The Imperative. Infinitive Form Present Tense Imperative Prendre (to take) Tu prends (You take) Prends! (Take!) Comprendre (to understand)

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1 The Imperative The imperative is the order form of a verb. You will probably have heard your French teacher saying Asseyez- vous (sit down) or Travaillez à deux (work in pairs). These are orders that are given to you they are the imperative. I. Construction When using the imperative, tu, nous or vous is used. You can t give an order with any of the other subject pronouns. You cannot, for example, tell je to sit down, or tell ils to work in pairs. Therefore, we only have to worry about the three subject pronouns previously mentioned. When constructing the imperative, we simply remove the subject pronoun (tu/nous/vous) and just use the conjugated form of the verb. 1. -re Some examples of - re verbs are shown below: Prendre (to take) Tu prends (You take) Prends! (Take!) Comprendre (to understand) Apprendre (to learn) Nous comprenons (We understand) Vous apprenez (You (formal or plural) learn) Comprenons! ((Let s) understand!) Apprenez! (Learn!)

2 2. -ir Some examples of - ir verbs are shown below. Sourire (to smile) Tu souris (You smile) Souris! (Smile!) Courir (to run) Nous courons (We run) Courons! ((Let s) run!) Partir (to leave) Vous partez (You (formal or plural) leave) Partez! (Leave!) 3. -er In - er verbs, we remove the subject pronoun and we also remove the s from the tu form of the conjugated verb: Manger (to eat) Tu manges (You eat) Mange! (Eat!) Chanter (to sing) Nous chantons (We sing) Chantons! ((Let s) sing!) Ecouter (to listen) Vous ecoutez (You (formal or plural) listen) Ecoutez! (Listen!) 4. Reflexive Verbs When using the imperative with reflexive verbs, we still remove the subject pronoun. However, the reflexive pronoun is attached to the end of the verb with a hyphen. Se lever (to get up) Se baigner (to take a bath) Nous nous levons (We get up) Vous vous baignez (You take a bath) Levons- nous! ((Let s) get up!) Baignez- vous! (Take a bath!)

3 In the tu form, the reflexive pronoun te is replaced with toi. Remember that the final s of the conjugated verb is removed in the tu form of - er verbs. Se dépêcher (To hurry yourself up/rush) Se laver (to wash yourself) Tu te dépêches (You hurry up) Tu te laves (You wash yourself) Dépêche- toi! (Hurry up!) Lave- toi! (Wash yourself!) 5. Negative Imperatives Negative imperatives are the opposite of imperatives. Instead of telling someone to do something, you are telling them NOT to do something. Remember that negatives are not just ne pas. They can also be ne jamais, ne plus, ne que, ne rien etc. To form negative imperatives, the negative is simply placed around the verb. Easy! Examples with tu, nous and vous are shown below: Infinitive Form Present Tense Negative Imperative Jouer (to play) Boire (to drink) Manger (to eat) Tu joues tout le temps. (You play all the time) Nous buvons trois bouteilles de Cola par jour. (We drink three bottles of Cola every day) Vous mangez trop de chocolat. (You eat too much chocolate) Ne joue pas tout le temps! (Don t play all the time!) Ne buvons jamais trois bouteilles de Cola par jour! (Let s never drink three bottles of Cola every day) Ne mangez pas trop de chocolat! (Don t eat too much chocolate!) With reflexive verbs, the ne is placed before the reflexive pronoun and the pas is placed after the verb.

4 For example, Vous vous demandez (You ask yourself/yourselves) becomes Ne vous demandez pas (Don t ask yourself/yourselves).

5 Multiple Choice Questions 1. What is the imperative? a) It is a way of asking questions. b) It is a way of making suggestions. c) It is a way of ordering someone to do something. d) It is a way of advising someone. 2. Which of the sentences below is an imperative in French? a) Nous faisons la vaisselle. b) Faisons- nous la vaisselle? c) Nous ferons la vaisselle? d) Faisons la vaisselle. 3. Which subject conjugations can be used in the imperative? a) All of them. b) Je, Tu, Il/Elle/On c) Tu, Ils/Elles d) Tu, Nous, Vous 4. How is the imperative formed? a) The same way as the present tense. b) By removing the subject pronoun from the verb in the present tense. c) By removing the s from the present form of the verb. d) The same way as the immediate future.

6 5. How can we translate the order Smile! into French with tu? a) Souris! b) Tu souris! c) Souri! d) Souris- toi! 6. What happens when an - er verb takes the tu form in the imperative? a) Nothing. b) The s is removed from the tu form of the - er verb. c) The es is removed from the tu form of the - er verb. d) Tu is not used in the imperative. 7. How are reflexive verbs formed in the imperative? a) The subject pronoun is removed, and the reflexive verb is attached behind the verb with a hyphen. b) Reflexive verbs don t change in the imperative. c) Reflexive verbs don t take imperatives. d) The subject pronoun AND the reflexive pronoun are removed. 8. What are negative imperatives? a) Imperatives that order you to do something bad. b) Imperatives that are pessimistic. c) Imperatives that order you NOT to do something. d) All of the above. 9. Which of the sentences below is a correct imperative? a) Ne mange pas trop de chocolat!

7 b) Finissons nos devoirs! c) Buvez deux bouteilles d eau par jour! d) All of the above. 10. Which of the sentences below is not using a negative imperative? a) Ne mangez plus de viande! b) Faisons attention! c) Ne souris pas! d) Ne fumons jamais! Answers: 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B

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