Factsheet E12. Personal Independence Payment. e y A. i c e U. Make Every Count

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1 M on Factsheet e y A dv E12 i c e U ni Personal Independence Payment Make Every Count t The information and benefit rates in this leaflet are correct at January

2 Personal Independence Payment The Welfare Reform Bill, which is currently going through Parliament, contains plans to introduce a new welfare benefit called the personal independence payment (PIP). The following information is based on what we currently know about PIP and will be subject to change. Please see for regular updates. What is the Personal Independence Payment (PIP)? The personal independence payment (PIP) will provide help towards some of the extra costs due to having a long term condition arising from ill-health or disability. Awards will be based upon the impact of the disability or health condition on the individual and their ability to live independently. It will replace new claims for disability living allowance (DLA) for people aged 16 or over from April The plan is that there will only be a few thousand new PIP claims a month in the first months of implementation. If this goes smoothly, all new claims will then be for PIP. Existing claimants won t be transferred to the new benefit until later and, again, this should be a phased process. PIP will share some common features with DLA. In particular it will have two elements: one for daily living and one for mobility. However, these will not be assessed in the same way as DLA and there will be major changes in the way the test operates. PIP will be administered by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). How can I get PIP? To get the personal independence payment you must: be aged (or below pensionable age*, whichever is the higher); satisfy the daily living and/or mobility rules for three months prior to claiming and be likely to continue to satisfy this test for a period of at least nine months after claiming; be resident and present in the UK; be habitually resident in the UK (this does not currently apply to DLA). You will not be able to claim PIP once you reach the age of 65 (or pensionable age*) but you will be able to stay on PIP if you claimed it before you reach this age. You can get PIP whether you are in or out of work. It will not be means-tested. * From December 2018 the age for claiming PIP and attendance allowance will rise in line with the pension age. How much is PIP? The rates of PIP have not yet been set but it will have an amount for daily living and another for mobility, each with two separate rates. (DLA currently has five different rates). You may qualify for either or both parts, depending on how your disability or health condition affects you. Money Advice Unit 2

3 What is the daily living component? The daily living component will have: a standard rate - if you have a limited ability to carry out daily living activities; an enhanced rate if you have a severely limited ability to carry out daily living activities. What is the mobility component? The mobility component will have: a standard rate if you have a limited ability to carry out mobility activities; an enhanced rate if you have a severely limited ability to carry out mobility activities. What if I am terminally ill? If you are suffering from an illness where death can be expected within six months, you will automatically be entitled to the enhanced rate for daily living and will not have to have a face to face consultation. You will still need to apply for the mobility part but will not have to satisfy the waiting period of 3 months. However there will be no automatic entitlement for people with specified health conditions eg those with visual impairments or receiving certain types of dialysis. Do I have to spend PIP in a certain way? If you are awarded PIP you can spend it in the way that suits you best. How will PIP be assessed? In order to get PIP you will have to score a certain number of points in eleven different activities. For daily living these are: Preparing food and drink Taking nutrition Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition Bathing and grooming Managing toilet needs or incontinence Money Advice Unit 3

4 Dressing and undressing Communicating Engaging socially Making financial decisions For the mobility component these are: Planning and following a journey Moving around Each activity has a set of descriptors. Points are awarded according to how you manage each activity. You can view a list of all the activities and descriptors, the possible points attached to each, and a list of definitions, in the appendix at the end of this factsheet. However, we don t know yet what the weekly amount of the standard and enhanced rates will be. Depending on how many points you score from the daily living activities (nos.1-9) you may be told you have: no right to PIP for daily living (0-7 points) a limited ability to carry out daily living activities (standard rate 8-11 points) or a severely limited ability to carry out daily living activities (enhanced rate 12 or more points) Depending on how many points you score from the mobility activities (nos.10-11) you may be told you have:- no right to PIP for mobility (0-7 points) a limited ability to carry out mobility activities (standard rate 8-11 points) or a severely limited ability to carry out mobility activities (enhanced rate 12 or more points) How will the descriptors work? The DWP will assess whether you are able to do the activities described in the appendix in a reliable, safe and timely manner. The choice of which descriptor applies will be based on a twelve month period. If you cannot carry out the descriptor for an activity for more than six months in total during that twelve month period, you will be awarded the appropriate points. If you have a condition that varies, you will be awarded points for the one which is likely to apply for the greatest amount of that time. Money Advice Unit 4

5 If you are waiting for further treatment, descriptor choices will be based on the likely continuing impact of the health condition or impairment as if any treatment etc hasn t taken place. How will the activities tests be applied? Unlike DLA, PIP will be based less on the claim form and more on routine medical examinations, similar to those used in the work capability assessment of employment and support allowance. An independent health professional will look at your claim form and any medical evidence from your GP or consultant. You are also likely to be asked to attend a face-to-face consultation with an independent health professional. You will be able to take someone with you, such as a family member, carer or anyone else. After that, the independent health professional will give advice to a benefit decision maker at the DWP who will decide if you are entitled to PIP and at what rate. The decision maker will also decide the length of your award and the date at which it will be reviewed. The length of award will be based on your needs and the likelihood of your condition changing. If you are given a longer award you may still be contacted during this time to see if your needs have changed. Penalties are being introduced for claimants who fail to report a change that would have resulted in a reduction in benefit. If you are unhappy with a decision about your claim you should seek advice as you may be able to challenge the decision. What happens if I am aged and currently getting DLA? If you are currently receiving disability living allowance (DLA) and you are between the ages of 16 and 64 you will be reassessed under the new benefit rules for PIP sometime between October 2013 and Initially, this should only affect you if your fixed-term award is ending or if you report a change of circumstances. You will be told in advance when this is about to happen. If you pass the conditions for PIP you will be moved on to it. You will be reassessed even if you currently have a lifetime or indefinite award of DLA. However, people with the most severe health conditions or disabilities, or those who are terminally ill, are unlikely to need a face to face consultation. This will be decided on a case by case basis. What happens if I am aged 65 or over and currently getting DLA? You will continue to get DLA for the time being. The DWP want to see how the assessment for the new benefits works for people of working age before deciding if people over 65 should undertake a new assessment. Money Advice Unit 5

6 What happens if I am aged 65 or over and currently getting attendance allowance? Attendance allowance will not be affected by the introduction of PIP. What happens if I have a child under 16 who is currently getting DLA? Children under 16 are currently not affected by the proposals and will continue, for the time being, to claim DLA. The DWP has said that it will look at how PIP is working for adults before considering any extension of it to new claims from children or to children already receiving DLA. There is also an aim to consider developing a separate assessment at a later date and this may be linked to single education, health and social care assessments. Any proposals about children will be subject to a separate consultation. For more information see After April 2013, once your child reaches their 16 th birthday, they will be assessed for PIP instead of DLA. I m not currently getting DLA but have care/supervision or mobility needs? Should I apply for DLA now? If you are not currently getting DLA you should get advice about whether you should make a claim. The fact that PIP only has two rates for daily living, not three for care like DLA, is particularly likely to affect you if you have low level and moderate disabilities and perhaps only need help with personal care for part of the day or are unable to prepare a cooked main meal. This may make it hard for you to score enough points to qualify for PIP so you should consider claiming DLA now. If you are getting DLA in April 2013 you will be able to keep it until you are reassessed for PIP. You can claim DLA by phoning the BEL Helpline on or go to Will carer s allowance be affected? Carer s allowance will continue as a stand alone benefit and entitlement will be linked to looking after someone getting either of the daily living components. Will PIP passport me to help with transport costs? The higher rate of the mobility component of DLA currently acts as a passport to help under the Motability Scheme. PIP is likely to work in the same way although, as yet, it has not been decided whether the higher rate of the mobility component or both rates of mobility component will passport you to Motability help. Money Advice Unit 6

7 The DWP is also currently working with the Department for Transport about passporting arrangements for Blue Badge, concessionary local travel and exemption from Vehicle Excise Duty. Can I influence the current proposals about PIP? The DWP announced consultation on proposed weightings and likely entitlement thresholds for the rates and components of PIP in January This ends on 30 April See You can send any comments you may have on the changes by to: pip.assessment@dwp.gsi.gov.uk Where can I find more information about PIP? For more information on PIP and welfare reform in general see the Disability Alliance website Further information is also available on and regular updates will also appear on the Money Advice Unit website Further help and advice Citizens Advice Bureaux (CAB): Legal help and advice: call the CAB Advice Line on Online information: Information about local CAB and opening times: Community Legal Advice: Legal help and information and details of other advice agencies in Hertfordshire: call the Community Legal Advice helpline on (Mon - Fri 9 am-8 pm/ Sat 9 am pm) Online information: Money Advice Unit 7

8 Appendix This information is based on a second draft of regulations and will be subject to further development and consultation. These are available at Daily living activities and descriptors Activity 1 Preparing food and drink a. Can prepare and cook a simple meal unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to either prepare or cook a simple meal. Score 2 c. Cannot cook a simple meal using a conventional cooker but can do so using a microwave. Score 2 d. Needs prompting to either prepare or cook a simple meal. - Score 2 e. Needs supervision to either prepare or cook a simple meal. Score 4 f. Needs assistance to either prepare or cook a simple meal. Score 4 g. Cannot prepare and cook food and drink at all. - Score 8 Activity 2 Taking nutrition a. Can take nutrition unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs either (i) to use an aid or appliance to take nutrition; or (ii) assistance to cut up food. Score 2 c. Needs a therapeutic source to take nutrition. Score 2 d. Needs prompting to take nutrition. - Score 4 e. Needs assistance to manage a therapeutic source to take nutrition. Score 6 f. Needs another person to convey food and drink to their mouth. Score 10 Activity 3 Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition a. Either (i) Does not receive medication, therapy or need to monitor a health condition; or (ii) can manage medication, therapy or monitor a health condition unaided, or with the use of an aid or appliance. Score 0 b. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage medication or monitor a health condition. Score 1 c. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that takes up to 3.5 hours a week. Score 2 d. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that takes between 3.5 and 7 hours a week. Score 4 e. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that takes between 7 and 14 hours a week. Score 6 f. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that takes at least 14 hours a week. Score 8 Money Advice Unit 8

9 Activity 4 Bathing and grooming a. Can bathe and groom unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to groom. Score 1 c. Needs prompting to groom. - Score 1 d. Needs assistance to groom. - Score 2 e. Needs supervision or prompting to bathe. Score 2 f. Needs to use an aid or appliance to bathe. Score 2 g. Needs assistance to bathe. - Score 4 h. Cannot bathe and groom at all. - Score 8 Activity 5 Managing toilet needs or incontinence a. Can manage toilet needs or incontinence unaided. Score 0 b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to manage toilet needs or incontinence. Score 2 c. Needs prompting to manage toilet needs. Score 2 d. Needs assistance to manage toilet needs. Score 4 e. Needs assistance to manage incontinence of either bladder or bowel. Score 6 f. Needs assistance to manage incontinence of both bladder and bowel. Score 8 g. Cannot manage incontinence at all. - Score 8 Activity 6 Dressing and undressing a. Can dress and undress unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to dress or undress. Score 2 c. Needs either (i) prompting to dress, undress or determine appropriate circumstances for remaining clothed; or (ii) assistance or prompting to select appropriate clothing. Score 2 d. Needs assistance to dress or undress lower body. Score 3 e. Needs assistance to dress or undress upper body. Score 4 f. Cannot dress or undress at all. - Score 8 Activity 7 Communicating a. Can communicate unaided and access written information unaided, or using spectacles or contact lenses. Score 0 b. Needs to use an aid or appliance other than spectacles or contact lenses to access written information. Score 2 c. Needs to use an aid or appliance to express or understand verbal communication. Score 2 d. Needs assistance to access written information. Score 4 e. Needs communication support to express or understand complex verbal information. Score 4 Money Advice Unit 9

10 f. Needs communication support to express or understand basic verbal information. Score 8 g. Cannot communicate at all. - Score 12 Activity 8 Engaging socially a. Can engage socially unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs prompting to engage socially. - Score 2 c. Needs social support to engage socially. - Score 4 d. Cannot engage socially due to such engagement causing either (i) overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant; or (ii) the claimant to exhibit uncontrollable episodes of behaviour which would result in a substantial risk of harm to the claimant or another person. Score 8 Activity 9 Making financial decisions a. Can manage complex financial decisions unaided. Score 0 b. Needs prompting to make complex financial decisions. Score 2 c. Needs prompting to make simple financial decisions. Score 4 d. Cannot make any financial decisions at all. - Score 6 Mobility activities and descriptors Activity 10 Planning and following a journey a. Can plan and follow a journey unaided. - Score 0 b. Needs prompting for all journeys to avoid overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant. - Score 4 c. Needs either (i) supervision, prompting or a support dog to follow a journey to an unfamiliar destination; or (ii) a journey to an unfamiliar destination to have been entirely planned by another person. - Score 8 d. Cannot follow any journey because it would cause overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant. - Score 10 e. Needs either (i) supervision, prompting or a support dog to follow a journey to a familiar destination; or (ii) a journey to a familiar destination to have been planned entirely by another person. - Score 15 Activity 11 Moving around a. Can move at least 200 metres either (i) unaided; or (ii) using an aid or appliance, other than a wheelchair or a motorised device. - Score 0 b. Can move at least 50 metres but not more than 200 metres either (i) unaided; or (ii) using an aid or appliance, other than a wheelchair or a motorised device. Score 4 c. Can move up to 50 metres unaided but no further. Score 8 d. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using an aid or appliance, other than a wheelchair or a motorised device. - Score 10 e. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using a wheelchair propelled by the claimant. - Score 12 f. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using a wheelchair propelled by another person or a motorised device. Score 15 Money Advice Unit 10

11 g. Cannot either (i) move around at all; or (ii) transfer unaided from one seated position to another adjacent seated position. Score15 Definitions for activities and descriptors aid or appliance means a device to improve either a physical or mental function or both. It includes a prosthesis but does not include an aid or appliance ordinarily used by a person without a physical or mental condition which limits that person s ability to carry out daily living or mobility activities; assistance means physical intervention by another person; bathe means clean one s torso, face, hands and underarms; cook means heat food at or above waist height; communicate means convey and understand information in the claimant s native language; communication support means- (a) support from a person trained to communicate with people with specific communication needs: or (b) support from someone experienced in communicating with the claimant; complex financial decisions means (a) calculating household and personal budgets; (b) managing and paying bills; and (c) planning future purchases; dress and undress includes put on and take off socks and slip-on shoes; engage socially means- (a) interact with others in a contextually and socially appropriate manner; (b) understand body language; and (c) establish relationships; groom means- (a) comb or brush one s hair; (b) wash one s hair; and (c) clean one s teeth; journey to an unfamiliar destination includes using public transport (bus or train) manage incontinence means manage evacuation of the bowel or bladder including using a collecting device or self-catheterisation; manage medication or therapy means take medication or undertake therapy, where a failure to do so is likely to result in a deterioration in the claimant s health; medication means medication prescribed or recommended by a registered doctor, nurse or pharmacist; monitor health means (a) detect significant changes in the claimant s health condition; and (b) take action advised by a healthcare professional, without which the claimant s health is likely to deteriorate; overwhelming psychological distress means distress caused by an enduring mental health condition or an intellectual or cognitive impairment; prepare, in the context of food, means the activities required to make food ready for cooking or eating; Money Advice Unit 11

12 prompt means remind or encourage and references to prompting are to prompting by another person; simple financial activities means (i) calculating the cost of goods; and (ii) calculating change required after a purchase; simple meal means a cooked, one course meal for one using fresh ingredients; social support means support from a person trained or experienced in assisting people to engage in social situations; supervision means the continuous presence of another person for the purpose of ensuring the safety of the claimant; support dog means a dog trained to guide or assist a person with a sensory impairment; take nutrition means- (a) cut food into pieces; (b) convey food or drink to one s mouth; and (c) chew and swallow food or drink; or (d) take nutrition by using a therapeutic source; therapeutic source means parental or enteral tube feeding using a rate limiting device such as a delivery system or feed pump; therapy means long-term therapy which is (a) undertaken at home; and (b) prescribed or recommended by a registered doctor, nurse, pharmacist or healthcare professional regulated by the Health Professions Council; toilet needs means- (a) get on and off the toilet; and (b) clean oneself after using the toilet; and unaided means without- (a) the use of an aid or appliance; or (b) assistance, prompting or supervision. This information is for guidance only and is not an authoritative statement of the law Money Advice Unit 12

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