Multiple Oral Dose Administration. Pedro Baratta

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Multiple Oral Dose Administration. Pedro Baratta"

Transcription

1 Multiple Oral Dose Administration Pedro Baratta

2

3 However Cpmin can be more easily determined at t = 0 or t = t. Thus at t = 0 and n ->. Plot Cp Versus Time after a Single Dose showing Possible Time of Second Dose

4 This can be further simplified if we assume that the subsequent doses are given after the plasma concentration has peaked and e- ka * t is close to zero. That is the next dose is given after the absorption phase is complete. Cpmin then becomes:-

5 The relationship between loading dose and maintenance dose and thus drug accumulation during multiple dose administration can be studied by looking at the ratio between the minimum concentration at steady state and the concentration one dosing interval (t) after the first dose.

6 Which can be simplified to give: We can further simplify Equation, if we assume that ka >> kel: then (ka - kel) approximatley equal to ka and thus approximately = 1.

7 Another very useful concentration term for the calculation of oral dosing regimens is the average plasma concentration,, during the dosing interval at steady state. This term is defined as the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve during the dosing interval at steady state divided by the dosing interval.

8

9 By integrating the equation for plasma concentration at the plateau, between t = 0 and t = t gives:

10 An interesting result of this equation is that we get the same average plasma concentration whether the dose is given as a single dose every t dosing interval or is subdivided into shorter dosing intervals. For example 300 mg every 12 hours will give the same average plasma concentration as 100 mg every 4 hours. Of course, the difference between the maximum and minimum plasma concentration will be larger in the case of the less frequent dosing. For example F = 1.0; V = 30 liter; t 1/2 = 6 hours or kel = 0.693/6 = hr -1. We can now calculate the dose given every 12 hours required to achieve an average plasma concentration of 15 mg/l.

11 =

12 We could now calculate the loading dose R = e -kel * [[tau]] = e x 12 = 0.25

13 To get some idea of the fluctuations in plasma concentration we could calculate the Cpmin value.

14 Therefore the plasma concentration would probably fluctuate between 7 and 23 mg/l (very approximate) with an average concentration of about 15 mg/l. [23 = 15 + (15-7), i.e. high = average + (average - low), very approximate!].

15 As an alternative we could give half the dose, 312 mg, every 6 hours give:-

16 The Cp would be the same Thus the plasma concentration would fluctuate between about 10.4 to 20 with an average of 15 mg/l.

17 Superposition Principle Applies when all disposition processes are linear. That is, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (DME) processes are linear or first order. Thus, concentrations after multiple doses can be calculated by adding together the concentrations from each dose. For example, calculate drug concentration at 24 hours after the first dose of 200 mg. The second dose of 300 mg was given at 6 hours and the third dose of 100 mg at 18 hours.

18

19 Non-uniform dosing intervals The calculations we have looked at consider that the dosing intervals are quite uniform, however, commonly this ideal situation is not adhered to completely. Dosing three times a day may be interpreted as with meals, the plasma concentration may then look like the plot in Figure 60. The ratio between Cpmax and Cpmin is seven fold (8.2/1.1 = 7.45) in this example.

20

21 However this regimen may be acceptable if 1) the drug has a wide therapeutic index 2) there is no therapeutic disadvantage to low overnight plasma concentrations, e.g., analgesic of patient stays asleep.

22 Exercicio 1 A drug is to be given orally every six hours to achieve an average concentration of 15 mg/l. Calculate the dose (F = 0.90) required if t 1/2 = 11 hours and V = 23 L. Estimate the peak and trough concentrations after steady state is reached.

23 t 1/2 = 11 hr means the kel = 0.06 hr -1 Thus, Dose = 15 x 23 x 0.06 x 6 / 0.9 = 145 mg. Give 150 mg to achieve a of 15.5 mg/l Cp min = (150 / 23) x (0.69 / (1-0.69)) = 12.8 mg/l By rough estimation Cp max can be calculated as 18.2 mg/l ( ( ))

24 Exercicio 2 Exemplo IV Calculate an appropriate dosing regimen for the following male patient; age = 56 years, weight = 79 kg, serum creatinine = 2.0 mg/ 100 ml (mg%). With this drug the kel is a function of creatinine clearance; kel = 0.04 hr -1 with CLCr = 20 ml/min and kel = 0.12 hr -1 with CLCr = 75 ml/min. Apparent volume of distribution is calculated as 0.28 L/kg. Develop a dosing regimen to keep the peak concentration close to but below 6 µg/ml and the trough concentration below 1.0 µg/ml.

25 CL CR = (140-56) x 79 / (72 x 2.0) = 46.1 ml/min By plotting kel versus CL CR it is possible to interpolate a value of kel for the patient

26 From this graph or by calculations the kel patient = hr -1

27 R = Cp min /Cp max = 1/6 = e -kel*tau Taking ln of both sides and solving for tau gives a value of 23.0 hr. Adjusting this upwards (to avoid extending the concentration range) give a new tau value of 24 hours. The new R value is now e x 24 = Maintenance dose can be calculated from Cp max * V * (1 - R) = 6 x 0.28 x 79 x ( ) = 112 mg (probably give 100 mg which would produce a Cp max of 5.34 mg/l and Cp min of mg/l). The required loading dose can be calculated as Cp max * V = 6 x 0.28 x 79 = 133 mg (125 mg would produce a Cp max of 5.65 mg/l).

IV solutions may be given either as a bolus dose or infused slowly through a vein into the plasma at a constant or zero-order rate.

IV solutions may be given either as a bolus dose or infused slowly through a vein into the plasma at a constant or zero-order rate. د.شيماء Biopharmaceutics INTRAVENOUS INFUSION: IV solutions may be given either as a bolus dose or infused slowly through a vein into the plasma at a constant or zero-order rate. The main advantage for

More information

PHAR 7633 Chapter 19 Multi-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Models

PHAR 7633 Chapter 19 Multi-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Models Student Objectives for this Chapter PHAR 7633 Chapter 19 Multi-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Models To draw the scheme and write the differential equations appropriate to a multi-compartment pharmacokinetic

More information

PHAR 7633 Chapter 21 Non-Linear Pharmacokinetic Models

PHAR 7633 Chapter 21 Non-Linear Pharmacokinetic Models Student Objectives for this Chapter PHAR 7633 Chapter 21 Non-Linear Pharmacokinetic Models To draw the scheme and write the differential equations for compartmental pharmacokinetic models with non-linear

More information

Statistics and Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Pharmacology Studies

Statistics and Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Pharmacology Studies Paper ST03 Statistics and Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Pharmacology Studies ABSTRACT Amy Newlands, GlaxoSmithKline, Greenford UK The aim of this presentation is to show how we use statistics and pharmacokinetics

More information

Clinical Study Synopsis for Public Disclosure

Clinical Study Synopsis for Public Disclosure abcd Clinical Study for Public Disclosure This clinical study synopsis is provided in line with s Policy on Transparency and Publication of Clinical Study Data. The synopsis - which is part of the clinical

More information

Questions and Answers for Health Care Providers: Renal Dosing and Administration Recommendations for Peramivir IV

Questions and Answers for Health Care Providers: Renal Dosing and Administration Recommendations for Peramivir IV Questions and Answers for Health Care Providers: Renal Dosing and Administration Recommendations for Peramivir IV The purpose of this document is to provide additional clarification to the existing information

More information

PHAR 7633 Chapter 22 Non-Linear Regression Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Data Individual Data and Population Analysis

PHAR 7633 Chapter 22 Non-Linear Regression Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Data Individual Data and Population Analysis PHAR 7633 Chapter 22 Non-Linear Regression Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Data Individual Data and Population Analysis Student Objectives for this Chapter Understand the use of computer programs such as Boomer

More information

How To Remove A Drug By Therapeutic Apheresis

How To Remove A Drug By Therapeutic Apheresis Medication Removal by Apheresis Yanyun Wu, M.D., Ph.D. Yale University School of Medicine 1 Objectives Review basic pharmacokinetics and its relevance in drug removal by therapeutic apheresis (TPE) Review

More information

( ) = ( ) = {,,, } β ( ), < 1 ( ) + ( ) = ( ) + ( )

( ) = ( ) = {,,, } β ( ), < 1 ( ) + ( ) = ( ) + ( ) { } ( ) = ( ) = {,,, } ( ) β ( ), < 1 ( ) + ( ) = ( ) + ( ) max, ( ) [ ( )] + ( ) [ ( )], [ ( )] [ ( )] = =, ( ) = ( ) = 0 ( ) = ( ) ( ) ( ) =, ( ), ( ) =, ( ), ( ). ln ( ) = ln ( ). + 1 ( ) = ( ) Ω[ (

More information

1: CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS

1: CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS : CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS General overview: clinical pharmacokinetics, 2 Pharmacokinetics, 4 Drug clearance (CL), 6 Volume of distribution (Vd), 8 The half-life (t½), 0 Oral availability (F), 2 Protein

More information

A Peak at PK An Introduction to Pharmacokinetics

A Peak at PK An Introduction to Pharmacokinetics Paper IS05 A Peak at PK An Introduction to Pharmacokinetics Hannah Twitchett, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK Paul Grimsey, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK ABSTRACT The aim of this

More information

Statistical estimation using confidence intervals

Statistical estimation using confidence intervals 0894PP_ch06 15/3/02 11:02 am Page 135 6 Statistical estimation using confidence intervals In Chapter 2, the concept of the central nature and variability of data and the methods by which these two phenomena

More information

q = 6.74x1 =6.74 10-1 mg/l x 3.78x10 L/d = 3.4x10 mg / day a) Single CMFR mg/g C Organic Load = Carbon requirement = 6.74 mg 1000 g C inf = 10 mg/l

q = 6.74x1 =6.74 10-1 mg/l x 3.78x10 L/d = 3.4x10 mg / day a) Single CMFR mg/g C Organic Load = Carbon requirement = 6.74 mg 1000 g C inf = 10 mg/l Example An industrial wastewater contains 10 mg/l chlorophenol, and is going to be treated by carbon adsorption. 90% removal is desired. The wastewater is discharged at a rate of 0.1 MGD. Calculate the

More information

BIOAVAILABILITY & BIOEQUIVALENCE TRIALS

BIOAVAILABILITY & BIOEQUIVALENCE TRIALS BIOAVAILABILITY & BIOEQUIVALENCE TRIALS Shubha Rani,, Ph.D. Technical Director & Head-Biometrics and Data Management Synchron Research Services Pvt. Ltd. Ahmedabad 380 054 drshubha@synchronresearch.com

More information

TESTOSTERONE HALF-LIVES; METABOLISM AND DEGRADATION RATE

TESTOSTERONE HALF-LIVES; METABOLISM AND DEGRADATION RATE july 2011: page 1 of 6 HOW TO PREDICT YOUR TESTOSTERONE LEVELS BETTER THAN YOUR PHYSICIAN CAN - FOR MALE PATIENTS OF TRT ; METABOLISM AND DEGRADATION RATE Amount of drug left in the body Amount of drug

More information

Drug Excretion. Renal Drug Clearance. Drug Clearance and Half-Life. Glomerular Filtration II. Glomerular Filtration I. Drug Excretion and Clearance

Drug Excretion. Renal Drug Clearance. Drug Clearance and Half-Life. Glomerular Filtration II. Glomerular Filtration I. Drug Excretion and Clearance t/.drugexcretion AINTRAVENOUSDOSE 36848765430TIME(hours) t/ Drug Excretion Dr. Robert G. Lamb Professor Pharmacology & Toxicology Drug Excretion and Clearance Drug Excretion: is the movement of drug from

More information

DVT/PE Management with Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

DVT/PE Management with Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) DVT/PE Management with Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) Rivaroxaban is FDA approved for the acute treatment of DVT and PE and reduction in risk of recurrence of DVT and PE. FDA approved indications: Non valvular

More information

Cytotoxic and Biotherapies Credentialing Programme Module 5

Cytotoxic and Biotherapies Credentialing Programme Module 5 Cytotoxic and Biotherapies Credentialing Programme Module 5 1. Drug Dose Determination 2. Drug Calculations 3. Role of the Second Checker 4. The Checking Process At the completion of this module the RN

More information

Solomon S. Steiner, Lutz Heinemann, Roderike Pohl, Frank Flacke, Andreas Pfützner, Patrick V. Simms, Marcus Hompesch. EASD September 18, 2007

Solomon S. Steiner, Lutz Heinemann, Roderike Pohl, Frank Flacke, Andreas Pfützner, Patrick V. Simms, Marcus Hompesch. EASD September 18, 2007 Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Insulin VIAject TM, Insulin Lispro and Regular Human Insulin When Injected Subcutaneously Immediately Before a Meal in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Solomon S.

More information

TACROLIMUS LEVELS IN LIVER TRANSPLANT; INDIAN STUDY

TACROLIMUS LEVELS IN LIVER TRANSPLANT; INDIAN STUDY TACROLIMUS LEVELS IN LIVER TRANSPLANT; INDIAN STUDY PRADEEP NAIK*, DHARMESH KAPOOR**, DCS REDDY** *Dept. of Biochemistry, ** Dept. of Hepatology Global Hospital, lakdi ka pool, Hyderabad, 500004. Introduction:

More information

AP Statistics Solutions to Packet 2

AP Statistics Solutions to Packet 2 AP Statistics Solutions to Packet 2 The Normal Distributions Density Curves and the Normal Distribution Standard Normal Calculations HW #9 1, 2, 4, 6-8 2.1 DENSITY CURVES (a) Sketch a density curve that

More information

Method To Solve Linear, Polynomial, or Absolute Value Inequalities:

Method To Solve Linear, Polynomial, or Absolute Value Inequalities: Solving Inequalities An inequality is the result of replacing the = sign in an equation with ,, or. For example, 3x 2 < 7 is a linear inequality. We call it linear because if the < were replaced with

More information

Hydration Protocol for Cisplatin Chemotherapy

Hydration Protocol for Cisplatin Chemotherapy Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Version: 1.3 CSPM2 Hydration Protocol for Cisplatin Chemotherapy Date to be reviewed: July 2018 No of pages: 9 Author(s): Tracy Parry-Jones Author(s) title: Lead Cancer

More information

The sensitive marker for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Estimation of GFR from Serum Cystatin C:

The sensitive marker for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Estimation of GFR from Serum Cystatin C: The sensitive marker for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Estimation of GFR from Serum Cystatin C: The good correlation allows close estimation of GFR Cystatin C GFR GFR in serum estimated* measured* n

More information

Bioavailability / Bioequivalence

Bioavailability / Bioequivalence Selection of CROs Selection of a Reference Product Metrics (AUC, C max /t max, Shape of Profile) Acceptance Ranges (0.80 1.25 and beyond) Sample Size Planning (Literature References, Pilot Studies) Steps

More information

What is creatinine? The kidneys maintain the blood creatinine in a normal range. Creatinine has been found to be a fairly reliable indicator of kidney

What is creatinine? The kidneys maintain the blood creatinine in a normal range. Creatinine has been found to be a fairly reliable indicator of kidney What is creatinine? Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from muscle metabolism. Creatinine is produced from creatine, a molecule of major importance for energy production in muscles.

More information

New anticoagulants: Monitoring or not Monitoring? Not Monitoring

New anticoagulants: Monitoring or not Monitoring? Not Monitoring The 2 nd World Congress on CONTROVERSIES IN HEMATOLOGY (COHEM) Barcelona, Spain September 6 8, 2012 New anticoagulants: Monitoring or not Monitoring? Not Monitoring Anna Falanga, MD Immunohematology and

More information

The Role of the Newer Anticoagulants

The Role of the Newer Anticoagulants The Role of the Newer Anticoagulants WARFARIN = Coumadin DAGIBATRAN = Pradaxa RIVAROXABAN = Xarelto APIXABAN = Eliquis INDICATION DABIGATRAN (Pradaxa) RIVAROXABAN (Xarelto) APIXABAN (Eliquis) Stroke prevention

More information

PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOKINETICS

PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOKINETICS Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology HST.151: Principles of Pharmocology Instructor: Prof. Carol Walsh HST-151 1 PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOKINETICS Learning Objectives: 1. Describe the physicochemical

More information

COLLOIDAL SILVER: WHERE DOES IT GO WHEN YOU DRINK IT? HOW LONG DOES IT STAY THERE?

COLLOIDAL SILVER: WHERE DOES IT GO WHEN YOU DRINK IT? HOW LONG DOES IT STAY THERE? COLLOIDAL SILVER: WHERE DOES IT GO WHEN YOU DRINK IT? HOW LONG DOES IT STAY THERE? Disclaimer This report is for informational purposes only. It is not meant to be a personal guide for colloidal silver

More information

Teriflunomide is the active metabolite of Leflunomide, a drug employed since 1994 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (Baselt, 2011).

Teriflunomide is the active metabolite of Leflunomide, a drug employed since 1994 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (Baselt, 2011). Page 1 of 10 ANALYTE NAME AND STRUCTURE TERIFLUNOMIDE Teriflunomide TRADE NAME Aubagio CATEGORY Antimetabolite TEST CODE PURPOSE Therapeutic Drug Monitoring GENERAL RELEVANCY BACKGROUND sclerosis. The

More information

Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Vancouver Coastal Health & Providence Health Care Regional Guideline. September 27, 2011. (Version 3.

Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Vancouver Coastal Health & Providence Health Care Regional Guideline. September 27, 2011. (Version 3. Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Vancouver Coastal Health & Providence Health Care Regional Guideline Sept. 27, 2011 (Version 3.5) Developed by: Jane de Lemos, Tim Lau, Mike Legal. Endorsed by: Terri

More information

DOSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP

DOSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP DOSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP A fundamental principle of pharmacology is that the intensity of effect produced by a drug is a function of the quantity of drug administered (or the concentration of the drug

More information

SECTION 6 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

SECTION 6 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING SECTION 6 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING Kieran Hand Consultant Pharmacist Anti-infectives The objectives of this section are: To test your ability to monitor serum levels for drugs with a narrow therapeutic

More information

Ca : methods for determining DRIs. Adults. 4average requirement, meta-analyzed balance studies by FAO/WHO :

Ca : methods for determining DRIs. Adults. 4average requirement, meta-analyzed balance studies by FAO/WHO : Minerals Categories of Ds for Minerals - Ca, P, Na, Cl, K, Mg - Mineral Ca RDA P Ca ; 서울대학교 이연숙 Na P ; 국민대학교 김선희 Na, Cl ; 동의대학교 임화재 K ; 국민대학교 장문정 Mg ; 인하대학교 천종희 Cl K Mg Indicators for Estimating Ds Ca

More information

Absorption of Drugs. Transport of a drug from the GI tract

Absorption of Drugs. Transport of a drug from the GI tract Absorption of Drugs Absorption is the transfer of a drug from its site of administration to the bloodstream. The rate and efficiency of absorption depend on the route of administration. For IV delivery,

More information

EFFIMET 1000 XR Metformin Hydrochloride extended release tablet

EFFIMET 1000 XR Metformin Hydrochloride extended release tablet BRAND NAME: Effimet XR. THERAPEUTIC CATEGORY: Anti-Diabetic PHARMACOLOGIC CLASS: Biguanides EFFIMET 1000 XR Metformin Hydrochloride extended release tablet COMPOSITION AND PRESENTATION Composition Each

More information

Clozapine: Treat the Patient or Treat the Level?

Clozapine: Treat the Patient or Treat the Level? RCPsych International Conference 2014 Clozapine: Treat the Patient or Treat the Level? Bob Flanagan Toxicology Unit Clinical Biochemistry Bessemer Wing Denmark Hill London SE5 9RS Tel: 020 3299 5824 Fax:

More information

Reacting System Examples

Reacting System Examples Reacting System Examples Here are six examples of the chemical systems. The goal of this handout is to show you how to formulate a model of a chemical system, but some of the examples include solutions

More information

How Far Away is That? Ratios, Proportions, Maps and Medicine

How Far Away is That? Ratios, Proportions, Maps and Medicine 38 How Far Away is That? Ratios, Proportions, Maps and Medicine Maps A ratio is simply a fraction; it gives us a way of comparing two quantities. A proportion is an equation that has exactly one ratio

More information

Solutions to Midterm #1 Practice Problems

Solutions to Midterm #1 Practice Problems MAT Fall 0 Solutions to Midterm # Practice Problems. Below is the graph of a function y = r(). y = r() Sketch graphs of the following functions: (a) y = r( 3) (b) y = r( ) 3 (c) y = r() + (d) y = r( +

More information

Exercise 1.12 (Pg. 22-23)

Exercise 1.12 (Pg. 22-23) Individuals: The objects that are described by a set of data. They may be people, animals, things, etc. (Also referred to as Cases or Records) Variables: The characteristics recorded about each individual.

More information

In order to describe motion you need to describe the following properties.

In order to describe motion you need to describe the following properties. Chapter 2 One Dimensional Kinematics How would you describe the following motion? Ex: random 1-D path speeding up and slowing down In order to describe motion you need to describe the following properties.

More information

Mathematics Practice for Nursing and Midwifery Ratio Percentage. 3:2 means that for every 3 items of the first type we have 2 items of the second.

Mathematics Practice for Nursing and Midwifery Ratio Percentage. 3:2 means that for every 3 items of the first type we have 2 items of the second. Study Advice Service Student Support Services Author: Lynn Ireland, revised by Dave Longstaff Mathematics Practice for Nursing and Midwifery Ratio Percentage Ratio Ratio describes the relationship between

More information

Sponsor. Novartis Generic Drug Name. Vildagliptin. Therapeutic Area of Trial. Type 2 diabetes. Approved Indication. Investigational.

Sponsor. Novartis Generic Drug Name. Vildagliptin. Therapeutic Area of Trial. Type 2 diabetes. Approved Indication. Investigational. Clinical Trial Results Database Page 1 Sponsor Novartis Generic Drug Name Vildagliptin Therapeutic Area of Trial Type 2 diabetes Approved Indication Investigational Study Number CLAF237A2386 Title A single-center,

More information

CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION: WATER SOFTENING

CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION: WATER SOFTENING CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION: WATER SOFTENING Submitted to: Dr. Hashsham Research Complex Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 4884 Authors

More information

STARTING, SWITCHING OR STOPPING NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS: A Practical Approach

STARTING, SWITCHING OR STOPPING NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS: A Practical Approach STARTING, SWITCHING OR STOPPING NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS: A Practical Approach Jeffrey I Weitz, MD, FRCP(C), FACP Professor of Medicine and Biochemistry McMaster University Canada Research Chair in Thrombosis

More information

Predicting Aerobic Power (VO 2max ) Using The 1-Mile Walk Test

Predicting Aerobic Power (VO 2max ) Using The 1-Mile Walk Test USING A WALKING TEST 12/25/05 PAGE 1 Predicting Aerobic Power (VO 2max ) Using The 1-Mile Walk Test KEYWORDS 1. Predict VO 2max 2. Rockport 1-mile walk test 3. Self-paced test 4. L min -1 5. ml kg -1 1min

More information

NOAC Prescribing in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Frequently Asked Questions

NOAC Prescribing in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Frequently Asked Questions AC Prescribing in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Frequently Asked Questions FAQ document jointly prepared by NHSGGC Haematology Service & Medicines Infmation On behalf of the Heart MCN

More information

Chapter 7: Lung Cancer

Chapter 7: Lung Cancer Chapter 7: Lung Cancer Contents Chapter 7: Lung Cancer... 1 Small Cell... 2 Good PS + Limited stage... 2 Cisplatin/etoposide... 2 Concurrent chemotherapy + XRT... 2 Good / Intermediate PS... 2 Carboplatin

More information

Enoxaparin for long term anticoagulation in patients unsuitable for oral anticoagulants

Enoxaparin for long term anticoagulation in patients unsuitable for oral anticoagulants Enoxaparin for long term anticoagulation in patients unsuitable for oral anticoagulants Traffic light classification- Amber 2 Information sheet for Primary Care Prescribers Relevant Licensed Indications

More information

Nursing 113. Pharmacology Principles

Nursing 113. Pharmacology Principles Nursing 113 Pharmacology Principles 1. The study of how drugs enter the body, reach the site of action, and are removed from the body is called a. pharmacotherapeutics b. pharmacology c. pharmacodynamics

More information

Section A. Index. Section A. Planning, Budgeting and Forecasting Section A.2 Forecasting techniques... 1. Page 1 of 11. EduPristine CMA - Part I

Section A. Index. Section A. Planning, Budgeting and Forecasting Section A.2 Forecasting techniques... 1. Page 1 of 11. EduPristine CMA - Part I Index Section A. Planning, Budgeting and Forecasting Section A.2 Forecasting techniques... 1 EduPristine CMA - Part I Page 1 of 11 Section A. Planning, Budgeting and Forecasting Section A.2 Forecasting

More information

REVIEW SHEETS INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL SCIENCE MATH 52

REVIEW SHEETS INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL SCIENCE MATH 52 REVIEW SHEETS INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL SCIENCE MATH 52 A Summary of Concepts Needed to be Successful in Mathematics The following sheets list the key concepts which are taught in the specified math course.

More information

RATE OF EXCRETION OF N 15 AFTER FEEDING N16-LABELED /-ASPARTIC ACID IN MAN BY HSIEN WU AND SELMA E. SNYDERMAN

RATE OF EXCRETION OF N 15 AFTER FEEDING N16-LABELED /-ASPARTIC ACID IN MAN BY HSIEN WU AND SELMA E. SNYDERMAN RATE OF EXCRETION OF N 15 AFTER FEEDING N16-LABELED /-ASPARTIC ACID IN MAN BY HSIEN WU AND SELMA E. SNYDERMAN (From the Biochemistry Department, Medical College of Alabama, Birmingham, and the Department

More information

TRINITY COLLEGE. Faculty of Engineering, Mathematics and Science. School of Computer Science & Statistics

TRINITY COLLEGE. Faculty of Engineering, Mathematics and Science. School of Computer Science & Statistics UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN TRINITY COLLEGE Faculty of Engineering, Mathematics and Science School of Computer Science & Statistics BA (Mod) Enter Course Title Trinity Term 2013 Junior/Senior Sophister ST7002

More information

Noncompartmental Analysis (NCA) in PK, PK-based Design

Noncompartmental Analysis (NCA) in PK, PK-based Design Noncompartmental Analysis (NCA) in PK, PK-based Design Helmut Schütz BEBAC 1 41 Wikimedia Commons 25 Dirk Beyer Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3. Unported NCA vs. PK Modeling Noncompartmental

More information

Novel Anticoagulation Agents DISCLOSURES. Objectives ATRIAL FIBRILLATION TRIALS. NOAC Comparison 6/12/2015

Novel Anticoagulation Agents DISCLOSURES. Objectives ATRIAL FIBRILLATION TRIALS. NOAC Comparison 6/12/2015 Novel Anticoagulation Agents DISCLOSURES James W. Haynes, MD Department of Family Medicine Univ of TN Health Science Center (Chattanooga) Objectives Understand mechanism of action behind the NOAC agents

More information

The first three steps in a logistic regression analysis with examples in IBM SPSS. Steve Simon P.Mean Consulting www.pmean.com

The first three steps in a logistic regression analysis with examples in IBM SPSS. Steve Simon P.Mean Consulting www.pmean.com The first three steps in a logistic regression analysis with examples in IBM SPSS. Steve Simon P.Mean Consulting www.pmean.com 2. Why do I offer this webinar for free? I offer free statistics webinars

More information

Tuberculosis And Diabetes. Dr. hanan abuelrus Prof.of internal medicine Assiut University

Tuberculosis And Diabetes. Dr. hanan abuelrus Prof.of internal medicine Assiut University Tuberculosis And Diabetes Dr. hanan abuelrus Prof.of internal medicine Assiut University TUBERCULOSIS FACTS More than 9 million people fall sick with tuberculosis (TB) every year. Over 1.5 million die

More information

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Guidelines

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Guidelines Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Guidelines Dabigatran is a new anticoagulant for reducing the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor, similar to warfarin, without

More information

Understanding Low Drop Out (LDO) Regulators

Understanding Low Drop Out (LDO) Regulators Understanding Low Drop Out (LDO) Regulators Michael Day, Texas Instruments ABSTRACT This paper provides a basic understanding of the dropout performance of a low dropout linear regulator (LDO). It shows

More information

Public Assessment Report Scientific discussion. Tenofovir disoproxil Teva (tenofovir disoproxil) SE/H/1432/01/DC

Public Assessment Report Scientific discussion. Tenofovir disoproxil Teva (tenofovir disoproxil) SE/H/1432/01/DC Public Assessment Report Scientific discussion Tenofovir disoproxil Teva (tenofovir disoproxil) SE/H/1432/01/DC This module reflects the scientific discussion for the approval of Tenofovir disoproxil Teva.

More information

Diabetes mellitus 1 عبد هللا الزعبي. pharmacology. Shatha Khalil Shahwan. 1 P a g e

Diabetes mellitus 1 عبد هللا الزعبي. pharmacology. Shatha Khalil Shahwan. 1 P a g e Diabetes mellitus 1 pharmacology عبد هللا الزعبي 1 P a g e 4 Shatha Khalil Shahwan Diabetes mellitus The goals of the treatment of diabetes 1. Treating symptoms 2. Treating and Preventing acute complications

More information

OPIOIDS CONVERSION GUIDELINES 2007

OPIOIDS CONVERSION GUIDELINES 2007 Opioid analgesics vary in potency, side effect and pharmacokinetic profile. Therefore the Opioid Conversion Guidelines has been developed to assist when changing opioid drug therapy. When opioid rotating

More information

ME 315 - Heat Transfer Laboratory. Experiment No. 7 ANALYSIS OF ENHANCED CONCENTRIC TUBE AND SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

ME 315 - Heat Transfer Laboratory. Experiment No. 7 ANALYSIS OF ENHANCED CONCENTRIC TUBE AND SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS ME 315 - Heat Transfer Laboratory Nomenclature Experiment No. 7 ANALYSIS OF ENHANCED CONCENTRIC TUBE AND SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS A heat exchange area, m 2 C max maximum specific heat rate, J/(s

More information

Comparison between New Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin

Comparison between New Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin Comparison between New Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin Warfarin was the mainstay of oral anticoagulant therapy until the recent discovery of more precise targets for therapy. In recent years, several

More information

Guidance for Industry

Guidance for Industry Guidance for Industry Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies Submitted in NDAs or INDs General Considerations DRAFT GUIDANCE This guidance document is being distributed for comment purposes only. Comments

More information

Betting with the Kelly Criterion

Betting with the Kelly Criterion Betting with the Kelly Criterion Jane June 2, 2010 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Kelly Criterion 2 3 The Stock Market 3 4 Simulations 5 5 Conclusion 8 1 Page 2 of 9 1 Introduction Gambling in all forms,

More information

5.5 Pharmacokinetics - Sublingual

5.5 Pharmacokinetics - Sublingual 5.5 Pharmacokinetics - Sublingual 5.5.1 Single Dose Pharmacokinetics - Dose Linearity Two studies in young healthy males were dedicated to examining sublingual single rising dose (SRD) pharmacokinetics

More information

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (ONE SAMPLE) - CHAPTER 7 1. used confidence intervals to answer questions such as...

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (ONE SAMPLE) - CHAPTER 7 1. used confidence intervals to answer questions such as... HYPOTHESIS TESTING (ONE SAMPLE) - CHAPTER 7 1 PREVIOUSLY used confidence intervals to answer questions such as... You know that 0.25% of women have red/green color blindness. You conduct a study of men

More information

Advisors: Masahiko Saito, Mathematics and Statistics Scott Campbell, Chemical & Biomedical Engineering. Problem Suggested By: Scott Campbell

Advisors: Masahiko Saito, Mathematics and Statistics Scott Campbell, Chemical & Biomedical Engineering. Problem Suggested By: Scott Campbell Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two Volume 3 2011 Spring Issue 2 Article 12 Blood Glucose Levels Carlos Estela University of South Florida Advisors: Masahiko Saito, Mathematics and

More information

Urine Specimen Dilution: Assessment and Policy Recommendations

Urine Specimen Dilution: Assessment and Policy Recommendations Urine Specimen Dilution: Assessment and Policy Recommendations Dr. Leo Kadehjian uly 21, 2003 The following comments and recommendations are for informational use only. Consultation with program counsel

More information

2.0 Synopsis. Vicodin CR (ABT-712) M05-765 Clinical Study Report R&D/07/095. (For National Authority Use Only) to Part of Dossier: Volume:

2.0 Synopsis. Vicodin CR (ABT-712) M05-765 Clinical Study Report R&D/07/095. (For National Authority Use Only) to Part of Dossier: Volume: 2.0 Synopsis Abbott Laboratories Name of Study Drug: Vicodin CR Name of Active Ingredient: Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen Extended Release (ABT-712) Individual Study Table Referring to Part of Dossier: Volume:

More information

Sponsor / Company: Sanofi Drug substance(s): HOE901 (insulin glargine)

Sponsor / Company: Sanofi Drug substance(s): HOE901 (insulin glargine) These results are supplied for informational purposes only. Prescribing decisions should be made based on the approved package insert in the country of prescription. Sponsor / Company: Sanofi Drug substance(s):

More information

STROKE PREVENTION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. TARGET AUDIENCE: All Canadian health care professionals. OBJECTIVE: ABBREVIATIONS: BACKGROUND:

STROKE PREVENTION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. TARGET AUDIENCE: All Canadian health care professionals. OBJECTIVE: ABBREVIATIONS: BACKGROUND: STROKE PREVENTION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION TARGET AUDIENCE: All Canadian health care professionals. OBJECTIVE: To guide clinicians in the selection of antithrombotic therapy for the secondary prevention

More information

Section 2 Solving dosage problems

Section 2 Solving dosage problems Section 2 Solving dosage problems Whether your organization uses a bulk medication administration system or a unit-dose administration system to prepare to administer pediatric medications, you may find

More information

Chem 405 Biochemistry Lab I Experiment 2 Quantitation of an unknown protein solution.

Chem 405 Biochemistry Lab I Experiment 2 Quantitation of an unknown protein solution. Chem 405 Biochemistry Lab I Experiment 2 Quantitation of an unknown protein solution. Introduction: The determination of protein concentration is frequently required in biochemical work. Several methods

More information

Intraosseous Vascular Access and Lidocaine

Intraosseous Vascular Access and Lidocaine Intraosseous Vascular Access and Lidocaine Intraosseous (IO) needles provide access to the medullary cavity of a bone. It is a technique primarily used in emergency situations to administer fluid and medication

More information

Guideline. Treatment of tuberculosis in renal disease. Version 3.0

Guideline. Treatment of tuberculosis in renal disease. Version 3.0 Guideline Treatment of tuberculosis in renal disease Version 3.0 Key critical points Renal failure is recognised as a risk factor for developing tuberculosis. Renal failure is recognised as a risk factor

More information

DAFNE Session Learning Outcome (SLO) Form: Session content

DAFNE Session Learning Outcome (SLO) Form: Session content DAFNE Session Learning Outcome (SLO) Form: Session content Session No: 7 Session Title: Insulin action and injection technique Expected minimum timing for session: 75 minutes Insulin Regimen Day: Time

More information

Determination of g using a spring

Determination of g using a spring INTRODUCTION UNIVERSITY OF SURREY DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS Level 1 Laboratory: Introduction Experiment Determination of g using a spring This experiment is designed to get you confident in using the quantitative

More information

Three new/novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have been licensed in Ireland since 2008:

Three new/novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have been licensed in Ireland since 2008: Key Points to consider when prescribing NOACs Introduction Three new/novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have been licensed in Ireland since 2008: Dabigatran Etexilate (Pradaxa ) 75mg, 110mg, 150mg. Rivaroxaban

More information

AGS. PAIN MANAGEMENT FOR THE SURGICAL RESIDENT (in 30 min or less)

AGS. PAIN MANAGEMENT FOR THE SURGICAL RESIDENT (in 30 min or less) AGS PAIN MANAGEMENT FOR THE SURGICAL RESIDENT (in 30 min or less) THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY Geriatrics Health Professionals. Leading change. Improving care for older adults. CASE PRESENTATION 46-year-old

More information

Volume of Distribution

Volume of Distribution 1 Volume of Distribution Nick Holford Dept Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology University of Auckland, New Zealand 2 Objectives Learn the definition of volume of distribution Understand the physiological

More information

New Anticoagulants- Dabigatran/Rivaroxaban

New Anticoagulants- Dabigatran/Rivaroxaban New Anticoagulants- Dabigatran/Rivaroxaban JOHN NOVIASKY, PHARMD, BCPS, FNYSCHP CGH AT UPSTATE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL SYRACUSE NY Objectives Describe the risks and benefits of dabigatran therapy Describe

More information

Manufacturing Equipment Modeling

Manufacturing Equipment Modeling QUESTION 1 For a linear axis actuated by an electric motor complete the following: a. Derive a differential equation for the linear axis velocity assuming viscous friction acts on the DC motor shaft, leadscrew,

More information

Aim: How do we find the slope of a line? Warm Up: Go over test. A. Slope -

Aim: How do we find the slope of a line? Warm Up: Go over test. A. Slope - Aim: How do we find the slope of a line? Warm Up: Go over test A. Slope - Plot the points and draw a line through the given points. Find the slope of the line.. A(-5,4) and B(4,-3) 2. A(4,3) and B(4,-6)

More information

The Role of Bisphosphonates in Multiple Myeloma: 2007 Update Clinical Practice Guideline

The Role of Bisphosphonates in Multiple Myeloma: 2007 Update Clinical Practice Guideline The Role of Bisphosphonates in Multiple Myeloma: 2007 Update Clinical Practice Guideline Introduction ASCO convened an Update Committee to review and update the 2002 recommendations for the role of bisphosphonates

More information

EXPERIMENT 2 THE HYDROLYSIS OF t-butyl CHLORIDE. PURPOSE: To verify a proposed mechanism for the hydrolysis of t-butyl Chloride.

EXPERIMENT 2 THE HYDROLYSIS OF t-butyl CHLORIDE. PURPOSE: To verify a proposed mechanism for the hydrolysis of t-butyl Chloride. PURPOSE: To verify a proposed mechanism for the hydrolysis of t-butyl Chloride. PRINCIPLES: Once the Rate Law for a reaction has been experimentally established the next step is its explanation in terms

More information

Study (s) Degree Center Acad. Period. 1201 - Grado de Farmacia FACULTY OF PHARMACY 3 Annual 1211 - PDG Farmacia-Nutrición Humana y Dietética

Study (s) Degree Center Acad. Period. 1201 - Grado de Farmacia FACULTY OF PHARMACY 3 Annual 1211 - PDG Farmacia-Nutrición Humana y Dietética COURSE DATA Data Subject Código 34081 Name Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics Cycle Grade ECTS Credits 10.5 Curso académico 2014-2015 Study (s) Degree Center Acad. Period year 1201 - Grado de Farmacia FACULTY

More information

CHAPTER FIVE. Solutions for Section 5.1. Skill Refresher. Exercises

CHAPTER FIVE. Solutions for Section 5.1. Skill Refresher. Exercises CHAPTER FIVE 5.1 SOLUTIONS 265 Solutions for Section 5.1 Skill Refresher S1. Since 1,000,000 = 10 6, we have x = 6. S2. Since 0.01 = 10 2, we have t = 2. S3. Since e 3 = ( e 3) 1/2 = e 3/2, we have z =

More information

Update on Antiplatelets and anticoagulants. Outlines. Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants 1/23/2013. Timir Paul, MD, PhD

Update on Antiplatelets and anticoagulants. Outlines. Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants 1/23/2013. Timir Paul, MD, PhD Update on Antiplatelets and anticoagulants Timir Paul, MD, PhD Antiplatelets Indications Doses Long term use (beyond 12 months) ASA and combination use of NSAIDS ASA resistance Plavix resistance Plavix

More information

Economics 121b: Intermediate Microeconomics Problem Set 2 1/20/10

Economics 121b: Intermediate Microeconomics Problem Set 2 1/20/10 Dirk Bergemann Department of Economics Yale University s by Olga Timoshenko Economics 121b: Intermediate Microeconomics Problem Set 2 1/20/10 This problem set is due on Wednesday, 1/27/10. Preliminary

More information

Cardiovascular Subcommittee of PTAC Meeting held 27 February 2014. (minutes for web publishing)

Cardiovascular Subcommittee of PTAC Meeting held 27 February 2014. (minutes for web publishing) Cardiovascular Subcommittee of PTAC Meeting held 27 February 2014 (minutes for web publishing) Cardiovascular Subcommittee minutes are published in accordance with the Terms of Reference for the Pharmacology

More information

Hemodialysis Dose and Adequacy

Hemodialysis Dose and Adequacy Hemodialysis Dose and Adequacy When kidneys fail, dialysis is necessary to remove waste products such as urea from the blood. By itself, urea is only mildly toxic, but a high urea level means that the

More information

Phase of development:

Phase of development: Title of study: A randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, four-way crossover, single-centre study to investigate the effects of 2 mg and 10 mg intravenously administered NRL972 on the

More information

MEASUREMENT. Historical records indicate that the first units of length were based on people s hands, feet and arms. The measurements were:

MEASUREMENT. Historical records indicate that the first units of length were based on people s hands, feet and arms. The measurements were: MEASUREMENT Introduction: People created systems of measurement to address practical problems such as finding the distance between two places, finding the length, width or height of a building, finding

More information

QSAR. The following lecture has drawn many examples from the online lectures by H. Kubinyi

QSAR. The following lecture has drawn many examples from the online lectures by H. Kubinyi QSAR The following lecture has drawn many examples from the online lectures by H. Kubinyi LMU Institut für Informatik, LFE Bioinformatik, Cheminformatics, Structure independent methods J. Apostolakis 1

More information

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Paracetamol...10.00 mg for 1 ml of solution for infusion

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS. Paracetamol...10.00 mg for 1 ml of solution for infusion SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT PARACETAMOL MACOPHARMA 10 mg/ml, solution for infusion 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Paracetamol...10.00 mg for 1 ml of

More information