Trimester 3 Final Exam Study Guide

Transcription

1 Name: Test Date: Trimester 3 Final Exam Study Guide 1. All matter can be classified as either: (2 ways) 2. What is a compound? 3. What is a mixture? 4. What is a heterogeneous mixture? Give an example. 5. What is homogeneous mixture? Give an example. 6. Describe the scientific properties of milk. 7. What is the definition of volume? 8. What is the definition of mass? 9. Compare and contrast a kilogram of feathers and a kilogram of stones? 10. What is the formula for density?

2 11. When an object decreases in volume, its density would 12. When an object increases in volume, its density would 13. Which 3 science tools could be used to find volume? 14. What is the term for the curved surface of a liquid when it is in a tube? (surface can curve up or down) 15. List the phases of water in order, from the phase with the slowest molecular movement to the phase with the fastest molecular movement. 16. Solids retain their shape and volume, if kept at constant temperature and pressure. At a constant temperature and pressure, liquids retain their: 17. Describe the motion of particles in a solid, liquid and gas object. 18. Draw a diagram of particles in three different states: solid, liquid and gas SOLID -vibrating slowly, very close together LIQUID sliding past each other, more spread apart GAS - molecules move around freely, spread apart 19. Draw and label a phase change graph. (Refer to line graph in Physical Science Prentice Hall pg. 68)

3 20. Why does the temperature change very little when an object is undergoing a change in state even though energy is applied continuously? Refer to the graph in the above question. 21. What happens to H2O (water) molecules when an ice cube melts? 22. When you freeze H2O (water), what happens to the energy and the number of molecules? 23. What happens to the particles of a solid element as it melts? 24. What makes up the mass in the nucleus? 25. The proton, one kind of particle found in the nucleus of an atom, carries a charge. 26. The neutron, one kind of particle found in the nucleus of an atom and makes up for missing mass, carries a charge. 27. The electron, found outside of the nucleus, carries a charge and has almost no. 28. Potassium has 19 electrons and 19 protons. Would an atom that has 18 electrons and 19 protons be the same type of element? Explain your answer. 29. An atom contains in various energy levels. 30. The periodic table notation for nitrogen (N) is shown. How many protons are there in an atom of nitrogen?

4 31. In the periodic table notation shown, what information does the number tell you? 32. How many electrons and protons are present if a chlorine ion has a charge of -1? Note: Chlorine s atomic number is Explain why one hydrogen atom has an atomic mass of 1 and another hydrogen atom has an atomic mass of How does the periodic table organize the elements? 35. The noble gases, such as neon and argon, are nonreactive because: 36. Elements in the same column on the periodic table have similar chemical reactivity because: 37. In an atom, what particle does the proton repel? 38. What causes protons to repel each other? 39. The mass of a NaCl (salt) solution is 200 grams. The mass of the H2O (water), before the solution was created, was 180 grams. What was the mass of the NaCl (salt) before it was mixed in the solution? 40. In a solution of KCO3 (potassium carbonate) and H2O (water), the total mass of the individual products the mass of the solution. 41. Compare the amount of energy necessary to heat a substance to the amount of energy needed when the substance is cooled to the original temperature. 42. List the five forms of evidence that proves a chemical reaction has occurred.

5 43. A occurs when products of the event have different properties than the reactants. 44. The law of conservation of energy states Vocabulary 1. Atomic mass 2. Chemical change 3. Physical change 4. Element 5. Ion 6. Isotope 7. Kinetic energy 8. Nuclear fission 9. Potential energy 10. Strong nuclear force 11. Subatomic particles

6 12. Substance 13. Thermal energy 14. Valence electrons