THE CIVIL WAR

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Jordan Gordon
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1 THE CIVIL WAR

2 ESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHY DID THE USA HAVE A CIVIL WAR?

3 The American Civil War (p.169) A civil war is a war between two groups within a nation. The American Civil War was fought between the North and the South. It began in the year It ended in the year 1865.

4 Why? Causes of the Civil War Slavery North abolitionists : people that wanted to abolish (put an end to) slavery Ways of life City life in North; Plantations in South Free labor v. slave labor Free labor (you choose where you want to work and get paid wages); slave labor (you are forced to work on a property without getting paid wages you do get food and lodging) States rights illegal to secede from the Union; federal government v. state government Political Power more free states=more Northern Power; more slave states=more Southern Power

Abraham Lincoln (p.167) Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860.

5 Abraham Lincoln (p.167) Abraham Lincoln was elected president in Abe: I m from the North.

6 Secession What is that? (p.139) Southern states began to secede (to withdraw/break away) from the Union with the election of Abraham Lincoln. South Carolina was first. (Hmm what do you remember about South Carolina?)

7 The Confederacy (p.168) 11 states made their own government and formed a new country called the Confederate States of America (or Confederacy). They made Jefferson Davis their President. l_war/secession.htm Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy

8 Secession 11 states become their own country Border States: Slaves states that remained part of the Union

10 The North s Response to the South s Secession The North felt that secession was against the law, so they were willing to fight back with force to make the South rejoin the Union. On April 12, 1861, Confederate soldiers attacked Fort Sumter (a fort in South Carolina controlled by the North) to force the Union soldiers out of South Carolina. (p ) This would be the beginning of the Civil War.

12 ESSENTIAL QUESTION: WHY DID THE USA HAVE A CIVIL WAR? abolitionists : people that wanted to abolish (put an end to) slavery

13 The Opposing Sides (p ) Called the Union President Lincoln Blue 27 states 22 million people NORTH Blue Called the Confederacy Gray SOUTH Gray President Davis Gray 11 states 9 million people

14 Questions to think about: Do you think a civil war was the best solution to the dispute between the North and South? Why or why not? If not, what would be a better solution? If so, why was this solution best? Would you side and fight against your own family or against your state? Why?

15 The Most Famous Generals NORTH Ulysses S. Grant commander-in-chief of the Union SOUTH Robert E. Lee commander-in-chief of the Confederacy

16 The Civil War was a DEADLY war. (p.185) No one thought the war would last for 4 years. Both sides assumed that there would be a quick victory and expected to win. The American Civil War is the most deadly war in our nation s history with the most American lives lost.

17 Battles (p.176) Battles took place between both sides, but the majority of the battles occurred in the South. tm Confederate soldiers would fight while the slaves worked the farms and in Southern factories. The North stayed supplied by all the industries/factories located in the North.

The Emancipation Proclamation (p. 180) President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, to free all the slaves in the Southern states.

18 The Emancipation Proclamation (p. 180) President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, to free all the slaves in the Southern states. However, the Confederacy did not recognize it as a valid document, and many slaves were forced to stay behind and work, even though they were free. Many of the slaves that did escape to the North, however, joined forces with the North to abolish slavery forever in the South.

19 Underground Railroad (p.150) Prior to the Civil War (and the Emancipation Proclamation), many slaves would secretly escape using the Underground Railroad. The Underground Railroad was not a railroad nor was it underground rather, it was a secret route for the slaves forced to stay in the South to leave and escape to the North. It was dangerous for slaves to try and escape, but many were willing to take the chance and did indeed escape to the North. Now, thanks to Lincoln s Emancipation Proclamation, all Confederate slaves were free and could escape to Union lines to claim their freedom.

21 The Battle of Gettysburg (p.180) Probably the most famous battle of all was the Battle of Gettysburg. The Battle of Gettysburg is known by many as the turning point of the Civil War because after this the South could never seem to gain the upper-hand again. It was one of only 2 battles fought on Northern soil. The Union defeated the Confederacy, but MANY lives were lost on both sides. A cemetery was put there as a memorial to the fallen soldiers. d=ac18110c-393e-4026-bb3d- F07BCA93C46E&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

22 The Gettysburg Address (p ) Four score and seven years ago our Fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

23 The Razing of Atlanta (p. 191) On September 2, 1864, Atlanta was the site of a big battle in the Civil War as well. General William T. Sherman of the Union captured Atlanta and burnt it to the ground. He then began his famous march to the sea and he and his soldiers started in Atlanta and marched all the way to Savannah, plundering and destroying buildings, railroads, and farms in their path.

24 Surrender The war is FINALLY over! (p ) Finally, the day came when General Lee was surrounded by General Grant s forces in Appomattox Court House, Virginia. General Lee had no choice but to surrender to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.

25 Important Events April 12, 1861 Attack on Fort Sumter (start of Civil War) January 1, 1863 Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Lincoln July 1-3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg (the turning point of the Civil War) November 19, 1863 Gettysburg Address March 9, 1864 Ulysses S. Grant becomes general-in-chief of the Union

26 Important Events September 2, 1864 General William T. Sherman razed Atlanta February 6, 1865 Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief of the Confederacy April 9, 1865 General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House April 14, 1865 Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth April 26, 1865 John Wilkes Booth shot and killed

27 Important Faces of the Civil War Clara Barton (p.185/188) Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee Mary S. Peake Robert Shaw Robert Smalls Abraham Lincoln Harriet Tubman William T. Sherman Stonewall Jackson (p.177) Sally Tompkins Jefferson Davis

28 QUICK INFO. VIDEO: UCATION.COM/INDEX.CFM?G UIDASSETID= C4FE-48E7-8B53-83A616190CF1&BLNFROMSE ARCH=1&PRODUCTCODE=US

Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction Gettysburg and the Gettysburg Address

Non-fiction: Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction Gettysburg and the Gettysburg Address Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction Gettysburg and the Gettysburg Address In the summer of 1863, Southern