Ideas from three monotheistic religions helped shape democratic traditions.

Transcription

1 Prologue Section 2 Judeo- Christian Tradition Ideas from three monotheistic religions helped shape democratic traditions.

2 Judaism Religion of the Hebrews Monotheists People are created in God s image Moral Freedom

3 Written Code of Laws (10 Commandments) ( BCE) This law focused on morality and ethics. Prophets (8 th century)

4 The Ten Commandments I. I am the Lord thy God Thou shalt have no other gods before me. II. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven images III. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain IV. Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy. V. Honor thy father and they mother VI. Thou shalt not kill. VII. Thou shalt no commit adultery. VIII.Thou shalt not steal. IX. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. X. Thou shalt not covet. Anything that is thy neighbors.

5 Christianity Rome took control of Judea circa 63 B.C.

6 Jesus of Nazareth was Jewish and Roman. 29 C.E. Jesus King of the Jews visits Jerusalem. Roman Governor considered him a political threat.

7 Jesus was put to death by Crucifixion. Pietà, Michelangelo, 16th c.: Jesus' mother Mary holds the body of her dead son

8 According to his followers he rose from the dead three days later and ascended into Heaven. Jesus became referred to as Jesus Christ. Christos in Greek translates to savior. The word Christianity was derived from the name Christ.

9 Islam Founded in the Early 600s. Islam is based on the teachings of Muhammad. Muhammad s teachings are found in the holy book known as the Qur an. Emphasized the dignity of all humans and brotherhood of man.

10 A belief in the bond of community lead to a tolerance for different groups within the community. Followers of Islam are known as Muslims.

11 Rulers are forced to obey the same laws as those they rule. Required to show religious tolerance to Hebrews and Christians.

12 Renaissance By the Middle Ages the Roman Catholic Church was the most powerful institution in Europe. Expected unquestionable obedience

13 The Renaissance (French for Rebirth) would start in the 1300s. Marked by sudden interest in classical culture. David, by Michelangelo. The Accademia Gallery, Florence.

14 Old monuments, paintings, and statues were being restored.

15 Renaissance thinkers were interested in earthly life. Rembrandt s self portrait (1662) Rembrandt s famous painting "Anatomical Lecture"

16 Renaissance Education was intended to prepare some for public education instead of just the church. Scholars placed increasing value on subjects concerned with humankind and culture.

17 Renewed studies in classical texts. Intellectual movement was concerned with human potential and achievement.

18 Renaissance Thinkers and writers began to explore ideas about political power and the role of government in the lives of ordinary people.

19 Renaissance stressed individualism. St Jerome in his study by Antonello da Messina.

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22 Explorers demonstrated it by traveling to uncharted areas.

23 SUCH AS???

24 A modern replica of Drake's Golden Hind Sir Francis Drake English Circumnavigates the World

25 Sir Walter Raleigh English The Discovery of Guiana and establishing the Virginia colony of Roanoke Island in (1584)

26 Marco Polo Italian Exploration of China and Asia

27 Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese First voyage around the World by this famous explorer

28 Christopher Columbus Italian / Spanish Discovery of the New World by this famous explorer

29 Francisco Pizarro Spanish Famous Explorer who conquered the Incas of Peru

30 Amerigo Vespucci Italian / Spanish America was named after this famous explorer

31 Vasco da Gama Portuguese Discovery of an ocean route from Portugal to the East by this famous explorer

32 Juan Ponce de Leon Spanish First European explorer to set foot in Florida

33 Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Spanish First European to explore the Southwest of North America in Arizona and New Mexico

34 Hernando Cortes Spanish Spanish conqueror of Mexico and the Aztec Empire

35 Estevanico North African Exploring Texas and Southwest America and heralded as having been the first African in North America.

36 The Reformation Challenges Church Power People began questioning the church in Germany in 1517.

37 Those who wanted to reform the Catholic Church were called Protestants. Reformers stressed the importance of a direct relationship with God.

38 A monk and teacher named Martin Luther criticized the church for selling pardons for sins.

39 Protestantism encouraged people to make their own religious judgments. New churches were established. - Lutheran, Presbyterian, Calvinists, Anglican.

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