THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT ALBANY, NY

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1 P THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT ALBANY, NY 4 Referene Tables for Physial Setting/PHYSICS 006 Edition List of Physial Constants Name Symbol Value Universal gravitational onstant G N m /kg Aeleration due to gravity g 9.8 m/s Speed of light in a vauum m/s Speed of sound in air at STP Mass of Earth Mass of the Moon Mean radius of Earth Mean radius of the Moon Mean distane Earth to the Moon Mean distane Earth to the Sun. 0 m/s kg kg m m m.50 0 m Eletrostati onstant k N m /C elementary harge e C oulomb (C) elementary harges eletronvolt (ev) J Plank s onstant h J s universal mass unit (u) 9. 0 MeV Rest mass of the eletron m e 9. 0 kg Rest mass of the proton m p kg Rest mass of the neutron m n kg Prefixes for Powers of 0 Prefix Symbol Notation tera T 0 giga G 0 9 mega M 0 6 kilo k 0 dei d 0 enti 0 milli m 0 miro µ 0 6 nano n 0 9 pio p 0 Approximate Coeffiients of Frition Kineti Stati Rubber on onrete (dry) Rubber on onrete (wet) 0.58 Rubber on asphalt (dry) Rubber on asphalt (wet) 0.5 Rubber on ie 0.5 Waxed ski on snow Wood on wood Steel on steel Copper on steel Teflon on Teflon 0.04

2 The Eletromagneti Spetrum Wavelength in a vauum (m) X rays Mirowaves Long Radio Waves Gamma Rays Ultraviolet Infrared TV, FM AM Radio Waves Frequeny (Hz) Visible Light (not to sale) Violet Blue Green Yellow Orange Red Absolute Indies of Refration (f Hz) Air.00 Corn oil.47 Diamond.4 Ethyl alohol.6 Glass, rown.5 Glass, flint.66 Glyerol.47 Luite.50 Quartz, fused.46 Sodium hloride.54 Water. Ziron.9 Referene Tables for Physial Setting/Physis 006 Edition Page

3 Energy Level Diagrams Hydrogen Merury Level Ionization n n 6 n 5 n 4 n n Energy (ev) j Level Ionization Energy (ev) 0.00 i h g f e b d Ground State n.60 Energy Levels for the Hydrogen Atom Ground State a 0.8 A Few Energy Levels for the Merury Atom Classifiation of Matter Matter Hadrons Leptons Baryons Mesons Quarks Partiles of the Standard Model Name up harm top Symbol u t Charge + e + e + e Leptons down strange bottom d s b e e e three quarks quark and antiquark eletron muon tau e µ τ e e e eletron neutrino muon neutrino tau neutrino ν e ν µ ν τ Note: For eah partile, there is a orresponding antipartile with a harge opposite that of its assoiated partile. Referene Tables for Physial Setting/Physis 006 Edition Page

4 Eletriity F e E V I R R q t kq q r F eq W q V I ρl A P VI I R V R W Pt VIt I Rt V t R A ross-setional area E eletri field strength F e eletrostati fore I urrent k eletrostati onstant L length of ondutor P eletrial power q harge R resistane R eq equivalent resistane r distane between enters t time V potential differene W work (eletrial energy) hange ρ resistivity Series Ciruits I I I I... V V + V + V +... R eq R + R + R +... Parallel Ciruits I I + I + I +... V V V V... R eq R R R Ciruit Symbols ell battery swith V voltmeter A ammeter resistor variable resistor Resistivities at 0 C Material Resistivity (Ω m) Aluminum Copper Gold Nihrome Silver Tungsten lamp Referene Tables for Physial Setting/Physis 006 Edition Page 4

5 Waves v f λ T f θ i θ r n v n sin θ n sin θ n n v v λ λ speed of light in a vauum f frequeny n absolute index of refration T period v veloity or speed λ wavelength θ angle θ i angle of inidene θ r angle of refletion Modern Physis E photon hf E photon E i E f E m h λ speed of light in a vauum E energy f frequeny h Plank s onstant m mass λ wavelength Geometry and Trigonometry Retangle A bh Triangle A bh Cirle A πr C πr A area b base C irumferene h height r radius Right Triangle a + b sin θ a os θ b a tan θ a b 90 b θ Referene Tables for Physial Setting/Physis 006 Edition Page 5

6 Mehanis v a v t v f v i + at d v i t + at v f v i + ad A y A sin θ A x A os θ F a net m F f µf N F g d t F g g m p mv p before p after J F net t p F s kx Gm m r PE s kx F ma a v r PE mg h KE mv W Fd E T E T PE + KE + Q P W Fd F v t t a aeleration a entripetal aeleration A any vetor quantity d displaement or distane E T total energy F fore F entripetal fore F f fore of frition F g weight or fore due to gravity F N normal fore F net net fore F s fore on a spring g aeleration due to gravity or gravitational field strength G universal gravitational onstant h height J impulse k spring onstant KE kineti energy m mass p momentum P power PE potential energy PE s potential energy stored in a spring Q internal energy r radius or distane between enters t time interval v veloity or speed v average veloity or average speed W work x hange in spring length from the equilibrium position hange θ angle µ oeffiient of frition Referene Tables for Physial Setting/Physis 006 Edition Page 6 DET CDC