Lecture: American Revolution Overview. You ll need a pen or pencil and three colored pencils: yellow, blue, and red.

Transcription

1 Lecture: American Revolution Overview You ll need a pen or pencil and three colored pencils: yellow, blue, and red.

2 When you see this image, it s time to be silent.

3 What was the colonists battle cry? NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION Turn to your table mate and discuss what that means!

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5 The King and Parliament decided what to tax in the colonies. The colonists wanted to be part of the decision-making process. What was an example of something the colonists thought was unfair?

6 Your example could be: Stamp Act Sugar Act Tea Act Navigation Acts (buy only from England) Quartering Act

7 1660s Navigation Acts (England s economic plan) Colonies provide raw materials for England Colonies provide market for English manufactured goods

8 England had the favorable balance of trade. They SOLD more than they bought. Draw a circle of 13 stars to represent the colonies.

9 Discuss with your table mates what the colonists thought of the balance of trade.

10 It s so unfair that we can only trade with England Yeah, these trade restrictions are too severe.

11 Turn to your table mate and discuss: What was the French and Indian War ( ) about? What were the consequences of that war?

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13 French and Indian War England won land War was expensive

14 Proclamation of 1763 England prohibited colonists from moving west into newly won territories Too expensive to protect settlers from conflicts with Native Americans Colonists ordered to respect Native American hunting grounds and land.

15 England shifts tax burden Parliament and King George III enforced new tax programs to make the colonies help get England out of debt. Colonists resented paying taxes when they hadn t been part of the decision-making process.

16 When the colonists believed they could no longer tolerate being ruled by England, they wrote a famous document. 1776: Colonists declare independence from England In the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson lists the reasons why the 13 colonies must break away. We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.

17 We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal... that they are endowed with certain inalienable rights... that among these are LIFE, LIBERTY, and the PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS

18 Make your key: Patriots (Whigs) Loyalists (Tories) Undecided

19 What percentage of colonists were loyal to England? wanted independence? were undecided?

20 Loyalists (Tories) 20% Patriots (Whigs) 40% 40% Undecided

21 Looking at Differences 13 Colonies Great Britain military untrained undisciplined no war ships military strongest army and navy in world well-equipped trained and disciplined

22 Looking at Differences 13 Colonies Leadership Washington s greatness: his ability to keep men together in the face of all odds (no experience, no supplies, few wages) Tire, don t fire Power of retreat; rarely surrendered

23 Leadership Great Britain fighting on foreign soil traditional techniques poor communication with head office could conquer but not hold hard to blockade the entire coast

24 Support 13 Colonies Benjamin Franklin persuaded France to loan $, send troops, provide a navy French stopped British navy from sending reinforcements to General Cornwallis, so Cornwallis surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, VA. in 1781

25 Looking at Differences Great Britain Support Loyalists in the South (strategy to move war south) Mercenaries (Hessians) Indians (promise of land)

26 Money $$$$$$ 13 Colonies Had very little money Problematic that 13 separate colonies were printing 13 different currencies! Had to borrow money from France

27 Great Britain Money Had enough money to hire 30,000 German mercenaries (Hessians)

28 13 Colonies Motivation The colonists knew what they were fighting for; fighting to make their OWN laws about everything, including trade and taxes

29 Great Britain Motivation Far from home (3000 miles) They had 30 other colonies besides the 13 colonies in North America.

30 Treaty of Paris 1783 Official recognition as a Separate Nation Set western boundary of U.S. at Mississippi River Set northern boundary at Great Lakes All foreign troops ordered to withdraw from U.S.

31 These pages should already be trimmed. Separate them and attach to notebook. Title the page: Lecture notes: American Revolution Overview