YOUR NAME: DATE OF MIDTERM TIME OF MIDTERM

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1 I WANT YOU. TO REVIEW FOR THE U.S. HISTORY & GOVERNMENT MIDTERM YOUR NAME: DATE OF MIDTERM TIME OF MIDTERM 1

2 ESSENTIAL SUPREME COURT CASES TO KNOW Marbury v. Madison (1803) SAMPLE Issue: President Adams had appointed William Marbury a Justice of the Peace, but when the new Jefferson administration arrived in office, they refused to give Marbury his commission. Marbury sued. Decision: John Marshall ruled against Marbury and declared the law that made him a justice of the peace unconstitutional Why is this case important? Marbury v. Madison established the principle of Judicial Review. Judicial Review gave the court the power to declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional (checks & balances) McCulloch v. Maryland (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? Worcester v. Georgia (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? Scott v. Sanford (Dred Scott case) (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? 2

3 US v. E.C. Knight (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? Plessy v. Ferguson (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? Northern Securities Co. v. US (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? Muller v. Oregon (Year: ) Issue: Decision: Why is this case important? 3

4 IMPORTANT PRESIDENCIES SAMPLE George Washington (Term: ) Successes! Set precedents as president (i.e. two terms & the cabinet)! Strengthened the economy with Hamilton s financial plan! Kept peace with Europe with the Proclamation of Neutrality & Farewell Address Failures! Unable to prevent the divisions between Hamilton and Jefferson that led to the first political parties emerge. Washington thought that political parties ( factions ) were bad for the country Thomas Jefferson (Term: ) Successes Failures Andrew Jackson (Term: ) Successes Failures 4

5 Abraham Lincoln (Term: ) Successes Failures Theodore Roosevelt (Term: ) Successes Failures Woodrow Wilson (Term: ) Successes Failures 5

6 Washington s Farewell Address (Year(s) 1796) How did this impact the US? EARLY DIPLOMACY & CONFLICT SAMPLE This policy prevented us from being dragged into the French Revolutionary Wars. However it damaged our relationship with the French, who had been our Revolutionary War ally. Louisiana Purchase (Year(s) ) How did this impact the US? War of 1812 (Year(s) ) How did this impact the US? Mexican American War (Year(s) ) How did this impact the US? Monroe Doctrine (Year(s) ) How did this impact the US? 6

7 TURNING POINTS IN US HISTORY Year How did the US change in this year? 1776 The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, gave the political justification for why the US should become independent from the British Empire. Jefferson stated that Britain had deprived Americans of their natural rights and therefore we had the right to revolution

8 Popular Sovereignty Definition: PRINCIPLES OF THE US CONSTITUTION How does this concept promote democracy? Federalism Definition: How does this concept promote democracy? Separation of Powers Definition: How does this concept promote democracy? Checks and Balances Definition: How does this concept promote democracy? Limited Government Definition: How does this concept promote democracy? 8

9 IMPORTANT PEOPLE IN US HISTORY Name Jane Addams Susan B. Anthony John Brown William Jennings Bryan John C. Calhoun Andrew Carnegie Dorothea Dix Stephen Douglas Frederick Douglass W.E.B. Du Bois Henry Ford Samuel Gompers Alexander Hamilton Robert La Follette Lewis & Clark John Locke Horace Mann John Marshall Baron de Montesquieu Thomas Paine Gifford Pinchot Jacob Riis John D. Rockefeller Upton Sinclair Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lincoln Steffens Harriett Beecher Stowe Ida Tarbell Mark Twain William M. Tweed Booker T. Washington John Peter Zenger Why is this person significant in US History? Addams (influenced by the social gospel) establish Hull House. 9

10 COMPROMISES IN US HISTORY Slave Trade Compromise Why was compromised needed? At the constitutional convention, southern representatives wanted to continue the international slave trade (Middle Passage) with Africa, while northern representatives wanted to end it. What did the compromise do? The compromise stated that the international slave trade would continue for twenty years (until 1808). After this year, importing slaves from Africa would be illegal. Why was compromised needed? Great Compromise What did the compromise do? Why was compromised needed? Three-Fifths Compromise What did the compromise do? Why was compromised needed? Missouri Compromise What did the compromise do? Why was compromised needed? Compromise of 1850 What did the compromise do? Why was compromised needed? Compromise of 1877 What did the compromise do? 10

11 LAWS! Law Stamp Act (1765) Northwest Ordinance (1787) Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) What is the historical significance of this law? The Stamp Act (passed by Parliament) was a tax on printed material that led to the protest no taxation without representation - a major cause of the revolution. Embargo Act (1807) Tariff of Abominations (1828) Indian Removal Act (1830) Fugitive Slave Act (1850) Kansas Nebraska Act (1854) Homestead Act (1862) Jim Crow Laws (1880s) Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Dawes Act (1887) Interstate Commerce Act (1887) Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) Grandfather Clauses (1890s) Pure Food & Drug Act (1906) Meat Inspection Act (1906) Gentlemen s Agreement (1907) Federal Reserve Act (1913) Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) Keating Owen Child Labor Act (1916) 11

12 How is federalism different from separation of powers? POWERS! Definition Example(s) Delegated Implied Reserved Concurrent 12

13 CHECKS AND BALANCES What is the purpose of the: Executive Branch Judicial Branch Legislative Branch 13

14 GEOGRAPHIC CHANGE Indicate by number the geographical area connected to each of the following terms on the map below: 1. Treaty of Paris of Louisiana Purchase (1803) 3. Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) 4. Texas (1845) 5. Fifty-four forty or fight 6. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848) 7. Gadsden Purchase (1853) Seward s Folly (1867) is not on the map. What piece of land does it refer to? How was the Proclamation of 1763 connected to the geography of the colonial US? 14

15 MOVEMENTS AND IDEAS Identify an idea or a movement that is connected to each of the terms below: Collective Bargaining Fordism Free Silver Gospel of Wealth Grangers Jacksonian Democracy Know Nothings Lowell System Melting Pot Theory Muckraker NAACP Nativism Populism Seneca Falls Convention Settlement House Movement Social Darwinism Social Gospel Square Deal Underground Railroad 15

16 KEY AMENDMENTS Amendment First Key Provision(s) The first amendment provides for freedom of speech, assembly religion, the press and the right to petition the government Fourth Fifth Eighth Tenth Thirteenth Fourteenth Fifteenth Sixteenth Seventeenth Eighteenth Nineteenth 16