washing in tub and Spraying with clean water Drying in forced ventilation 40 C for one week Stripping leaves of stalks by hand

23 Analyses of steviol glykoside content 1)RebD, 2) RebA, 3) Stevioside, 4) RebF, 5) RebC, 6) Dulcoside, 7) Ruboside, 8) RebB, 9) Steviolbioside Dry leaves: Extraction: HPLC: 50 g milled to powder < 100 micron 100 mg extracted 3 times with 1.5 ml methanol (4.5 ml total) at 50 C, shaking 60 min; centrifugation and filtering Dionex Ultimate 3000 Series, DAD-3000 (RS) diode array detector, TCC-300SD column compartment, Kinetex 2.6u XB-C18 100A (150 x 4.6 mm ID) column Stevioside and rebaudoside A (Reb. A) as standards.

24 Results of stevia screening trials 2014

25 1 st planting: 1 st harvest 1 and 29 Sept.; 2 nd harvest 29 Sept. and 22 Oct.

26 1 st planting: 1 st harvest 1 and 29 Sept.; 2 nd harvest 29 Sept. and 22 Oct. 5.2% 9.2% 9.0% 4.3% Reb. A

27 German trials: Leaf yield 4 t/ha 2004: yield up to 6,8 t/ha

28 2 nd planting: 1 st harvest 29 Sept.; 2 nd harvest 22 Oct.

29 2 nd planting: 1 st harvest 29 Sept.; 2 nd harvest 22 Oct. 4.4% 6.3% 3.7% 3.5% 2.3%

30 3 rd planting: 1 st harvest 8 Oct.; 2 nd harvest 29 Oct.

31 3 rd planting: 1 st harvest 8 Oct.; 2 nd harvest 29 Oct. 6.3% 6.0% 2.2% 4.1%

32

33 Germplasm collection for screening 2014 continued trials Number cv. Variety/clone cv. name Supplier/ origin 1 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 2 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 3 Morita II Stevia store, Paraguay 4 S. rebaudiana, Ever Stevia, Toronto, ON, Canada 5 S. rebaudiana JG-group, Brantford ON, Canada 6 S. rebaudiana MedHerbs, Wiesbaden, Germany 7 Gawi Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 C Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 E Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 10 F Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 11 S. rebaudiana Horizon Herb, US 12 Honigkraut Sperli samen, Lüneburg, Germany Plant material/type received Plants organic Seeds organic Seeds Seeds Dark clean Seeds Seeds (not cleaned) In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem Seeds (lot # 7185) Plants (from seeds) (2010) Initial amount 50 plants 5 g 20 g 20 g 1 g 10g 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 25 seeds 30 cuttings

34 Germplasm collection for screening 2014 continued trials try again right planting time Number cv. Variety/clone cv. name Supplier/ origin 1 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 2 S. rebaudiana Pharmasaat, Artern, Germany 3 Morita II Stevia store, Paraguay 4 S. rebaudiana, Ever Stevia, Toronto, ON, Canada 5 S. rebaudiana JG-group, Brantford ON, Canada 6 S. rebaudiana MedHerbs, Wiesbaden, Germany 7 Gawi Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 C Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 8 E Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 10 F Hortilab, Telgte, Germany 11 S. rebaudiana Horizon Herb, US 12 Honigkraut Sperli samen, Lüneburg, Germany Plant material/type received Plants organic Seeds organic Seeds Seeds Dark clean Seeds Seeds (not cleaned) In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem In vitro/meristem Seeds (lot # 7185) Plants (from seeds) (2010) Initial amount 50 plants 5 g 20 g 20 g 1 g 10g 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 100 plants 25 seeds 30 cuttings

35 Legislation and EU/EFSA approval; Organic Denmark, AU, Food New report by EGTOT (Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production) on ion exchange Reflections of the Group / Balancing of arguments in the light of organic production principles May be allowed to use ion exchange in special products like baby food, Diabetic products

36

37

38 Legislation and EU/EFSA approval; Organic Denmark, AU, Food New report by EGTOT (Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production) on ion exchange Reflections of the Group / Balancing of arguments in the light of organic production principles May be allowed to use ion exchange in special products like baby food, Diabetic products We the project group and organic food companies - will try to use the light version of approval by the EU, Commission: i.e. approval of a similar product as E960 (>95 % pure), but with slightly modified processing and produced in line with organic principles i.e. no use of organic solvents (except ethanol) and no use of ion exchange

39

40 Legislation and EU/EFSA approval; Organic Denmark, AU, Food New report by EGTOT (Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production) on ion exchange Reflections of the Group / Balancing of arguments in the light of organic production principles May be allowed to use ion exchange in special products like baby food, Diabetic products We the project group and organic food companies - will try to use the light version of approval by the EU, Commission: i.e. approval of a similar product as E960 (>95 % pure), but with slightly modified processing and produced in line with organic principles i.e. no use of organic solvents (except ethanol) and no use of ion exchange Need to know exactly how the new additive is produced and what it consist of

41 Faculty of Science and Technology ARHUS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE Thank you and don t hesitate to visit us in Denmark Kirstinebjergvej Aarslev, Denmark Phone: Direct: / mobile kai.grevsen@food.au.dk Web: