Energy Efficient Urban Transport

Transcription

1 NUS-Industry Energy Efficiency Workshop 15 November 2011 Singapore Energy Efficient Urban Transport A Systems Perspective Dr. George Sun Land Transport Authority (LTA) Singapore

2 Introduction Outline Avoid-Shift-Improve Approach Energy Efficient Urban Transport Integrated planning Make public transport a choice mode Manage road usage Sustainable development Summary 2

3 Introduction Cities and Transport Sustainable Development 3

4 Cities and Transport Automobile dependent cities Cities with balanced transport Private Passenger Km per Capita USA CAN ANZ WEU HIA MIA LIA MIO LIO Gross Regional Product per Capita (US$) Source: Barter, et al. (2003) Lessons from Asia on Sustainable Urban Transport 4

5 Automobile Dependent Cities Adjust cities to cars: Extensive construction of freeways fast travel by car Transit services neglected auto dependency: traffic congestion Pedestrians neglected Retail and many other activities relocated from central cities to suburban malls 5

6 Cities with Balanced Transport Develop integrated transport systems: Improve public transport services parallel with highway/ street growth Develop coordinated modes Encourage pedestrians Enhance cities liveability sustainability 6

7 Growing Challenges Demands of economic and population growth Growing resource constraints worldwide Mitigating Climate Change Changing Demographics Technology Advancement 7

8 Sustainable Development Source: UITP International Association of Public Transport 8

9 Avoid-Shift-Improve Approach Avoid (to reduce demand) Shift (to sustainable mode) Improve (energy efficiency) 9

10 A Fundamental Question What determine transport energy consumption? Travel demand Population Trip rate (number of trips a person makes) Travel distance Travel mode Determining vehicle capacity / energy efficiency Affected by traffic condition Non-motorised transport Vehicle fuel economy / energy efficiency 10

11 Avoid-Shift-Improve" Approach AVOID SHIFT IMPROVE Reduce or avoid travel or the need to travel Integrated land-use and transport planning Tele-commuting Smart logistics concepts Shift to more environmentally friendly modes Promote public transport Mode shift to nonmotorised transport Transport demand management Improve the energy efficiency of transport modes and vehicle technology Buy smaller cars Use alternative fuels Low rolling-resistance tyres Optimal tyre pressure Eco-Driving Sources: Asia Development Bank, GIZ ( ITDP ( 11

12 Avoid (to reduce demand) Demand for transport is derived from for the spatially-separated activities To reduce need to travel Land-use planning to bring activities closer high-density development mixed land-use and integrated planning Using ICT to conduct the activity remotely tele-commuting, tele-conferencing, etc. 12

13 Shift (to sustainable mode) Develop quality public transport Invest in public transport infrastructure Improve quality of services Provide comprehensive information Promote active transport (cycling & walking) Manage demand of private transport Mobility management (TravelSmart) programmes 13

14 Shift (to sustainable mode) How far can one travel on 1 ton CO 2? Passenger-km (assuming 100% occupancy rate) Source: GTZ Sourcebook module Transport and Climate Change 14

15 Improve (energy efficiency) For better fuel economy of vehicles buy smaller cars buy greener cars (hybrid, EVs) Use alternative fuels Regular maintenance & efficient parts e.g. optimal tyre pressure, low rollingresistance tyres, etc. Eco-Driving 15

16 Energy Efficient Urban Transport Integrated planning Make public transport a choice mode Manage road usage Sustainable development 16

17 Integrated Planning 1972 Concept Plan1991 Concept Plan 2011 maps out directions into the 2050s 17

18 Land Transport Masterplan A People Centred Land Transport System Make Public Transport a Choice Mode Manage Road Usage Meet Diverse Needs 18

19 Make Public Transport a Choice Mode Key initiatives Enhance integration of public transport system Integrated transport & land use planning Integrated public transport hubs Expand rail network Extend bus priority Enhance commuter experience 19

20 Make Public Transport a Choice Mode Enhance Commuter Experience Real time bus arrival info Bus services map SMS for bus arrival information Premium bus services MyTransport.SG PublicTransport@SG CEPAS EZlink card 20

21 Make Public Transport a Choice Mode Enhance Commuter Experience Enhance capacity of public transport More trains & buses Station upgrade Walking Pedestrian/ commuter facilities Cycling Easy access to public transport, parking facility, foldable bicycles on board train/buses 21

22 Manage Road Usage Holistic package of measures to keep roads smooth flowing for motorists, public transport commuters, and goods vehicles Expand road network Leverage on technology Manage demand for road use a combination of ownership (e.g. COE) & usage measures (e.g. ERP) 22

23 Manage Road Usage Leverage on Technology GLIDE optimise traffic flow Expressway Monitoring & Advisory System (EMAS) ITS Control Centre Online traffic info Parking Guidance System TrafficScan for real time speed Advanced Traveller info system Junction Electronic Eyes (J Eyes) 23

24 Sustainable Development Facilitate Cycling Close gaps between the park connectors Foldable bicycles on trains & buses Parking facilities at public transport nodes National cycling plan Intra-town cycling to transport nodes & key amenities Tampines, Taman Jurong, Pasir Ris, Sembawang, Yishun, Changi-Simei, Bedok and Marina Bay 24

25 Sustainable Development Promote Energy Efficiency Fuel Economy Labelling Scheme (FELS) Launched in 2003; Mandatory in 2009 Green vehicle rebate (GVR) Hybrid, CNG & electric vehicles 40% of OMV (open market value) Electric vehicle test-bed 25

26 Sustainable Development Resource conservation Green Mark for RTS Energy saving design in MRT system & station Holistic approach to ensure effective use of energy Green IT $ savings Diagnose Build Manage & Green Data Measure Center Virtualize Cool Green Pavement Trial selected recycled materials Traffic /Street Lights LED for traffic lights, zebra crossing beacons High performance lanterns for street lights Diesel Hybrid Bus Trial passenger transport services Electric Vehicle (EV) EV Taskforce/ test-bed Funding on charging infrastructure 26

27 Summary The Performance Collaborative Research & Trial Summary 27

28 The Performance

29 Collaborative Research & Trial To understand new technology and innovative transport concept Electric bikes Pod cars: Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) / Electric Networked-Vehicle (EN-V) Bike/ e-bike sharing, electric car sharing To understand behaviour change Mobility management (TravelSmart) Active transport (walking & cycling) Purchase and use of cars 29

30 Summary Sustainable development Economic development Socially inclusive Environmentally friendly Energy Efficient Urban Transport Reduce demand Shift to sustainable mode Improve energy efficiency To understand new technology and behaviour change through collaborative research & trial 30

31 Thank You