PUBERTY STATISTICS HORMONES UNIT 6 PACKET PART 2 PUBERTY AND REPRODUCTION

Transcription

1 UNIT 6 PACKET PART 2 PUBERTY AND REPRODUCTION 1 NAME: HOUR: DATE: NO: Chapter 19: Pregnancy, Birth, and Childhood PUBERTY The period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically able to reproduce, this is when hormones in a young person s body are more intense and the reproductive system begins to change. STATISTICS The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy and births 34% of young women become pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20 8 in 10 of these teen pregnancies are accidents and 79% are to unmarried teens. HORMONES MEN S SEX HORMONE WOMEN S SEX HORMONES

2 Chapter 19: Pregnancy, Birth, and Childhood REPRODUCTION BEGINNING OF THE LIFE CYCLE (pg 489) 2 STAGE 1. FERTILIZATION 2. THE ZYGOTE 3. CELL DIVISION 4. THE BLASTOCYTE 5. IMPLANTATION WHAT HAPPENS IN EACH OF THE STAGES OF REPRODUCTION Label the Diagram Below

3 DEVELOPMENT IN THE UTERUS 3 PLACENTA: AMNIOTIC SAC: Label the above diagram page 490 UMBILICAL CORD: GESTATION the period from conception to birth (three trimesters- 3 months each) ZYGOTE - Fertilization thru Week 2 EMBRYO Week 3 thru Week 8 FETUS Week 9 Week 40 INFANT baby is out of mother

4 STAGE 3 OF LABOR STAGE 2 OF LABOR STAGE 1 OF LABOR 4 Proper nutrition Exercise Avoiding alcohol and other drugs STAYING HEALTHY DURING PREGNANCY Avoiding environmental hazards Receiving prenatal care CHILDBIRTH The work performed by the mother s body to push the fetus out. - Strong muscle contractions of the uterus cause the cervix to dilate. - The amniotic sac will break - Cervix becomes softer and wide enough for the fetus to pass through The baby is pushed out through the cervix and vagina - The umbilical cord is clamped and cut - The baby s nose and mouth are suctioned Placenta is pushed out TYPES OF BIRTHS Vaginal Birth Infant born head first Breech Birth Infant not born head first usually leads to cesarean Cesarean Section Surgical method of birth LIVE BIRTH VIDEO - VAGINAL AND CESAREAN

5 Chapter 19: Pregnancy, Birth, and Childhood Complications in Child Birth 5 STILL BIRTH PREMATURE BIRTH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT- MULTIPLE BIRTHS IDENTICAL TWINS - A single fertilized egg that divides into 2 identical embryos. FRATERNAL TWINS Sometimes 2 eggs are released from the ovaries and if both eggs are fertilized by 2 different sperm you will produce fraternal twins. ** SAFE AND ABANDONED BABIES ACT *** No one knew you were pregnant. No one knows about your baby. You can t take care of your baby. What are you going to do? An unwanted pregnancy can be a traumatic experience. You may have overwhelming feelings of isolation, fear, or shame that could lead to irrational thoughts or acts, such as unsafely abandoning your baby. Each year in Illinois, there are disturbing reports of newborn babies found in dumpsters and other unsafe places. Under the Illinois Abandoned Newborn Infant Protection Act, unharmed infants seven days old or younger can be left at safe havens. No questions will be asked. You don t have to give your name. The police will not be called. Your baby will get medical care and be adopted. Where are safe havens? In Illinois, the safe havens for newborns are: Staffed fire stations Staffed police stations Hospitals Emergency care facilities What does the law do? The law is intended to provide an alternative to the parents of newborn infants to relinquish their unharmed infants to staff in safe havens while remaining anonymous and avoiding civil or criminal liability. It is recognized that establishing a traditional adoption plan through a private or public adoption agency or choosing to parent the child is a preferable parenting plan to abandonment or relinquishment of an infant. However, the purpose of this law is to reduce the risk of harm to a newborn by a parent who may be under undue stress. What happens at a safe haven? Newborns can be brought to a hospital, emergency care facility, staffed police station or staffed fire station. Staff members at emergency care facilities, fire stations and police stations will make arrangements for transportation of the infant to the nearest hospital. Hospital personnel will conduct a physical examination of the relinquished newborn infant and provide any needed medical care. The hospital is deemed to have temporary protective custody of the newborn infant until the infant is discharged to an adoption agency. Parental rights There is a presumption that by relinquishing a newborn infant at a safe haven, the infant s parent consents to the termination of his or her parental rights with respect to the infant. Consider adoption Every child deserves a safe, loving, permanent home. You can help provide this by planning to have your baby adopted, even before giving birth. Several public and private agencies in Illinois provide services to those who choose to free their children for adoption. Agency staff carefully interview and check the backgrounds of prospective adoptive parents to make sure that they: Have no criminal or child abuse history Have room in their home for a child Can support the child financially Can provide a safe home For information about adoption, please call the Illinois Adoption Registry: (toll-free in Illinois) or

6 6 STANDARD CONTRACEPTIVE METHODs THE FAILURE RATE OF THE CONTRACEPTIVES AND THEIR PROTECTION AGAINST STI s METHOD FAILURE RATE (THE CHANCE OF GETTING PREGNANT) PROTECTION FROM STI s ABSTINENCE 0% COMPLETE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES BIRTH CONTROL PILL NORPLANT 1% INTRAUTERINE DEVICE IUD VAGINAL SPERMICIDES 35% DIAPHRAGM WITH SPERMICIDE 17% CERVICAL CAP WITH SPERMICIDE 17% - 23% MALE CONDOM 11% SOME FACTORS TO CONSIDER MUST BE USED CONSISTENLY AND PERFECTLY, OR EFFECTIVENESS DROPS TO 0%. PROTECTS 100% AGAINST STIS AND PREGNANCY USERS WHO FIND IT EASY TO TAKE PILLS REGULARLY USE THE METHOD MOST SUCCESSFULLY. NO PROTECTION AGAINST STIS IMPLANT MAY BE SLIGHTLY VISIBLE. LONG TERM USE IS RECOMMENDED. NO PROTECTION AGAINST STDS THE DEVICE CAN BE EXPELLED WITHOUT THE USER S AWARENESS. PREGNANCY CAN OCCUR WITH THE DEVICE IN PLACE. NO PROTECTION AGAINST STIS. USERS WHO FOLLOW DIRECTIONS EXACTLY USE THE METHOD MOST SUCCESSFULLY. SLIGHT PROTECTION AGAINST STIS SUCCESSFUL USE REQUIRES PROPER FIT AND FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS. SLIGHT PROTECTIONS AGINST STIS SUCCESSFUL USE REQUIRES PROPER FIT AND FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS. SLIGHT PROTECTIONS AGINST STIS HIGH-QUALITY CONCOMS ARE MOST PROTECTIVE. SOME PROTECTION FROM STDS. IMPROPER USE MAKES FAILURE LIKELY. MALE CONDOM WITH SPERMICIDE 10% SOME FEMALE CONDOM 21% LIMITED FERTILITY AWARENESS METHOD 15% - 20% MALE STERILIZATION LESS THAN 1% FEMALE STERILIZATION LESS THAN 1% SPONGE 16% PATCH RING USERS MUST FOLLOW DIRECTIONS EXACTLY. GOOD PROTECTION FROM SOME STDS. POOR QUALITY CONDOMS MAKE FAILURE LIKELY HIGH COST. STILL PROVING EFFECTIVENESS. LIMITED PROTECTION AGAINST SOME STIS OVULATION IS UNPREDICTABLE. A HIGH DEGREE OF TRAINING, SKILL, AND DEDICATION IS REQUIRED SUCCESSFUL, EXCEPT IF THE USER HAS INTERCOURSE BEFORE SPERM ARE ABSENT FROM SEMEN OR IF ENDS OF TUBES GROW TOGETHER (VERY UNLIKELY) PREGNANCY IS LIKELY ONLY IF ENDS OF TUBES GROW TOGETHER (VERY UNLIKELY) THE SPONGE IS A DISK-SHAPED FOAM DEVICE THAT IS MOISTENED AND THEN PUT INTO THE VAGINA. LITTLE PROTECTION AGAINST STI. NEW PATCH MUST BE APPLIED EACH WEEK. IF THE PATCH FALLS OFF IT WILL LOOSE IT S EFFECTIVENESS. NEW RING MUST BE INSERTED INTO THE VAGINA EACH MONTH. IF THE RING FALLS OUT IT WILL LOOSE IT S EFFECTIVENESS. PERMANENT METHODS LESS THAN 1% A MEDICAL PROCEDURE THAT IS EP WITHDRAWAL 50% UNRELIABLE AS SOME MEN ARE NOT ABLE TO CONTROL TO WITHDRAW AND BEFORE EJACULATION FLUID THAT CONTAINS SPERM IS RELEASED FROM THE PENIS.