Citizenship in the World

Transcription

1 Citizenship in the World Scout Workbook Scout Name Unit/Troop # Citizens have 1. A citizen of the world is: 2. A citizen is governed by a sovereign authority (a government or king or dictator) and has P F D within the community, state or nation in with they reside A person may become a citizen of a nation by: N B with the borders of that country B to parents who are citizens How to become a Naturalized US Citizen 18 years old or older. Good Moral Character Pass exam on English & Civics Knowledge There are several options, such as: Legally come into and live in the United States for 5 years Marry a US Citizen swear an oath to the US In the Oath of Citizenship, swear to defend the Constitution and laws of the US and, when required by the law, to bear arms on behalf of the U.S. and/or perform noncombatant service. Page 1 Privileges: o Protection of law o Access to courts o Property o Safety Freedoms: o Speech o Religion o Press Duties: o Obey the law o Pay taxes o Work o Contribute to community

2 Germany Cuba Page 2

3 Rights, Duties and Obligations of US Citizens Rights: Vote Bill of Rights Protection of Law Freedom to own, earn, buy, and try Duties: Serve on Juries Vote Become an informed citizen Become educated Obligations: Obey the Law Pay taxes Register for select service for possible conscription in to the armed forces Rights, Duties and Obligations of German Citizens Rights: Equality before the law Freedom of speech and press and worship Objection to military service Duties: Stay righteous Learn about German government and EU Vote Obligations: Military or Hospital Service Pay Taxes Rights, Duties and obligations of Cuban Citizens Rights: No private property No private industry Health care Regulated speech Duties: Work Obey the law Defend the homeland Obligations: Military service Do NOT criticize the government 3. Pick a current world event. a. In relation to this current event, discuss with your counselor how a country's national interest and its relationship with other countries might affect areas such as its security, its economy, its values, and the health of its citizens b. Select a foreign country and discuss with your counselor how its geography, natural resources, and climate influence its economy and its global partnerships with other countries Page 3

4 4. DO TWO of the Following - (International Law) Explain international law and how it differs from national law. Explain the role of international law and how international law can be used as a tool for conflict resolution. Using resources such as major daily newspapers, the Internet (with your parent's permission), and news magazines, observe a current issue that involves international trade, foreign exchange, balance of payments, tariffs, and free trade. Explain what you have learned. Include in your discussion an explanation of why countries must cooperate in order for world trade and global competition to thrive. Select TWO of the following organizations and describe their role in the world. 1. The United Nations 2. The World Court 3. World Organization of the Scout Movement 4. The World Health Organization 5. Amnesty International 6. The International Committee of the Red Cross 7. CARE Page 4

5 The need for International Law There are about 200 nations Sovereignty and national interest Increasingly dependent on each other Relations are challenged by War, terrorism, environment, trade and disease Politics, economics, religion and culture International Law is applied to resolve conflicts that may lead to aggression or war International law are defined International Conventions, Treaties, Executive Agreement Geneva Convention Hague Convention Protection of Intellectual Property Extradition of accused criminals Treaties governing the moon International customs Unwritten historic customs Some nations do not recognize laws that conflict with their customs General Principle of Law Developed from legal systems in many nations A nation s right to defend itself International Law: Maritime Law Establishes rules of behavior on the high seas or in non-countries such as the arctic regions National Law are the Rules and regulations which govern a certain country Bounded by the constitution Written by a legislature Congress or Parliament Or Written by Dictator Supported by courts, fines and prisons Easier to enforce than International Law International Conflict Resolution Disputing nations may Agree to a hearing and judgment of the International Court of Justice of the UN 6/10/1967 Middle East war ended when Syria and Israel agreed to a UN brokered cease-fire Page 5

6 Escalation Retorsion (Eye for an eye) Pressure another nation to reverse an unfriendly act The action is similar to the offence, e.g. tariffs US trade embargo on China from 1950 to 1971 to stop the spread of communism Reprisal Act of force in response to an illegal action The response by itself is illegal, but legal as a reprisal E.g., a country refuses to repay a loan. The lending nation could legally seize property War Last resort Threat of war may be enough to force a country to change its ways International Organizations United Nations Goals 1. Maintain Internation Peace and Security 2. Promote Cooperation in Solving Internation Problems including: a. Political b. Economic c. Social d. Cultural e. Humanitarian Page 6

7 UN Key objectives for the 21 st Century 1. Promote the Creation of Independent and Democratic Societies 2. Protect Human Rights 3. Saving Children from Starvation and Disease 4. Providing Relief assistance to Refugees and Disaster Victim 5. Counter Global Crime, Drug, and Disease 6. Assist Countries devastated by war and the long term threat of land mines Write down some successes of the UN Write down some failures of the UN Page 7

8 World Organization of the Scout Movement 28 Million Scouts 216 Countries World Scout Jamboree Promote scouting world wide: The roots of Scouting have grown among young people of all civilized countries and are developing more each day. It might be thought that if in years to come, a considerable proportion of the future citizens of each nation forms part of this brotherhood, they will be joined by a bond of personal friendship and mutual understanding such as has never existed before, which will help to find a solution to terrible international conflicts. Baden Powel Other International Organizations your have researched Page 8

9 5. Governments Constitutional Governments Must govern according to existing law that limits the government s power over citizens Protects rights of the individual\ Check & balances Stability Federalism (levels of governments) Dictators and others No written limitations The dictator does what he wills Authoritarian, tyrannical Single or monolithic government (5A) Discuss the differences between constitutional and non-constitutional governments FIVE different FORMS of governments a. Presidential or Ministerial Republics i. US President ii. UK Prime Minister iii. Mixed forms: 1. Mongolia 2. Kenya 3. Niger 4. South Africa b. Parliamentary Republics i. Austria ii. Turkey iii. Greece c. Mixed Republican Systems i. Switzerland d. Constitutional Monarchy i. Ceremonial Monarch (no real power) Page 9

10 1. UK has a King/Queen who is a figure head, as well as a Prime Minister and Parliament 2. Canada ii. Active Monarch (King does have real power) 1. Jordan 2. Kuwait e. Absolute Monarchies (King has ALL power) i. Saudi Arabia ii. Qatar f. Theocracy (church and state are one) i. Iran ii. Vatican City g. Military Junta States i. Libya ii. Myanmar h. Transitional i. Somalia (5B) Name five different governments currently in power Example Is Venezuela a Constitutional Republic? A Theocracy? A Junta State? A Dictatorship? Let s Look at Venezuela Founded in 1830 under Military Rule Civilian Rule Constitution failed coup d'état by Chávez 1998 Chávez won election with 56% 1999 New Constitution with 6 year Presidential term (limited to 2) 2007 Amended Constitution Rejected 2007 State took over the TV(Chávez candidates get free ads) 2008 Over 300 Opposition Candidates disqualified 2009 Referendum to eliminate term limits passed Something else Page 10

11 (5c) Show on a map countries that use these 5 forms of government The World Map of Governments 6. Governmental Representation and Interaction a. How is a government represented abroad The Department of works with foreign governments, international organizations, and people in other countries to bring them together into arrangements to promote peace, prosperity, and democratic governments The Department State has four main goals to make and carry out foreign policy Protect America and Americans Advance economic prosperity human rights and other interests of the United States in the world Gain international understanding of American values and policies Support U.S. diplomats and other government officials who work at home and abroad Page 11

12 b. Describe the following in the conduct of foreign relations i. Ambassador ii. Consul iii. Bureau of International Information Programs iv. Agency of International Development v. US and Foreign Commercial Service c. What is the purpose of a passport? What is the purpose of a visa? 7. DO Two of the following (have your parent, scout master, or merit badge counselor initial which ones you did) a. Visit the Web site (With your parent/guardian's permission) of the U.S. State Department. Learn more about an issue you find b. Interesting that is discussed on this Web site. ( c. Visit the Web site (With your parent/guardian's permission) of an international news organization or foreign government, OR examine a foreign newspaper available at your local library, bookstore, or newsstand. Find a news story about a human right realized in the United States that is not recognized in another country. d. Visit with a student or Scout from another country and discuss the typical values, holidays, ethnic foods, and traditions practiced or enjoyed there. e. Attend a world Scout jamboree. f. Participate in or attend an international event in your area, such as an ethnic festival, concert, or play. Page 12

13 Supplementary Material Ambassador o Top diplomat in country o Appointed by President Consul o Part of Embassy Staff o Facilitates trade and Friendship o Protects citizens while in country Bureau of International Information Programs o Part of US Dept. of State o designs, develops, and implements a variety of information initiatives and strategic communications programs, o including Internet and print publications, traveling and electronically transmitted speaker programs, and information resource services. o These reach--and are created strictly for--key international audiences, such as the media, government officials, opinion leaders, and the general public. Agency for International Development o Part of the US Department of State o USAID advances foreign policy objectives by supporting economic growth, agriculture and trade, health, democracy, conflict prevention, and humanitarian assistance o Provide assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Near East, Latin America, Europe, and Eurasia o USAID is organized around 3 main pillars Economic growth Agriculture Global Health US and Foreign Commercial Service o Promote Trade o Mission To promote the export of goods and services from the United States To represent US business interests internationally To help US businesses find qualified international partners Page 13