PRESENTATION OF LIBERIA
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1 PRESENTATION OF LIBERIA
2 THE PRESIDENT OF LIBERIA HER EXCELLENCY ELLEN JOHNSON-SIRLEAF
3 THE FLAG OF LIBERIA Official name: Flag description: Capital: Location: Republic of Liberia 11 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a white five-pointed star on a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner; the design was based on the US flag Monrovia Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'ivoire and Sierra Leone
4 THE MAP OF LIBERIA
5 THE SEAL OF LIBERIA
6 PRESENTED BY: Henry F.G. Mulbah, Electrical Engineer and Sumo V. Ballah, Civil Engineer PRESENTED TO: Hangzhou Regional Center Staffs and Participants PRESENTED AT: Hangzhou Regional Center (Asia and Pacific) on Small Hydropower (HRC) DATE : June 23-24, 2011
7 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Discussion 3. The natural resources of Liberia 4. Potential rivers in Liberia that have the 5. capacity to generate electricity 6. Small hydropower in Liberia 7. The Power Sector 8. Electricity in Liberia 9. The Power Program 10. The rural dwellers 11. Solar energy 12. Wind power 13. Recommendation 14. Conclusion
8 INTRODUCTION This presentation is intended to acquaint its listeners with the following ideas and facts about Liberia. It includes a brief history of the country s formation, its location, its measure, its climate, its power sector and its natural resources including potential power generating rivers. DISCUSSION BRIEF HISTORY ON LIBERIA S FORMATIOM, LOCATION, MEASURE, AND CLIMATE Liberia was founded in 1822 by the American colonization Society (ACS) and it began an independent nation on July 26, The population is about 3.5 million. The area is about 43,000square miles and the coastline is 350miles. Liberia is located on the west coast of Africa. It is bounded on the west by the Republic of sierra Leone, on the east by the Republic of Ivory Coast, on the north by the Republic of Guinea, and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean. There are two (2) seasons in Liberia. Namely: the wet season and the dry season. The wet season begins in April and ends in November or December while the dry season begins in November and ends in April. Liberia has a tropical climate.
9 THE NATURAL RESOURCES OF LIBERIA The natural resources of Liberia are gold, diamond, iron ore, and timber. POTENTIAL RIVERS IN LIBERIA THAT HAVE THE CAPACITY TO GENERATE ELECTIRCITY There are six (6) major rivers in Liberia. Namely: 1. The St. Paul River with its source from the Republic of Guinea. 2. The St. John River with its source from the Republic of Guinea. 3. The Cavalla River with its source from the Republic of Ivory Coast and forms the boundary between Liberia and Ivory Coast. 4. The Mano River with its source from the Republic of Sierra Leone and forms the boundary between Liberia and Sierra Leone. 5. The Lofa River 6. The Cestos River All of these rivers have the potential for hydropower development. The Mount Coffee Dam is located on the St. Paul River which had a total installed capacity of 64MW. This hydropower plant was destroyed during the civil crisis in the country.
10 SMALL HYDROPOWER IN LIBERIA Before the civil crisis in the country there were two (2) small hydropower stations. 1. A small hydropower station located at Harbel, Margibi County with an installed capacity of 4MW belonging to the Firestone Rubber Plantation Company. 2. A 30KW micro hydropower plant belonging to an American (private) which was destroyed during the civil war in the country. But this micro hydropower plant has been turned over to an Indian Company for rehabilitation. The country had a total installed capacity of 68MW but as of now only the 4MW hydropower station in Harbel, Margibi County is functional.
11 THE POWER SECTOR The power sector of Liberia is coordinated and monitored by the Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy (MLME) especially the Department of Energy (DOE) which is headed by an assistant minister. The power sector is divided into three (3) subsectors. They are: 1. LEC Liberia Electricity Corporation has monopoly for the distribution of power in the country. 2. LPRC Liberia Petroleum Refining Company which is responsible for the storage of petroleum products and the distribution of the products 3. NOCAL National Oil Company of Liberia which is charged with the responsibility for petroleum exploration and exploitation. ELECTRICITY IN LIBERIA The 64MW hydropower station that was destroyed in the country during the civil war did not only force the country into total darkness but is keeping investors from investing in the country also. It is indeed expensive to run a diesel generator which required huge sum of money. Nevertheless, the country has no choice but to develop a program called THE EMERGENCY POWER PROGRAM (EPP). This program is responsible to supply power to Monrovia and its environs.
12 The Power Program is divided into three (3) phases: PHASE I The Emergency Power Program (EPP) - from 2006 to 2008 Under the Emergency Power Program (EPP) which is been supervised by the Liberia Electricity Corporation the unit price for the power supply to costumers is 0.55kWh. The total installed capacity for the diesel power is 23MW. PHASE II The Capacity Building Program (CBP) - from 2008 to 2010 PHASE III The Developmental stage from 2010 to 2015 THE RURAL DWELLERS The rural dwellers in Liberia use traditional biomass for lighting, heating and cooking while others are using private generator for lighting and commercial. For business purposes, about 20% of the population is using charcoal and firewood to earn their living. The use of traditional biomass is causing serious health problems for the population and also causing environmental degradation which results to climate change and green gas emission. This problem can only be mitigated by replacing the traditional biomass with affordable modern energy source.
13 SOLAR ENERGY Due to the destruction of the hydropower station in the country and the risk of using the diesel generator, many of the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been providing solar panel for the purpose of supplying power to public buildings such as clinics, schools, hospitals, ministries, streetlights, etc. WINDPOWER There has been no assessment done in Liberia for wind power. But from observation in the country wind is mostly experienced in the coastal and mountainous areas.
14 Energy Sector Overview Electric grid near Monrovia, transporting electricity from the Mount Coffee hydroelectric dam. The Department of Energy continued to serve and maintain linkages with energy-oriented organizations both state-controlled and privately owned. In addition, it continued to monitor and coordinate the energy sector (both conventional and non-conventional) in an effort to ensure effective and efficient utilization and management of energy resources. Beginning in 1981, the energy unit within the Office of the President of Liberia was integrated into the then Ministry of Lands and Mines thus the Energy in the official name of the Ministry. The Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy has an awkward organization structure that inhibits its operational efficiency especially in its energy oversight responsibility. The three functional areas of the Ministry-Lands, Minerals and Energy-are clustered under a deputy minister of operations.
15 Within this scheme the energy functional area was not given the deserved attention at the expense of traditional Lands and Mineral functions encourage truly sustainable forestry, including production of green charcoal from such forests, with revenues used to support local communities, and to ensure that energy considerations are integrated with food and farming policies. ABOUT The Ministry of Lands, Mines & Energy The Ministry of Lands Mines and Energy or the MLME of Liberia was established in the year Situated at Monrovia in Liberia, this department has been attracting investments in the mineral sector by reforming the rules of this department. It has introduced many mineral rights and reforms in the land regulation acts. It has also proudly devised policies to control immoral use of contracts. It also aims to provide safe drinking water by conducting various researches on the quality of water with the help of many institutions and NGOs. The ministry also tries to consolidate data regarding the new mineral resources of the country and also inspecting the alluvial regions. Administered efficiently by the Minister Dr. Roosevelt Jayjay, the department has been organizing the Liberian Mining, Energy and Petroleum Conference and Exhibition.
16 RECOMMENDATIONS 1. We recommend that the Chinese Government through HRC to invest in the power sector by constructing hydropower stations to alleviate the shortage of electricity in the country. 2. To train engineers and technicians for the operation and maintenance of these stations. CONCLUSION The destruction of the hydropower plant in Liberia bought total collapse to the power sector. There can be no economic improvement without electricity. Therefore, the shortage of electricity in the country is causing potential investors not to invest in the country. THE END THANK YOU
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