Local Area Network (LAN)

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1 Local Area Network (LAN) รศ.ดร.อน นต ผลเพ ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 1

2 Outline Line Configuration Topology Multiple Access Protocol LAN Ethernet Address 2

3 Line configuration Defines the attachment of communication devices to a link A link A physical communication pathway 2 possible configurations Point-to-point Multipoint 3

4 Point-to-point Link between two devices Use entire channel capacity for communication Wire or wireless channel (link) 4

5 Point-to-point Link Satellite dish Satellite dish 5

6 Multipoint More than 2 devices share a single link Channel capacity is shared Link 6

7 Topology The way a network is physically or logically layout 2 or more devices connected to a link 2 or more links form a topology Basic topologies Mesh Star Tree Bus Ring Hybrid 7

8 Mesh Topology Each device has a dedicated point-to-point link total links = n(n-1)/2 8

9 Mesh Topology Advantages High throughput Robust High Security Easy to cope with fault Disadvantages Number of cables space & cost (material, install.) Number of I/O ports Difficult to reconfigure Usage Backbone connecting 9

10 Star Topology Each device has a dedicated point-to-point link to a central controller (Hub) PWR M100M ACTACT UPLINK COLCOL SWITCH

11 Tree Topology A variation of star PWR 10M100M ACTACT UPLINK COLCOL SWITCH PWR 10M100M ACTACT UPLINK COLCOL SWITCH PWR 10M100M ACTACT UPLINK COLCOL SWITCH

12 Bus Topology Each node connects to the Bus (a long cable running as a backbone) Terminator 12

13 Bus Topology 13

14 Bus Topology Advantages Easy to install Less cable compare to other topologies Disadvantages Difficult to cope with fault Difficult to modify Not robust 14

15 Ring Topology Each device has a dedicated point-to-point with its neighbors 15

16 Ring Topology Advantages Easy to install Easy to cope with fault Disadvantages Not robust 16

17 PWR M100M ACTACT COLCOL SWITCH UPLINK Hybrid Topologies PWR 10M100M ACTACT UPLINK COLCOL SWITCH

18 Multiple Access Protocol 18

19 Random Access Evolution MA Multiple access CSMA Carrier sense Multiple access CSMA/CD Carrier sense Multiple access Collision detect CSMA/CA Carrier sense Multiple access Collision avoidance 19

20 Transmission on a shared bus 20

21 Collision on a shared bus 21

22 Collision in CSMA 22

23 Collision in CSMA 23

24 CSMA/CD 24

25 CSMA/CD animation 25

26 CSMA/CD X Y defer CRS CRS Z defer CRS CRS collision Modified from Lucent Slide 26

27 CSMA/CA 27

28 CSMA/CA X Y CRS defer Z CRS defer defer CRS CRS Modified from Lucent Slide 28

29 Token passing 29

30 Token passing procedure 30

31 Token Ring animation 31

32 Ethernet For Baseband: Manchester Encoding For Broadband (not popular): Differential PSK (10Broad36) 32

33 Notation Thicknet 33

34 10BASE5 34

35 Notation 35

36 10Base2 36

37 Notation 37

38 10BaseT 38

39 100Base-TX 39

40 1000Base-X 40

41 Token Ring Differential Manchester encoding Support up to 16 Mbps 3 types of frames: Data/command Token Abort 41

Logical Ring Topology https://www.microsoft.

42 Logical Ring Topology 42

43 MAU 43

44 Token Ring Switch 44

45 FDDI Rings 45

46 FDDI Ring Failure 46

47 FDDI 47

48 Ethernet Address Each device has a network interface card (NIC) Can be called MAC Address / Physical Address / Ethernet Address Each NIC has a 6-byte address Written in Hexadecimal notation 00-E0-00-AB-04-50

49 Ethernet Address Unicast Address (for source and Destination) Broadcast Address Multicast Address 00-E0-00-AB FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF 11-C0-02-D

50 Find your NIC s Vendor Open terminal and find your MAC Address Visit Enter your mac address vendor OUI: Organizational Unique Identifier 00-E0-00-AB

51 Summary Line Configuration Topology Multiple Access Protocol LAN Ethernet Token Ring / FDDI Ethernet Address 51

Network Topologies. Network Topologies

Network Topologies. Network Topologies Network Topologies LANs and WANs - Geographical coverage LANs A single geographical location, such as office building, school, etc Typically High speed and cheaper. WANs Spans more than one geographical