Day 3 SCIENCE Assessment

Transcription

1 Day 3 SCIENCE Assessment

2 1) Earth s core is made mostly of what substance? (a) liquid silicon (b) solid titanium (c) liquid and solid iron (d) liquid and solid carbon

3 2) Earth s plates move and sometimes collide, causing the folding of rock layers. Which feature is caused by the collisions of these plates? (a) mountains (b) rift valleys (c) rolling plains (d) ocean trenches

4 3) Which is the BEST description of the layer of Earth labeled A in the diagram below? (a) contains hot liquid minerals (b) composed of solid iron and nickel (c) exposed to high temperature and pressure (d) made up of brittle, rocky, slowmoving plates

5 4) The manager of a park is concerned about an endangered species of bat. He decides to help the species by placing many bat houses in the woods, far away from the trails. The budget for buying the houses is small, so he would like to house as many bats as possible in one house. The table below shows the bat house designs available for him to buy. Which design would be the BEST choice given the manager s goals? (a) design 1 (b) design 2 (c) design 3 (d) design 4 DESIGN Cost per House Number of Bats that Can Use Each House Attractiveness to People 1 $200 Up to 300 High 2 $75 Up to 200 Low 3 $50 Up to 50 High 4 $70 Up to 100 Medium

6 5) The graph below shows the distances and times that Enrique ran during the first part of a cross-country race. During which time interval of the race did Enrique run the fastest? (a) from 0 to 25 seconds (b) from 25 to 35 seconds (c) from 35 to 55 seconds (d) from 55 to 75 seconds

7 6) These fossils were found in rocks at the top of a mountain. Which of the following statements MOST LIKELY explains why these fossils were at the top of a mountain? (a) The mountain was once in a desert. (b) Prehistoric people carried the shells to the top of the mountain. (c) Ocean sediments became rock and then were raised when the mountain formed. (d) Birds carried these animals to the mountaintop where they eventually formed fossils.

8 7) Which of these BEST describes how a sinkhole forms? (a) Hot gases from magma melt the rock, causing the ground to collapse. (b) Too much rock inside a cave dissolves, causing the cave s roof to collapse. (c) The sides of the riverbank are washed away, leaving a hole in the riverbank. (d) Water is pumped out of the ground too quickly, causing the ground to collapse.

9 8) Which land feature is formed by two oceanic tectonic plates diverging? (a) mid-ocean ridge (b) volcanic island arc (c) continental volcanoes (d) continental mountain range

10 9) Computers are able to collect and analyze large amounts of data and organize it for further use. Which statement BEST describes how computers have affected the scientific community? (a) They have made completing experiments more difficult. (b) They have caused scientific theories to become more creative. (c) They have made the results of science experiments less accurate. (d) They have increased the amount of information available to scientists.

11 10) Which of these results in the formation of mountains? (a) the collision of two continental plates (b) the impact of an asteroid hitting the surface of Earth (c) the deposition of sediment layers over millions of years (d) the buildup of dust and rock particles from the original formation of Earth

12 11) The diagram below shows different layers of Earth. Which of these BEST describes what the arrows in Layer 2 represent? (a) heat moving into the core (b) the movement of magma in the mantle (c) the release of lava in volcanoes on the crust (d) water cycling through the different Earth layers

13 12) A city is building a new multi-story parking structure. Several designs for the structure have been proposed. Money spent on the parking structure cannot be used for other city needs. Which design would be the MOST REASONABLE choice given these constraints? (a) a design that is very safe, very attractive, and very expensive (b) a design that is inexpensive, moderately safe, and unattractive (c) a design that is very safe, moderately priced, and somewhat attractive (d) a design that is very attractive, moderately safe, and moderately priced

14 13) The Ring of Fire is a chain of volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean. What created this pattern of volcanic activity? (a) oceanic plates colliding and sliding past each other (b) continental plates colliding and sliding past each other (c) oceanic plates colliding and subducting under continental plates (d) continental plates colliding and subducting under continental plates

15 14) John is making a model of the Solar System for a science project at school. Which of the following should John keep in mind while constructing his model? (a) The model of Earth should be larger than the model of Jupiter. (b) The model of the Sun should be larger than the model of Earth. (c) The model of Earth should be larger than the model of the Sun. (d) The model of Jupiter should be larger than the model of the Sun.

16 15) Eric wanted to find out the melting point of candle wax. He recorded the temperatures at which four candles melted. His observations are shown in the table below. Which statement is the MOST LIKELY explanation of why Eric observed different melting temperatures? (a) The candles were different colors. (b) The candles had different masses. (c) The candles had different volumes. (d) The candles were made of different types of waxes. Candle Melting Point in Celcius

17 16) Professor Gallardo studies rocks. On one cliff, he found an older rock layer located above a younger rock layer. How did this situation MOST LIKELY occur? (a) Folding and faulting rearranged the rocks. (b) Molten rock spread out beneath existing rock. (c) The younger rocks sank by gravity below the older rocks. (d) The older rocks eroded more rapidly than the younger rocks.

18 17) A great amount of soil is eroded from hilly areas during the rainy season. Which change is MOST LIKELY to occur as a result of soil erosion? (a) avalanche (b) earthquake (c) landslide (d) sinkhole

19 18) In the early nineteenth century, atoms were thought to be the smallest physical particles. Advancements in technology have shown that atoms contain smaller particles, such as electrons. Which of these is the BEST conclusion about scientific theories? (a) New scientific theories can improve on existing theories. (b) Scientific theories generally take hundreds of years to become correct. (c) Scientific theories are always misunderstood when they are first made. (d) New scientific theories always prove that existing theories are incorrect.

20 19) Which of these processes caused many of Earth s mountain ranges to form? (a) an instant process of meteorites colliding with Earth s surface (b) a slow process of tectonic plates colliding over millions of years (c) a rapid process of tectonic plates colliding over thousands of years (d) a gradual process of meteorites accumulating as Earth was formed

21 20) What do scientists think is the source of energy that causes the movement of Earth s lithospheric plates? (a) energy radiating from the Sun (b) energy from Earth s magnetic poles (c) energy from heat convection in the mantle (d) energy released by volcanoes and earthquakes

22 21) The following table shows the density for different layers of Earth at both the top and bottom of each layer. After examining this information, what two conclusions could be drawn from the data? (a) The density of Earth increases toward its center, and at the center is an inner core whose density cannot be accurately determined. (b) The density of Earth increases from the crust to the core, and the density jumps in value as each new layer is encountered. (c) The crust of Earth is less dense than the mantle, which is less dense than the core, and each layer has a uniform density. (d) The density of Earth increases from one side of the planet to the opposite side, and each layer is equally thick. LAYER DENSITY Upper Crust 2.2 Lower Crust 2.9 Upper Mantle 3.4 Lower Mantle 5.6 Upper Core 9.9 Lower Core 13.1

23 22) Beatrice is studying the effects of sediment deposits on river systems. Which factor directly contributes to the increase of sediments in rivers? (a) depth of the river (b) level of ground water (c) runoff from precipitation (d) evaporation from the soil

24 23) Look at the topographic map shown below. In which direction is water MOST LIKELY to flow on this landscape? (a) from point 1 to point 2 (b) from point 2 to point 3 (c) from point 2 to point 4 (d) from point 3 to point 4

25 24) The San Francisco Bay area experienced a large earthquake in This earthquake occurred along the San Andreas Fault system. What causes earthquakes along this fault system? (a) the eruption of nearby volcanoes (b) a sudden movement of tectonic plates (c) the smooth movement of tectonic plates (d) a movement of the hot spot in the mantle

26 25) A student in a physical science class is studying the motion of two cars. The data are plotted in the graph below. What conclusion can be determined from the data revealed in this graph? (a) Car B is stationary while car A is moving. (b) Car A is always traveling faster than car B. (c) Car A changes its speed, while car B stays at a steady pace. (d) Car B travels in a straight line, while car A moves up and down a hill.

27 26) A teacher wants her young students to draw circles based on the following requirements: Equipment used to make the circles must be safe and easy to use. Students must be able to erase circles. Students should be able to make circles of different sizes. Which tools BEST fit the teacher s criteria? a. b. c. d.

28 27) The picture below shows rock layers on a mountain range. Which idea about rock layers is MOST supported by this picture? (a) Rock layers form only in some types of rocks. (b) Rock layers can be laid down in spiral patterns. (c) Geologic forces can bend and change the order of rock layers. (d) Rock layers are always organized with the youngest on top and oldest beneath.

29 28) Which of the following provides the BEST evidence that energy moving inside Earth is changing Earth s surface? (a) Mountains are being worn down by erosion. (b) Large waves are continually formed on oceans. (c) Climates of the world are either hot and dry or cold and moist. (d) Tectonic plates are moving toward or away from each other.

30 29) Technology has influenced scientific research in the past and present. Which of these BEST describes how technology has made a difference in the way scientific research is conducted today as compared with the past? (a) Scientists are now based in more countries than they were in the past. (b) Scientists were more curious and worked harder in the past than they do today. (c) Scientists today have access to more information than past scientists because of computers. (d) Scientists used to conduct more complex experiments than scientists do today because of better schools.

31 30) A scientist recorded a large number of earthquakes in a particular area. Soon after, a nearby volcano erupted. Which of the following BEST explains the cause of the earthquakes? (a) Seismic waves from earthquakes carry magma to the area and cause an eruption. (b) Rising magma is heavier than the surrounding rocks and this causes earthquakes. (c) Rising magma increases stress in nearby rocks, which causes earthquakes. (d) Friction from seismic waves heats the rocks and causes magma to form, which then erupts from the volcano.