Practice The small pockets of memory used to store data that is 6. being processed by the CPU are called.

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1 For the A+ Certification exams, you should be able to identify the names and characteristics of Intel and AMD CPUs as well as select the appropriate CPU for an upgrade. Practice 4.1 Fill in the blanks for the statements about programming. assembly high-level instructions registers compiler instruction set RAM 1. The programming language is one step above 1. machine language. 2. C++ is an example of a(n) language The commands a CPU follows are called Each processor has a set of commands called a(n) A(n) translates a high-level language into machine 5. language. 6. The small pockets of memory used to store data that is 6. being processed by the CPU are called. Practice 4.2 Match the CPU part to its definition. Not all of the definitions will be used. 1. arithmetic logic unit (ALU) a. Decodes instructions and data and transmits the data 2. bus unit to other areas in an understandable format. 3. cache b. Contains many separate, smaller storage units. 4. control unit c. Network of circuitry that connects all the other major components together, accepts data, and sends data 5. decode unit through the input and output bus sections. 6. register unit d. Small pocket of memory. e. Controls the overall operation of the cpu. f. Performs mathematical functions on data stored in the register area. g. Small temporary memory area that separates and stores incoming data and instructions. 27

2 Practice 4.3 Fill in the blanks for the statements about CPU enhancements. The following terms may be used more than once or not at all. control bus L2 cache local bus L1 cache L3 cache math coprocessor 1. The connects RAM and video card slots directly to 1. the CPU. 2. The is also called the front side bus A(n) aids in advanced calculations The runs at the same speed as the CPU The can be located inside the CPU or on the 5. motherboard. Practice 4.4 Match the processor descriptive feature with its definition. Not all of the definitions will be used. 1. CISC a. Forcing a processor to operate faster than its 2. clock doubling approved speed. 3. dynamic execution b. A CPU designed with a few transistors and small instruction set. 4. MMX processor c. Executing one or more threads at the same time. 5. multiple branch prediction d. Supports multimedia technology. 6. overclocking e. Predicts what data element will be needed next, rather 7. RISC than waiting for the next command to be issued. 8. simultaneous threading. Processing multiple instructions simultaneously. 9. superscalar g. Describes the enhanced, the superscalar, and the multiple branch prediction features associated with the Intel Pentium II processor. h. Running the CPU at a multiple of the bus frequency. 1. A bus system architecture in which one bus connects to the main memory and the other connects with the L2 cache. j. A CPU with a complex instruction set. 28 Computer Service and Repair Study Guide

3 Practice 4.5 Match the AMD processors to their major features. Name 1. AMD Athlon 64 a. designed for low-cost computer systems, comes in two 2. AMD Athlon 64 FX different styles: HyperTransport and front side bus. 3. AMD Athlon 64 X2 b. 32-bit and 64-bit processing, L1 and L2 integrated into CPU, L3 on motherboard. 4. AMD OpteronTM c. dual core processor intended for high-end systems 5. AMD Sempron and comparable to the Intel Core'" 2 Extreme. Practice 4.6 Match the Intel processors to their major features. d. developed for servers, eliminated the 4GB memory address barrier, uses 64-bit memory, uses multiple paths to process data. e. dual core processor not intended for high-end systems. 1. Intel Celerod") a. The first duo processor created by Intel and intended 2. Intel@ Coren, Duo for the laptop market. 3. Intel Core T " 2 Extreme b. Has a small L1 and L2 cache which counters the high speed of the processor resulting in less overall 4. Intel Core'" 2 Quad performance when compared to other Intel processors. 5. Intel Core'" 2 Extreme Quad c. Dual core processor comparable to the AMD dual core. Practice 4.7 Name the sockets used by each of the following processors. 1. AMD Athlon AMD Athlon 64 FX 3. AMD Athlon 64 X2 4. AMD Opteron 5. AMD Sempron'" 6. Intel Celeron 7. Intel Celeron D 8. Intel Coren, 2 Duo 9. Intel Core T '" 2 Extreme 10. Intel Pentiuml'l 4 Extreme Edition d. Has the highest dual core processor throughput and the largest L2 cache. e. Houses four processors on the same CPU and designed for intense processing. f. Comparable to the AMD Athlonn' 64 FX. Chapter 4 CPU 29

4 Practice 4.8 Identify the following sockets., o ~ " " " ~ o " o " o " A. B. c. D gggggg gggggg rooooooo o ooooooooooooooo o o ~ooooooooooooooooooooooooo ~~~~~~ E. F. G. H. 30 Computer Service and Repair Study Guide

5 Chapter 4 Review CPU Name Period Date Score Write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of the question. For fill-in-the-blank questions, provide the word or words needed to complete the sentence. 1. The acronym CPU represents. 2. The is a small unit of memory designed to assist the CPU. 3. The two major factors that affect the processing speed are clock speed, measured in or cycles per second, and width. 4. A CPU rated at 500 MHz means that it is rated at digital pulses per second. 5. The bus connects directly to the CPU. 6. The acronym FSB represents. 7. The cache is generally incorporated into the CPU structure. 8. The acronym FPU represents. 9. Running a CPU at a higher speed than it was designed for is called. 10. The acronym RISC represents, which means the processor has a fewer number of transistors and. 11. The acronym CISC represents, a processor type that uses a more complex set of. 12. MMX technology is designed specifically to support technology. 13. Superscalar technology means the CPU has been designed to process instructions at one time. 14. is a term coined by Intel to describe an enhanced superscalar technology found in the Pentium II processor. 15. The acronym DIB represents, which was introduced with the Pentium Pro and Pentium II. 16. mode is used to operate strictly within the limits of the first 1 MB of memory. Continued Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Chapter 4 CPU 85

6 Name 17. When the CPU is in mode, it can use more than 1 MB of memory and supports multitasking. 18. In mode, the processor can support more than one real mode program at the same time. 19. The three main devices that are used to cool CPUs are,, and cooling systems. 20. Slot is used for AMD chips, and Intel chips use slot. 21. The Pentium has a maximum clock speed of MHz. 22. The Pentium II has a maximum clock speed of MHz. 23. The Pentium III has a maximum clock speed of approximately and a CPU core voltage of volts. 24. The redesigned Pentium 4 is -bit. 25. The acronym SEC represents and was first introduced with the Pentium II. 26. The Pentium 4 uses the,, and sockets. 27. The Athlon 64 typically uses the socket. 28. Moore s law states that the calculating power of the CPU doubles every months. 29. The acronym ZIF represents. These types of CPUs require very little force for their installation. 30. The acronym AMD represents, a company that manufactures CPUs. 86 Computer Service and Repair Instructor s Manual Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only

Generations of the computer. processors.

Generations of the computer. processors. . Piotr Gwizdała 1 Contents 1 st Generation 2 nd Generation 3 rd Generation 4 th Generation 5 th Generation 6 th Generation 7 th Generation 8 th Generation Dual Core generation Improves and actualizations