STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL MATCHING: Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL MATCHING: Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term."

Transcription

1 REVIEW SHEET FOR CELLS TEST List of Terms that You Need To Know: Prokaryotic -- Eukaryotic -- Organelle Nucleus -- Nucleolus -- Cytoplasm Cell Membrane -- Mitochondria -- Ribosome Smooth and Rough ER -- Golgi Apparatus -- Lysosome Cytoskeleton -- Centriole -- Cilia Flagella -- Chloroplast -- Cell Wall Vacuole -- Passive Transport -- Active Transport Diffusion -- Osmosis -- Hypertonic Hypotonic -- Isotonic -- Sodium/Potassium Pumps Endocytosis -- Exocytosis -- Mitosis IPMAT -- Cytokinesis -- Cell Plate Chromosome -- Sister Chromatids -- Autosomal Chromosomes Sex Chromosomes -- Karyotype Gametes -- Homologous Pair Haploid -- Diploid -- Cancer How Cancer Cells Differ From Normal Cells -- Causes of Cancer Tumor -- Benign -- Malignant Metastasis -- Biopsy -- Radiation Therapy Chemotherapy -- Meiosis Organic -- Carbon Macromolecules -- Carbohydrates Monosaccharides -- Disaccharides -- Polysaccharides Lipids -- Saturated Fats -- Unsaturated Fats Proteins -- Amino Acids -- Carboxyl group Amino group -- R-group -- Nucleic Acids Keep in mind! This is just a BASIC list of new terms. Just knowing the definition of each is NOT enough. You need to know how these relate to each other and more specific details about each idea. The notes give you the detail you need to know for the exam. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL MATCHING: Write the correct letter in the blank before each numbered term. 1. mitochondria 2. endoplasmic reticulum 3. cell membrane 4. ribosome 5. cell 6. Golgi apparatus 7. nucleus 8. lysosome 9. chloroplast a. stores DNA b. digests molecules, old organelles, etc. c. site of protein synthesis d. transport system within the cell e. prepares proteins for export out of the cell f. regulates movement of substances into and out of cell g. makes ATP (cellular energy) from oxygen and glucose h. makes glucose from light, carbon dioxide, and water i. the basic unit of life

2 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL MULTIPLE CHOICE 10. What organelle would you expect to find a lot more of in muscles perhaps compared to other body tissues, since they perform a lot of work for the body? a. vacuoles b. mitochondria c. lysosomes d. nucleus 11. Short, hairlike organelles that can move and may cover a unicellular organism or line the respiratory tract are called a. chromatin strands. c. cilia. b. flagella. d. spindle fibers. 12. During diffusion, a. materials move from high to low concentration. b. materials move from low to high concentration. c. materials do not move at all. d. All of the above 13. If the molecular concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space, the substance a. has a large concentration gradient. c. will undergo diffusion. b. is in equilibrium. d. will undergo osmosis. 14. Movement of water across a cell membrane occurs a. from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution. b. from a hypertonic solution to a hypotonic solution. c. from an isotonic solution to another isotonic solution. d. through gated water channels. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL SHORT ANSWER 15. When is active transport necessary (two circumstances)? 16. The diagram below depicts a plant cell. Write the names of structures a e in the blanks. Which of these structures are found in plants but not in animals?

3 17. The diagram below depicts an animal cell. Write in the names of the structures CELL REPRODUCTION MATCHING - Write the correct letter in the blank space before each numbered term. 1. Haploid 2. prophase 3. asexual reproduction 4. interphase 5. meiosis 6. anaphase a. the phase of mitosis during which chromosomes move to opposite poles b. the time between cell divisions; normal cell activities c. creation of sex cells d. cells with half the normal chromosome numbers e. phase of mitosis when nucleus starts to break down f. the production of offspring from one parent

4 CELL REPRODUCTION MULTIPLE CHOICE 7. If an organism has 12 chromosomes in each body cell, how many chromosomes would you expect to find in the organism s gametes? a. 4 b. 6 c. 10 d During which phase of meiosis do chromosomes line up side by side in pairs in the center of the cell? a. metaphase I b. telophase I c. metaphase II d. anaphase II 9. The division of the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell is called a. mitosis. b. binary fission. c. cytokinesis. d. cytoplasmic streaming. 10. Spermatogenesis (the formation of sperm) results in a. four haploid cells. b. one large haploid cell and three small, non-used cells c. four diploid cells. d. two sperm cells and two small, non-used cells. 11. The end product of mitosis is a. two cells with half the chromosomes of the original cell. b. two cells with twice as many chromosomes as the original cell had. c. a new cell with an identical copy of the original cell s chromosome. d. a new cell with an independent assortment of the original cell s chromosomes. 12. What structure not found in animal cells forms along the midline of a dividing plant cell? a. cleavage furrow b. chloroplast c. cell plate d. kinetochore CELL REPRODUCTION SHORT ANSWER 13. List two ways that meiosis differs from mitosis. List two similarities. DRAWING CONCLUSIONS. Follow the directions given below. 14. The diagrams below depict stages of cell reproduction. Identify the stages by writing the correct term in each blank. Indicate the correct sequence of the phases by writing a number next to the name of the phase. Then answer the question. g. What type of cell division is depicted here? -- MITOSIS or MEIOSIS. Explain.

5 MORE PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1) You have eggs made up of 15% salt and 85% water. You put egg A into a beaker of distilled water. You put egg B into a beaker of 22% salt solution. You put egg C into a beaker of 15% salt solution. a. Is the solution that egg A sits in hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic? Why? b. Is the solution that egg B sits in hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic? Why? c. Is the solution that egg C sits in hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic? Why? d. Which way will the water flow in the situation with egg A? e. Which way will the water flow in the situation with egg B? f. Which way will the water flow in the situation with egg C? 2) What are the differences between plant cells and animal cells in terms of their structure? 3) Which cell parts are not functioning properly for each situation? a. Ebola virus causes liquids to ooze out of you. This is because the barrier to keep liquids in is weakened. b. Brown plants do not have these parts functioning properly c. Ed is hyperactive. He has too much energy being made by his cells and he doesn t know what to do with it d. Julia s skin is incredibly squishy and weak. This is because she has no internal support for her cells 4) What is the difference between active and passive transport?

6 5) Describe the structural differences between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell: What type of creature would have a prokaryotic cell? What type of creature would have a eukaryotic cell? 6) Cancer is a disease that results when the regular cycle of is altered. 7) Give 4 ways that cancer cells are different either physically or behaviorally from normal cells of the body. 8) List 3 things that could increase your chances of getting cancer: 9) Which cell division phase do cancer cells do spend as much time in compared to normal cells? 10) What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor? 11) If metastasis has occurred in the body, what type of tumor is likely in your body? 12) What procedure is used by physicians to sample cells of a tumor to determine if it is cancerous or not?: 13) If you have a cancer, name and describe 3 ways doctors could treat it:

7 14) What are the 4 major macromolecules of the human body?: 15) If a molecule is considered organic, it must contain the element of. 16) For each picture, identify what type of macromolecule it is:

8 17) Describe the difference in structure of a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid: 18) What are the 3 components to all types of nucleic acids? : 19) Draw out the general structure of an amino acid. For each branch of the amino acid from the main carbon atom, circle what is part of each branch and the name given for that part: 20) Describe how a monosaccharide, a dissacharide, and polysaccharide look different in structure. What is the defining feature of each one compared to each other?: 21) Given a description of a macromolecule, tell me if it fits the description of a lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, or protein: Has a long chain of only carbon and hydrogen: Is a ringed structure of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen: Has a phosphate group in it: Has a nitrogen bonded with 2-3 hydrogens off a carbon atom: The 2 types that have carboxyl groups: Is used in genetic molecules: Used for quick energy: Fits the general formula of CH 2 O: Contains a nitrogen based group with a sugar: Could be saturated or unsaturated: Made by stringing together many amino acids:

9 22) Here is a karyotype for an unknown organism: a) What is the diploid number of this organism: b) What is the haploid number of this organism: c) How many chromosomes would be in the gamete of this species?: d) What is the 2n number of this organism?: e) How many autosomal chromosomes does the species have? f) How many sex chromosomes does the species have? g) What is the n number for this organism?: h) Is this a male or a female?: i) What is the haploid number for humans?: j) What is the diploid number for humans?: 23) What is the difference between an autosomal chromosome and a sex chromosome? 24) What does a single non-duplicated chromosome look like?: What does a single duplicated chromosome look like? What is each duplicated piece of a single duplicated chromosome called: What is the pair of the same number chromosome called (a pair of chromosomes one from mother and one from father)?:

Cell Growth and Reproduction Module B, Anchor 1

Cell Growth and Reproduction Module B, Anchor 1 Cell Growth and Reproduction Module B, Anchor 1 Key Concepts: - The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA. In addition, a larger cell is less efficient in moving nutrients

More information

Anatomy and Physiology Placement Exam 2 Practice with Answers at End!

Anatomy and Physiology Placement Exam 2 Practice with Answers at End! Anatomy and Physiology Placement Exam 2 Practice with Answers at End! General Chemical Principles 1. bonds are characterized by the sharing of electrons between the participating atoms. a. hydrogen b.

More information

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Function CHAPTER 3 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Vocabulary Practice cell theory vacuole concentration gradient cytoplasm lysosome osmosis organelle centriole isotonic prokaryotic cell cell wall hypertonic eukaryotic

More information

Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell. 1. Cell Basics. Limits to Cell Size. 1. Cell Basics. 2. Prokaryotic Cells. 3. Eukaryotic Cells

Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell. 1. Cell Basics. Limits to Cell Size. 1. Cell Basics. 2. Prokaryotic Cells. 3. Eukaryotic Cells Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell 1. Cell Basics 2. Prokaryotic Cells 3. Eukaryotic Cells 1. Cell Basics Limits to Cell Size There are 2 main reasons why cells are so small: If cells get too large: 1) there

More information

Cells & Cell Organelles

Cells & Cell Organelles Cells & Cell Organelles The Building Blocks of Life H Biology Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal cell

More information

MCAS Biology. Review Packet

MCAS Biology. Review Packet MCAS Biology Review Packet 1 Name Class Date 1. Define organic. THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE 2. All living things are made up of 6 essential elements: SPONCH. Name the six elements of life. S N P C O H 3. Elements

More information

www.njctl.org PSI Biology Mitosis & Meiosis

www.njctl.org PSI Biology Mitosis & Meiosis Mitosis and Meiosis Mitosis Classwork 1. Identify two differences between meiosis and mitosis. 2. Provide an example of a type of cell in the human body that would undergo mitosis. 3. Does cell division

More information

LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS Los Angeles Mission College Biology 3 Name: Date: INTRODUCTION BINARY FISSION: Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) reproduce asexually by binary fission. Bacterial

More information

List, describe, diagram, and identify the stages of meiosis.

List, describe, diagram, and identify the stages of meiosis. Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles In this topic we will examine a second type of cell division used by eukaryotic cells: meiosis. In addition, we will see how the 2 types of eukaryotic cell division, mitosis

More information

7.2 Cell Structure. Lesson Objectives. Lesson Summary. Cell Organization Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and many specialized structures.

7.2 Cell Structure. Lesson Objectives. Lesson Summary. Cell Organization Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and many specialized structures. 7.2 Cell Structure Lesson Objectives Describe the structure and function of the cell nucleus. Describe the role of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the cytoskeleton. Identify the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic

More information

Chapter 3. Cellular Structure and Function Worksheets. 39 www.ck12.org

Chapter 3. Cellular Structure and Function Worksheets. 39 www.ck12.org Chapter 3 Cellular Structure and Function Worksheets (Opening image copyright by Sebastian Kaulitzki, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com.) Lesson 3.1: Introduction to Cells Lesson 3.2: Cell

More information

Biology Chapter 7 Practice Test

Biology Chapter 7 Practice Test Biology Chapter 7 Practice Test Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. The work of Schleiden and Schwann can be summarized by

More information

Meiosis is a special form of cell division.

Meiosis is a special form of cell division. Page 1 of 6 KEY CONCEPT Meiosis is a special form of cell division. BEFORE, you learned Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from both parents

More information

1. When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells

1. When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells Cell Growth and Reproduction 1. When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells A. is half of that of the parent cell. B. remains the same as in the

More information

Multiple Choice Questions

Multiple Choice Questions Chapter 5 THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following can be made into crystal? (a) A Bacterium (b) An Amoeba (c) A Virus (d) A Sperm 2. A cell will swell up if (a)

More information

Cell and Membrane Practice. A. chromosome B. gene C. mitochondrion D. vacuole

Cell and Membrane Practice. A. chromosome B. gene C. mitochondrion D. vacuole Name: ate: 1. Which structure is outside the nucleus of a cell and contains N?. chromosome. gene. mitochondrion. vacuole 2. potato core was placed in a beaker of water as shown in the figure below. Which

More information

Lecture 7 Mitosis & Meiosis

Lecture 7 Mitosis & Meiosis Lecture 7 Mitosis & Meiosis Cell Division Essential for body growth and tissue repair Interphase G 1 phase Primary cell growth phase S phase DNA replication G 2 phase Microtubule synthesis Mitosis Nuclear

More information

Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle

Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Name Period Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Overview: 1. What are the three key roles of cell division? State each role, and give an example. Key Role Example 2. What is meant by the cell cycle? Concept 12.1

More information

Look for these related items from Learning Resources :

Look for these related items from Learning Resources : Look for these related items from Learning Resources : LER 1901 Cross Section Plant Cell LER 1902 Cross Section Heart Model LER 1903 Cross Section Brain Model LER 2437 Cross Section Earth Model For a dealer

More information

CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS

CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact structures called chromosomes. These are rod-shaped structures made

More information

The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis

The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis Learning objective This learning material is about the life cycle of a cell and the series of stages by which genetic materials are duplicated and partitioned to produce

More information

Date: Student Name: Teacher Name: Jared George. Score: 1) A cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with a 5% solute concentration.

Date: Student Name: Teacher Name: Jared George. Score: 1) A cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with a 5% solute concentration. Biology Keystone (PA Core) Quiz Homeostasis and Transport - (BIO.A.4.1.1 ) Plasma Membrane, (BIO.A.4.1.2 ) Transport Mechanisms, (BIO.A.4.1.3 ) Transport Facilitation Student Name: Teacher Name: Jared

More information

Cell Division CELL DIVISION. Mitosis. Designation of Number of Chromosomes. Homologous Chromosomes. Meiosis

Cell Division CELL DIVISION. Mitosis. Designation of Number of Chromosomes. Homologous Chromosomes. Meiosis Cell Division CELL DIVISION Anatomy and Physiology Text and Laboratory Workbook, Stephen G. Davenport, Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved, no part of this publication can be used for any commercial purpose.

More information

Keystone Review Practice Test Module A Cells and Cell Processes. 1. Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Keystone Review Practice Test Module A Cells and Cell Processes. 1. Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Keystone Review Practice Test Module A Cells and Cell Processes 1. Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. Ability to store hereditary information b. Use of organelles to control

More information

Use of the Microscope and Cytology

Use of the Microscope and Cytology Use of the Microscope and Cytology Introduction: A true study of anatomy not only considers the large, visible structures of an organism, but also the small structures that provide the organism its form

More information

Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:

Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose

More information

Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle

Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Name Period Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Overview: 1. What are the three key roles of cell division? State each role, and give an example. Key Role Reproduction Growth and development Tissue removal Example

More information

THE HISTORY OF CELL BIOLOGY

THE HISTORY OF CELL BIOLOGY SECTION 4-1 REVIEW THE HISTORY OF CELL BIOLOGY Define the following terms. 1. cell 2. cell theory Write the correct letter in the blank. 1. One early piece of evidence supporting the cell theory was the

More information

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Name Period Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know. Define: gene locus gamete male gamete female

More information

Homeostasis and Transport Module A Anchor 4

Homeostasis and Transport Module A Anchor 4 Homeostasis and Transport Module A Anchor 4 Key Concepts: - Buffers play an important role in maintaining homeostasis in organisms. - To maintain homeostasis, unicellular organisms grow, respond to the

More information

Cellular Structure and Function

Cellular Structure and Function Chapter Test A CHAPTER 7 Cellular Structure and Function Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question. 1. Which defines a cell?

More information

Cell Division and Mitosis DNA. Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis. 2. Meiosis occurs in the reproductive organs, producing four haploid sex cells.

Cell Division and Mitosis DNA. Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis. 2. Meiosis occurs in the reproductive organs, producing four haploid sex cells. ell Division and Mitosis 1. he life cycle of a cell has two parts growth and development, and cell division. 2. In mitosis, the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei. Mitosis occurs in four continuous

More information

Name Date Period. 2. When a molecule of double-stranded DNA undergoes replication, it results in

Name Date Period. 2. When a molecule of double-stranded DNA undergoes replication, it results in DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Keystone 1. During the process shown above, the two strands of one DNA molecule are unwound. Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results

More information

How Well Do You Know Your Cells?

How Well Do You Know Your Cells? How Well Do You Know Your Cells? Complete each sentence below with words from the box. One word will not be used. cells cell membrane cell walls chloroplasts cytoplasm Hooke Leeuwenhoek mitochondria nucleus

More information

Objective: On a team of no more than (2). Build to illustrate a 3D model of a PLANT or ANIMAL cell. 10 pts.

Objective: On a team of no more than (2). Build to illustrate a 3D model of a PLANT or ANIMAL cell. 10 pts. THE CELL model: Activity 4.1 Science / Biology Objective: On a team of no more than (2). Build to illustrate a 3D model of a PLANT or ANIMAL cell. - Your models should clearly demonstrate the following

More information

1. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually reproducing eukaryotes?

1. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually reproducing eukaryotes? Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 1. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually reproducing eukaryotes? 2. Define: gamete zygote meiosis homologous chromosomes diploid haploid

More information

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Name Period Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know.

More information

3120-1 - Page 1. Name:

3120-1 - Page 1. Name: Name: 1) Which series is arranged in correct order according to decreasing size of structures? A) DNA, nucleus, chromosome, nucleotide, nitrogenous base B) chromosome, nucleus, nitrogenous base, nucleotide,

More information

Lecture 4 Cell Membranes & Organelles

Lecture 4 Cell Membranes & Organelles Lecture 4 Cell Membranes & Organelles Structure of Animal Cells The Phospholipid Structure Phospholipid structure Encases all living cells Its basic structure is represented by the fluidmosaic model Phospholipid

More information

Sexual Reproduction. The specialized cells that are required for sexual reproduction are known as. And come from the process of: GAMETES

Sexual Reproduction. The specialized cells that are required for sexual reproduction are known as. And come from the process of: GAMETES Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction We know all about asexual reproduction 1. Only one parent required. 2. Offspring are identical to parents. 3. The cells that produce the offspring are not usually

More information

Chapter 3. Cell Division. Laboratory Activities Activity 3.1: Mock Mitosis Activity 3.2: Mitosis in Onion Cells Activity 3.

Chapter 3. Cell Division. Laboratory Activities Activity 3.1: Mock Mitosis Activity 3.2: Mitosis in Onion Cells Activity 3. Chapter 3 Cell Division Laboratory Activities Activity 3.1: Mock Mitosis Activity 3.2: Mitosis in Onion Cells Activity 3.3: Mock Meiosis Goals Following this exercise students should be able to Recognize

More information

Given these characteristics of life, which of the following objects is considered a living organism? W. X. Y. Z.

Given these characteristics of life, which of the following objects is considered a living organism? W. X. Y. Z. Cell Structure and Organization 1. All living things must possess certain characteristics. They are all composed of one or more cells. They can grow, reproduce, and pass their genes on to their offspring.

More information

Cell Unit Practice Test #1

Cell Unit Practice Test #1 ell Unit Practice Test #1 Name: ate: 1. Which organelle is primarily concerned with the conversion of potential energy of organic compounds into suitable form for immediate use by the cell?. mitochondria.

More information

From DNA to Protein

From DNA to Protein Nucleus Control center of the cell contains the genetic library encoded in the sequences of nucleotides in molecules of DNA code for the amino acid sequences of all proteins determines which specific proteins

More information

Membrane Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function Membrane Structure and Function Part A Multiple Choice 1. The fluid mosaic model describes membranes as having A. a set of protein channels separated by phospholipids. B. a bilayer of phospholipids in

More information

Cell Structure & Function!

Cell Structure & Function! Cell Structure & Function! Chapter 3! The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not 'Eureka!' but 'That's funny.! -- Isaac Asimov Animal Cell Plant Cell Cell

More information

Biology I. Chapter 7

Biology I. Chapter 7 Biology I Chapter 7 Interest Grabber NOTEBOOK #1 Are All Cells Alike? All living things are made up of cells. Some organisms are composed of only one cell. Other organisms are made up of many cells. 1.

More information

Week 1 EOC Review Cell Theory, Cell Structure, Cell Transport

Week 1 EOC Review Cell Theory, Cell Structure, Cell Transport Week 1 EOC Review Cell Theory, Cell Structure, Cell Transport Benchmarks: SC.912.L.14.1 Describe the scientific theory of cells (cell theory) and relate the history of its discovery to the processes of

More information

Review of the Cell and Its Organelles

Review of the Cell and Its Organelles Biology Learning Centre Review of the Cell and Its Organelles Tips for most effective learning of this material: Memorize the names and structures over several days. This will help you retain what you

More information

Cell Division Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

Cell Division Mitosis and the Cell Cycle Cell Division Mitosis and the Cell Cycle A Chromosome and Sister Chromatids Key Points About Chromosome Structure A chromosome consists of DNA that is wrapped around proteins (histones) and condensed Each

More information

Do Not Write on this Quiz Paper (südamlik aitäh)

Do Not Write on this Quiz Paper (südamlik aitäh) 1. This makes ribosomes. Cell Organelle Quiz Do Not Write on this Quiz Paper (südamlik aitäh) a. Rough ER c. Golgi apparatus (body) b. Nucleolus d. Mitochondria 2. This is an energy producing organelle.

More information

Chapter 2: Cell Structure and Function pg. 70-107

Chapter 2: Cell Structure and Function pg. 70-107 UNIT 1: Biochemistry Chapter 2: Cell Structure and Function pg. 70-107 Organelles are internal structures that carry out specialized functions, interacting and complementing each other. Animal and plant

More information

Cytology. Living organisms are made up of cells. Either PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cells.

Cytology. Living organisms are made up of cells. Either PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cells. CYTOLOGY Cytology Living organisms are made up of cells. Either PROKARYOTIC or EUKARYOTIC cells. A. two major cell types B. distinguished by structural organization See table on handout for differences.

More information

Bacterial (Prokaryotic) Cell. Common features of all cells. Tour of the Cell. Eukaryotic Cell. Plasma Membrane defines inside from outside

Bacterial (Prokaryotic) Cell. Common features of all cells. Tour of the Cell. Eukaryotic Cell. Plasma Membrane defines inside from outside www.denniskunkel.com Tour of the Cell www.denniskunkel.com Today s Topics Properties of all cells Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Functions of Major Cellular Organelles Information, Synthesis&Transport,, Vesicles

More information

If and when cancer cells stop dividing, they do so at random points, not at the normal checkpoints in the cell cycle.

If and when cancer cells stop dividing, they do so at random points, not at the normal checkpoints in the cell cycle. Cancer cells have escaped from cell cycle controls Cancer cells divide excessively and invade other tissues because they are free of the body s control mechanisms. Cancer cells do not stop dividing when

More information

The Cell Interior and Function

The Cell Interior and Function The Cell Interior and Function 5 5.0 CHAPTER PREVIEW Investigate and understand the organization and function of the cell interior. Define the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structure.

More information

AS BIOLOGY UNITS. Cell division is a fundamental process, necessary for reproduction, growth and repair.

AS BIOLOGY UNITS. Cell division is a fundamental process, necessary for reproduction, growth and repair. AS BIOLOGY UNITS Unit F211 Cells, Exchange and Transport Module 1 Cells Cells are the basic units of all living things. Organisms function because of communication and co-operation between specialised

More information

Biological cell membranes

Biological cell membranes Unit 14: Cell biology. 14 2 Biological cell membranes The cell surface membrane surrounds the cell and acts as a barrier between the cell s contents and the environment. The cell membrane has multiple

More information

CCR Biology - Chapter 5 Practice Test - Summer 2012

CCR Biology - Chapter 5 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 5 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. If a cell cannot move enough material

More information

Cellular Reproduction

Cellular Reproduction 9 Cellular Reproduction section 1 Cellular Growth Before You Read Think about the life cycle of a human. On the lines below, write some of the stages that occur in the life cycle of a human. In this section,

More information

Comparing Plant And Animal Cells

Comparing Plant And Animal Cells Comparing Plant And Animal Cells http://khanacademy.org/video?v=hmwvj9x4gny Plant Cells shape - most plant cells are squarish or rectangular in shape. amyloplast (starch storage organelle)- an organelle

More information

Biology I New Summit School High School Diploma Program

Biology I New Summit School High School Diploma Program Course Description: Biology I Syllabus Biology I is a two semester course. Students completing this course will earn 1.0 unit upon completion. Required Materials: 1. Student Text: Biology-Principles and

More information

tissues are made of cells that work together, organs are )

tissues are made of cells that work together, organs are ) Study Guide Cells Unit Test Matching. Write the letter of the correct response on the line. You may use the responses more than once. A. proteins B. simple carbohydrates C. complex carbohydrates D. lipids

More information

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Concept 1 - Thinking Practice 1. If the following molecules were to undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction, what molecules would result? Circle the parts of each amino acid that will interact and draw

More information

PRESTWICK ACADEMY NATIONAL 5 BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY SUMMARY

PRESTWICK ACADEMY NATIONAL 5 BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY SUMMARY Name PRESTWICK ACADEMY NATIONAL 5 BIOLOGY CELL BIOLOGY SUMMARY Cell Structure Identify animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell ultrastructure and know the structures functions. Plant cell Animal cell

More information

Six major functions of membrane proteins: Transport Enzymatic activity

Six major functions of membrane proteins: Transport Enzymatic activity CH 7 Membranes Cellular Membranes Phospholipids are the most abundant lipid in the plasma membrane. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules, containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. The fluid mosaic

More information

Appendix C DNA Replication & Mitosis

Appendix C DNA Replication & Mitosis K.Muma Bio 6 Appendix C DNA Replication & Mitosis Study Objectives: Appendix C: DNA replication and Mitosis 1. Describe the structure of DNA and where it is found. 2. Explain complimentary base pairing:

More information

Bio 101 Section 001: Practice Questions for First Exam

Bio 101 Section 001: Practice Questions for First Exam Do the Practice Exam under exam conditions. Time yourself! MULTIPLE CHOICE: 1. The substrate fits in the of an enzyme: (A) allosteric site (B) active site (C) reaction groove (D) Golgi body (E) inhibitor

More information

The Living Cell from the Biology: The Science of Life Series. Pre-Test

The Living Cell from the Biology: The Science of Life Series. Pre-Test 1 Pre-Test Directions: Answer each question TRUE OR FALSE. 1. The instructions for making proteins are stored in molecules of DNA. 2. Proteins are made in the nucleus. 3. All cells are surrounded by a

More information

BioSci 2200 General Genetics Problem Set 1 Answer Key Introduction and Mitosis/ Meiosis

BioSci 2200 General Genetics Problem Set 1 Answer Key Introduction and Mitosis/ Meiosis BioSci 2200 General Genetics Problem Set 1 Answer Key Introduction and Mitosis/ Meiosis Introduction - Fields of Genetics To answer the following question, review the three traditional subdivisions of

More information

CODE: BIOL 101 TITLE: General Biology I

CODE: BIOL 101 TITLE: General Biology I CODE: BIOL 101 TITLE: General Biology I Institute: STEM DEPARTMENT: Biology COURSE DESCRIPTION: This introductory level course is designed for science majors and for students in other majors that require

More information

1.1.2. thebiotutor. AS Biology OCR. Unit F211: Cells, Exchange & Transport. Module 1.2 Cell Membranes. Notes & Questions.

1.1.2. thebiotutor. AS Biology OCR. Unit F211: Cells, Exchange & Transport. Module 1.2 Cell Membranes. Notes & Questions. thebiotutor AS Biology OCR Unit F211: Cells, Exchange & Transport Module 1.2 Cell Membranes Notes & Questions Andy Todd 1 Outline the roles of membranes within cells and at the surface of cells. The main

More information

Introduction to the Cell: Plant and Animal Cells

Introduction to the Cell: Plant and Animal Cells Introduction to the Cell: Plant and Animal Cells Tissues, Organs, and Systems of Living Things Cells, Cell Division, and Animal Systems and Plant Systems Cell Specialization Human Systems All organisms

More information

5. The cells of a multicellular organism, other than gametes and the germ cells from which it develops, are known as

5. The cells of a multicellular organism, other than gametes and the germ cells from which it develops, are known as 1. True or false? The chi square statistical test is used to determine how well the observed genetic data agree with the expectations derived from a hypothesis. True 2. True or false? Chromosomes in prokaryotic

More information

Biology 101 Chapter 4 Cells as the Basic Unit of Life. The Cell Theory Major Contributors: Galileo = first observations made with a microscope

Biology 101 Chapter 4 Cells as the Basic Unit of Life. The Cell Theory Major Contributors: Galileo = first observations made with a microscope Biology 101 Chapter 4 Cells as the Basic Unit of Life The Cell Theory Major Contributors: Galileo = first observations made with a microscope Robert Hooke = first to observe small compartments in dead

More information

CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR REPRODUCTION P. 243-257

CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR REPRODUCTION P. 243-257 CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR REPRODUCTION P. 243-257 SECTION 9-1 CELLULAR GROWTH Page 244 ESSENTIAL QUESTION Why is it beneficial for cells to remain small? MAIN IDEA Cells grow until they reach their size limit,

More information

Osmosis, Diffusion and Cell Transport

Osmosis, Diffusion and Cell Transport Osmosis, Diffusion and Cell Transport Types of Transport There are 3 types of transport in cells: 1. Passive Transport: does not use the cell s energy in bringing materials in & out of the cell 2. Active

More information

Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Organelles in Animal & Plant Cells Why are organelles important and how are plants and animals different?

Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Organelles in Animal & Plant Cells Why are organelles important and how are plants and animals different? Why? Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Organelles in Animal & Plant Cells Why are organelles important and how are plants and animals different? The cell is the basic unit and building block of all living things.

More information

Biology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA

Biology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA Page 1 of 5 Biology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA Genetics Exercise: Understanding how meiosis affects genetic inheritance and DNA patterns

More information

Respiration occurs in the mitochondria in cells.

Respiration occurs in the mitochondria in cells. B3 Question Which process occurs in the mitochondria in cells? Why do the liver and muscle cells have large number of mitochondria? What is the function of the ribosomes? Answer Respiration occurs in the

More information

AS Biology Unit 2 Key Terms and Definitions. Make sure you use these terms when answering exam questions!

AS Biology Unit 2 Key Terms and Definitions. Make sure you use these terms when answering exam questions! AS Biology Unit 2 Key Terms and Definitions Make sure you use these terms when answering exam questions! Chapter 7 Variation 7.1 Random Sampling Sampling a population to eliminate bias e.g. grid square

More information

A disaccharide is formed when a dehydration reaction joins two monosaccharides. This covalent bond is called a glycosidic linkage.

A disaccharide is formed when a dehydration reaction joins two monosaccharides. This covalent bond is called a glycosidic linkage. CH 5 Structure & Function of Large Molecules: Macromolecules Molecules of Life All living things are made up of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic

More information

Plant and Animal Cells

Plant and Animal Cells Plant and Animal Cells a. Explain that cells take in nutrients in order to grow, divide and to make needed materials. S7L2a b. Relate cell structures (cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, and

More information

Lecture Overview. Hydrogen Bonds. Special Properties of Water Molecules. Universal Solvent. ph Scale Illustrated. special properties of water

Lecture Overview. Hydrogen Bonds. Special Properties of Water Molecules. Universal Solvent. ph Scale Illustrated. special properties of water Lecture Overview special properties of water > water as a solvent > ph molecules of the cell > properties of carbon > carbohydrates > lipids > proteins > nucleic acids Hydrogen Bonds polarity of water

More information

CHAPTER 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION

CHAPTER 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION CHAPTER 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION Cell division is an inherent property of living organisms. It is a process in which cells reproduce their own kind. The growth, differentiation, reproduction and

More information

Lecture 11 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Lecture 11 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Lecture 11 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis In this lecture Cell division Chromosomes The cell cycle Mitosis PPMAT Apoptosis What is cell division? Cells divide in order to reproduce themselves The cell cycle

More information

Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Name Period Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Circle the three classes that are called

More information

Biology 3A Laboratory MITOSIS Asexual Reproduction

Biology 3A Laboratory MITOSIS Asexual Reproduction Biology 3A Laboratory MITOSIS Asexual Reproduction OBJECTIVE To study the cell cycle and understand how, when and why cells divide. To study and identify the major stages of cell division. To relate the

More information

Compartmentalization of the Cell. Objectives. Recommended Reading. Professor Alfred Cuschieri. Department of Anatomy University of Malta

Compartmentalization of the Cell. Objectives. Recommended Reading. Professor Alfred Cuschieri. Department of Anatomy University of Malta Compartmentalization of the Cell Professor Alfred Cuschieri Department of Anatomy University of Malta Objectives By the end of this session the student should be able to: 1. Identify the different organelles

More information

4.2 Meiosis. Meiosis is a reduction division. Assessment statements. The process of meiosis

4.2 Meiosis. Meiosis is a reduction division. Assessment statements. The process of meiosis 4.2 Meiosis Assessment statements State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei. Define homologous chromosomes. Outline the process of meiosis, including pairing

More information

Ch. 8 - The Cell Membrane

Ch. 8 - The Cell Membrane Ch. 8 - The Cell Membrane 2007-2008 Phospholipids Phosphate head hydrophilic Fatty acid tails hydrophobic Arranged as a bilayer Phosphate attracted to water Fatty acid repelled by water Aaaah, one of those

More information

Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9

Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types

More information

the plant & animal cell

the plant & animal cell 6.1 Basic unit of life Biology Biology Structure & functions of 06 the plant & animal cell In 1665, Robert Hooke observed a section of a cork using a microscope prepared by him. He discovered a structure

More information

Eukaryotes. www.njctl.org PSI Biology Eukaryotes & Gene Expression

Eukaryotes. www.njctl.org PSI Biology Eukaryotes & Gene Expression Eukaryotes The Eukaryotic Cell Classwork 1. Identify two characteristics that are shared by all cells. 2. Suppose you are investigating a cell that contains a nucleus. Would you categorize this cell as

More information

Elements in Biological Molecules

Elements in Biological Molecules Chapter 3: Biological Molecules 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids Elements in Biological Molecules Biological macromolecules are made almost entirely of just 6 elements: Carbon (C)

More information

Chapter 8. Movement across the Cell Membrane. AP Biology

Chapter 8. Movement across the Cell Membrane. AP Biology Chapter 8. Movement across the Cell Membrane More than just a barrier Expanding our view of cell membrane beyond just a phospholipid bilayer barrier phospholipids plus Fluid Mosaic Model In 1972, S.J.

More information

Plasma Membrane hydrophilic polar heads

Plasma Membrane hydrophilic polar heads The Parts of the Cell 3 main parts in ALL cells: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material this is about the parts of a generic eukaryotic cell Plasma Membrane -is a fluid mosaic model membrane is fluid

More information

Lesson Aim To explain the human body at a microscopic level, including the structure and function of cells, tissues and membranes.

Lesson Aim To explain the human body at a microscopic level, including the structure and function of cells, tissues and membranes. LESSON 1. CELLS & TISSUES Lesson Aim To explain the human body at a microscopic level, including the structure and function of cells, tissues and membranes. THE CELL All living matter is composed of functional

More information

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Function Bio 100 - Cells 1 Cell Structure and Function Tenets of Cell Theory 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells 2. Cells are the basic living units within organisms, and the chemical reactions

More information

The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens

The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Rooting for Mitosis Overview Students will fix, stain, and make slides of onion root tips. These slides will be examined for the presence

More information