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1 iboss Enterprise Firewall Manual iboss Security

2 Copyright Phantom Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Phantom Technologies, Inc. All brand and product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Page 2 of 80

3 Table of Contents TABLE OF FIGURES IBOSS ENTERPRISE FIREWALL OVERVIEW OVERVIEW HARDWARE APPLIANCE TYPICAL PACKAGE CONTENTS... 7 iboss Enterprise Firewall Appliance Description Front Panel Back Panel Serial Console GENERAL NETWORKING CONCEPTS PACKET TRANSMISSION ON TYPICAL IP NETWORKS ETHERNET INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) TCP AND UDP PACKET TRANSMISSION OVER THE NETWORK SWITCHES, ROUTERS/GATEWAYS, AND FIREWALLS VIRTUAL AREA NETWORKS (VLANS) DIRECTORY SERVICES LIGHTWEIGHT DIRECTORY ACCESS PROTOCOL (LDAP) ACTIVE DIRECTORY EDIRECTORY OPEN LDAP OPEN DIRECTORY DEPLOYING AND INSTALLING THE IBOSS ENTERPRISE FIREWALL ACCESSING THE FIREWALL INTERFACE FOR THE FIRST TIME THE FIREWALL HOME PAGE GENERAL LAYOUT OF FIREWALL SECTIONS HOME SYSTEM NETWORK FIREWALL TOOLS VPN SECURITY LOG DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTION SYSTEM SECTION Status System Settings Ldap/Active Directory Creating And Managing Users Configuring the time Rebooting and Powering Off the system Managing the firewall firmware Managing Subscriptions NETWORK SECTION DETAIL Configuring Interface IP Settings Configuring Routes ARP DHCP Server Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 3 of 80

4 DNS Forwarding Dynamic DNS FIREWALL SECTION DETAIL Port Forwarding Access Control List One to One Nat Connections Monitor TOOLS Backup & Restore Backup To Network Share Diagnostics VPN General VPN Settings Site To Site VPN Connecting Remote Users Via VPN VPN Status SECURITY SECTION Gateway Antivirus Data Leakage Detection Virus Signatures Intrusion Prevention LOGS LOGGING OUT Table of Figures Figure 1 - Serial Console Settings... 8 Figure 2 - Packet Capture Example Figure 3 - Firewall Login Page Figure 4 - Home Page Figure 5 - Status Page Figure 6 - System Settings Figure 7 - System settings description Figure 8 - SMTP Server settings description Figure 9 - Log Settings Figure 10 - Log settings description Figure 11 - LDAP/Active Directory/eDirectory Settings Figure 12 - LDAP settings description Figure 13 - Sample Active Directory LDAP settings Figure 14 - Sample edirectory LDAP settings Figure 15 - Managing Users Figure 16 - Add/Edit User Figure 17 - Firewall administrative user settings description Figure 18 - System Time Settings Figure 19 - Reboot and Power Off Figure 20 - Managing Firmware Figure 21 - Managing Subscription Keys Figure 22 - Subscription keys description Figure 23 - Configuring WAN IP Address Figure 24 - Configuring LAN IP Address Figure 25 - Routes Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 4 of 80

5 Figure 26 - Configuring RIP Figure 27 - ARP Figure 28 - DHCP Server Figure 29 DHCP Reservations Figure 30 - Dhcp reservation settings description Figure 31 - Configuring DHCP Lease Pools Figure 32 - DHCP Server IP lease pool description Figure 33 - DNS Forwarding Figure 34 - Dynamic DNS Figure 35 - Port Forwarding Figure 36 - Port forwarding example settings Figure 37 - Creating a simple port forwarding rule Figure 38 - Sample port forwarding rule added Figure 39 - Port forwarding rule associated with new ACL. Note the ACL rule with ID 26 is associated with Port Forward rule ID 27 from the figure before. Also note that this figure is from the Access Control Lists page Figure 40 - Port Forwarding rules in advanced mode Figure 41 - Port forwarding settings description Figure 42 - Access Control List Figure 43 - Access control list settings description Figure 44 - One to One NAT Figure 45 - Active Firewall Connections Figure 46 - Backup & Restore Figure 47 - Automated Backups Figure 48 - Backuping up to network share Figure 49 - Backup to network share settings description Figure 50 - CPU Monitoring Tool Figure 51 - Active connections monitoring tool Figure 52 - DNS query lookup tool Figure 53 - DNS lookup result Figure 54 - Packet trace tool Figure 55 - Ping tool Figure 56 - Reverse name resolution tool Figure 57 - Reverse name resolution result Figure 58 - Trace route tool Figure 59 - General VPN Settings Figure 60 - General VPN settings description Figure 61 - Site to Site VPN Server Entry Figure 62 - Site to site VPN server settings description Figure 63 - Site to Site VPN client entry Figure 64 - Site to site VPN client settings description Figure 65 - Site to site VPN Location 1 Sample Figure 66 - Site to site VPN Location 2 Sample Figure 67 - Creating site to site VPN. Adding the server entry to Location 1. Note we define where the client (Location 2) is connecting from Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 5 of 80

6 Figure 68 - Location 1 settings complete. Now download the server settings by clicking on the "Download Site To Site Server Settings" link highlighted above Figure 69 - Saving the site to site VPN server settings on your computer Figure 70 - Configuring Location 2. Simply import the server settings created on the firewall at Location Figure 71 - Site to site VPN client settings complete Figure 72 - Adding VPN Users Figure 73 - VPN user settings description Figure 74 - Example VPN user tim.smith is being added to the system. Tim will authenticate via LDAP. Note the the LDAP settings must first be configured under the LDAP settings section under the System menu option Figure 75 - VPN users will only be allowed to log into the VPN if they are part of the VPNUsers group or OU in LDAP/Active Directory/eDirectory. This is specified in the VPN Settings section and highlighted above Figure 76 - Tim is added as a VPN user to the system. You can Tim the VPN client and settings by clicking on the " VPN Settings" button above. You must specify an address when creating the user for this button to appear Figure 77 - VPN Status Figure 78 - Gateway Antivirus Figure 79 - Gateway Antivirus settings description Figure 80 - Gateway Antivirus DLP settings Figure 81 - DLP settings description Figure 82 - Additional gateway antivirus settings description Figure 83 - Viewing Virus Signatures Figure 84 - Intrusion Prevention settings Figure 85 - Intrusion Prevention settings description Figure 86 - System Logs Figure 87 - Virus Logs Figure 88 - Intrusion Prevention Logs Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 6 of 80

7 1 iboss Enterprise Firewall Overview 1.1 Overview The iboss Enterprise Firewall is a high performance deep packet inspection security appliance. The firewall is typically installed on the outer edge of the network to prevent unauthorized access to the secure private network. In addition, the firewall provides additional services such as Network Address Translation (NAT), routing, DHCP services, Intrusion Prevention, VPN services for remote users and sites, Gateway Antivirus and more. Although very secure and complex at the core, the firewall is designed with the network administrator in mind to enable quick and easy configuration of typically difficult to accomplish tasks. This manual provides in-depth coverage of the iboss Enterprise Firewall, including deployment, features and function. An understanding of networking concepts is highly recommended, although some networking concepts will be covered in this manual as well. 2 Hardware Appliance The iboss is a self-contained hardware appliance. The appliance does not require external components or databases to function and handles all functionality internally. 2.1 Typical Package Contents The following items are included with the iboss Enterprise Firewall: iboss Enterprise Firewall appliance Power cable RS-232 null terminated console cable Quick Install Reference Pamphlet iboss Enterprise Firewall Appliance Description The iboss Enterprise is a rack-mountable appliance. Typically, the iboss firewall will occupy 1U of rack-mount space Front Panel The front panel consists of a power button and status LEDs. The power button provides soft power up and power down by pressing and releasing the button quickly. To perform a hard power down, press and hold the front panel power button while the appliance is powered on. It is recommended that you use the normal soft power down by quickly pressing and releasing the panel button and waiting approximately 1 minute for the appliance to gracefully shutdown. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 7 of 80

8 Back Panel The back panel typically consists of two 10/100/1000 copper Ethernet network ports and a serial console port. Additional network interfaces can be present for functions such as additional WAN links or DMZ connections. The serial console port is accessible with the provided RS-232 null terminated console cable. The two network ports are labeled LAN and WAN, respectively. These are used to connect the iboss inline on your network. NOTE On certain models, there are additional interfaces. These interfaces can be either additional WAN links or DMZ links. They are labeled WAN2, WAN3, etc. or DMZ1, DMZ2, etc Serial Console The firewall is equipped with a serial console. The serial console interface contains basic functionality such as configuring the IP Address of the firewall and restoring factory defaults. The figure below shows the serial console settings that can be used to access the serial interface via a null terminated RS-232 cable. Figure 1 - Serial Console Settings Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 8 of 80

9 3 General Networking Concepts This section describes fundamental networking concepts required for a good understanding of the firewall. The section covers Ethernet, IP, TCP/UDP as well as other aspects of networking. NOTE If you are already have a good understanding of networking concepts, you can skip this section or skim through it. 3.1 Packet Transmission on typical IP networks When a computer wishes to transmit information from one place to another, it does this by breaking that information down into small data packages called packets. For example, downloading a web page from a server requires your computer to connect to a web server on the Internet in order to retrieve the information. This transmission is broken into smaller packet sizes which are much more convenient than transferring the entire data payload at once. Transmission of data on the Internet can be unreliable. By breaking the data into smaller data packets, it allows for some of the packets to be lost and re-transmitted later. If the entire data payload was transferred at once and an error occurred during the transfer, it would require the computer to retransmit the entire data payload again which would be inefficient and time consuming. The data packets are typically called Ethernet packets. Computers must use well defined protocols to transfer information so that both ends of the communication link (i.e. the computer and the web server) know how to transfer the data between each other and reassemble it. The Ethernet protocol is one of the lower level protocols used to transfer data packets from one computer to another. NOTE Although Ethernet is one of the most common transmission methods of packets, there are also other transmission methods that are used to move information in data packets from one point to another. These other protocols are typically used when moving packets that are larger in size than what Ethernet packets are capable of carrying. For example, one such transmission method is called Frame Relay. A packet is just a sequence of bytes (or data chunks) that are transferred together. The typical size of an Ethernet packet is 1514 bytes. The sections of the packet are divided with some sections being used to contain information about moving the packet from one place to another and other sections containing the actual data being transmitted. A typical packet used to transmit data in a reliable fashion using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is divided into sections like this: Ethernet->IP->TCP->Data Being Transmitted The figure below shows an actual packet capture from a computer going to This is a single packet (one of many) from the transmission and contains the portion requesting the Google home page: Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 9 of 80

10 Figure 2 - Packet Capture Example Starting from the top, you'll notice the packet is 823 bytes in size. The first portion is the Ethernet section. This is followed by the IP (Internet Protocol) section (highlighted in red). The next section is the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) section. Finally the HTTP section is last which contains the first part of the data payload that is being transfered. 3.2 Ethernet Ethernet is a point to point protocol and is used by computers to transfer information directly from one computer to another. The protocol consists of tagging a packet with a source MAC Address and destination MAC address. Every network interface has a unique MAC address that is programmed into it by the manufacturer. For example, every network card must have a unique MAC address and this is guaranteed by the vendor who manufactures the card. The source MAC address of a packet is the MAC address of the network interface of the transmitting computer. The destination MAC address is the MAC address of the network interface where this packet is destined to. In order to retrieve the destination MAC address, the computer wishing to transmit the packet will perform a network query called an Arp Request. The Arp request provides the MAC address of the destination computer which is then used by the sending computer to populate the destination MAC address portion of the packet. Direct transmission of packets from one computer to another is only possible if the two computers are on the same local network. A local network is defined by a subnet. Two computers that are part of the same subnet are considered to be part of the same network. A computer uses it's own IP Address and Subnet Mask to determine if the computer it is trying to communicate with is on the same subnet. If the destination computer is on the same subnet, the computer will populate the destination MAC address of that computer and send the packet directly. Otherwise, if the destination computer is not on the local subnet, the computer will populate the MAC address of the network gateway into the packet and transmit the packet to the gateway which handles forwarding the packet to remote networks. 3.3 Internet Protocol (IP) The IP protocol is used in conjunction with Ethernet to transmit packets from one computer to another. The IP protocol provides additional information that allows packets to not only be transmitted on local networks, but also to computers that are not on the same network Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 10 of 80

11 as well. On the Internet, every computer that is visible to the outside world must have a unique IP Address. This allows the packets to be routed by network routers from one network to another. There are few IP ranges that are reserved for private use which allows computers on a local network to have the same IP Address as computers on remote networks. However, before the packet is transmitted to the Internet, the source IP Address of that packet must be translated by a router or firewall into a unique address. This process is called Network Address Translation (or NAT). It is the process of converting one IP Address to another before transmission to the globally visible Internet. The common reserved private IP Addresses are , and These addresses can be used internally only by networks to create many more IP Addresses than the globally visible IP Address that is assigned to their network. Because the 10.x.x.x network range is the biggest, it is typically used on larger networks. 3.4 TCP and UDP While IP is responsible for moving packets from one network to another, TCP and UDP are in charge of putting the packets in order and delivering them to the right program on the destination computer. TCP/UDP is the section of the packet that comes right after the IP section. The main difference between the TCP and UDP protocol is that TCP will guarantee that every packet makes it to the destination while UDP will not. If a packet is lost during a TCP transmission, TCP uses sequence numbers to determine which packets were lost and requests them to be resent. On the other hand UDP does not provide this ability but still has the necessary information in order to get the packet to the right application on the destination computer. UDP is much faster since it does not have these extra checks in place for lost packets. TCP is an absolute requirement when transferring files and documents in which a single packet could cause the document or information to be corrupt. In cases that involve streaming, such as phone calls (VOIP) and streaming video, UDP is typically a better choice because its faster and losing a packet is acceptable (you get a moment of silence on the phone or a small blip on the video you're watching). 3.5 Packet Transmission Over the Network Typical data transmissions involve packets that contain all of the headers mentioned so far (Ethernet, IP, TCP or UDP). They are used together to get the packet from a source computer to a destination computer. When a data transmission is on the local network, the computer sends the data directly to the other computer. When the data transmission is not local, the computer sends the data to the network gateway, which is a specialized piece of equipment called a router. The network gateway is always a local destination and it has the information necessary to forward the packet to its ultimate destination outside of the network. 3.6 Switches, Routers/Gateways, and Firewalls Switches, routers and firewalls are used to move packets around a network from one computer to another and also between one network and another network of computers. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 11 of 80

12 The most basic piece of network equipment is a switch. A switch provides a physical way of connecting computers together. They contain multiple network ports and computers are connected to these ports so that packets can flow between them. The main job of a switch is to get a packet that enters one of its ports and re-transmit that packet to the appropriate port that is connected to the path of the destination computer. This is called packet switching. The switch contains an internal mapping of IP Addresses and MAC addresses so that it can determine to which port a computer is connected. When the time comes to receive and transmit a packet, the switch uses this table to move the packet to appropriate network port. Switches are typically only involved in switch packets on a local network although some advanced switches also perform routing functions. A router performs a higher function than a switch. A router is responsible for determining where a packet should be routed (i.e. which direction the packet should go). For example, if a packet is leaving the local network, it is sent to the router. The router uses internal table to determine what is called the "next hop". The next hop is the next router inline to the destination computer. Routers are used to move packets from network to network until they reach the final local network they were intended for. The router can also be called the network gateway. The gateway for a network must be local to the computers. Remember that computers can only send packets directly to one another via Ethernet if they are part of the same network. Since sending a packet to an outside network involves a computer sending the packet directly to the gateway, the gateway itself must also be local to the computer. Firewalls are typically installed at the outer edge of the network. Their function is to provide security services determining which packets can get into the network and which ones can get out. Firewalls contain rules called ACL rules (Access Control List rules) that are checked whenever a packet is received to determine whether the packet will be forwarded, dropped, or rejected. The firewall is also typically involved in routing and is able to forward packets in and out of the network. It is important to note that a firewall does not necessarily have to provide routing capabilities. Its core function is to decide which packets are allowed to move in and out of a network. 3.7 Virtual Area Networks (VLANs) In the prior section switches were mentioned that are involved with moving packets around a local network. For each computer on the network, you typically need an available network port on the switch in order to connect it with other computers. Switches can be daisy chained together (by connecting a cable from one switch to the other) to expand the number of available network ports. Typical switch configuration can be as small as 4 network ports to as many as 48 ports or more on larger switches. Computers connected to the same switch are typically considered part of the same network and can communicate with each other. Two separate networks typically require two separate switches so that packets from one network cannot physically be transmitted to the other network by any means. There are cases where it is desirable to use a single physical switch that contains more computers from more than one network. This is the case if you have a switch that has a lot of ports and would like to divide the ports as if they were on different switches. For example, suppose you had a 24 port switch and would like to divide ports 1-12 into their own logical switch and ports into the second switch. You can logically divide the ports by using VLANs. VLANs will divide a single switch to make it look like two physically different switches. This gives you the same effect as having two distinct switches in one package. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 12 of 80

13 VLANs are very popular on large networks. Because many switches are used and installed in a "blade" environment, it makes sense to logically pick ports that belong to the same network and assign them to the same VLAN instead of managing many different switches. What is referred to as a blade environment is the physical configuration of the switches themselves. Blade switches are designed to be installed in a bigger chasis and allows larger networks to save rack space due to the size of the blade. Large networks usually have what's called a "core" switch. This is the switch that knows about all of the VLANs configured throughout the environment and has rules about which VLANs can communicate with each other. When two VLANs communicate with each other, this is called InterVLAN routing. Typically the core switch is connected directly to the outside firewall and is responsible for all of the routing on the network. The outside firewall in this scenario is NOT used as the gateway for these different VLANs. In fact, the firewall in this scenario typically does not know how to route traffic from one VLAN to another VLAN. It only knows how to route traffic from the core switch out to the Internet. Remember that in order for a computer to send a packet to the gateway, the gateway must be local to the computer. Since each VLAN is a different network, there must be a gateway for each of the VLANs. Typically core routers provide many gateways, one for each VLAN they are managing. Computers point to the gateway that is appropriate to the VLAN they are on. 4 Directory Services NOTE If you are already have a good understanding of Directory Services and Directory Servers, you can skip this section or skim over it. In very small networks, managing users and passwords for each computer may not be that difficult. However, when the number of computers grows and the number of people on the network grows this task can quickly become cumbersome and error prone. This is where directory services fills in. Directory services are run by directory servers such as Active Directory, edirectory, Open LDAP, OpenDirectory and more. In essence, directory services are provided by servers that have specialized software that is capable of storing information about the users on the network. The information these directory servers contain vary, but typically include usernames, Full Names, addresses (including addresses and phone numbers) among other things. They are a central place to store information about all of the users on the network. One of the most useful aspects of a directory server is its ability to centrally manage usernames and passwords. For example, suppose you had 1000 computers and one day one of the users left. If the username and password were stored locally on the computer you may have a hard time resetting it without having to reinstall the operating system. With a directory server you could easily reset the password at the server and regain access to the machine. With today's servers, they go beyond storing traditional items such as names and phone numbers. They can be used to enforce computer policies on a network, make sure mandatory software is installed, and perform functions during user logon (like mapping shared folders on the network). Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 13 of 80

14 4.1 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) LDAP is a generic communication protocol that is used to communicate with directory servers. Since each vendor that creates a directory server can implement their version differently, LDAP is a standard that allows applications such as the iboss to communicate in a generic fashion. Without LDAP, each version of a directory server would have a different language. Products like the iboss would have to communicate with a different language every time a different directory server was used which would not be ideal. In addition, if a new directory service product was introduced, there would be a delay before compatible solutions were available as vendors would have to implement the new communication language. Fortunately, all major directory servers adhere to the LDAP protocol. This means that the iboss can communicate with a large variety of directory servers regardless of the vendor. 4.2 Active Directory Active Directory is Microsoft's directory server product. It is a very advanced product which allows a lot of high end features. Some of these features include the ability to install programs, manage user accounts, manage user group memberships, and run scripts at user logon to perform an endless number of functions. The iboss fully integrates with Active Directory and Active Directory also exposes an LDAP interface. One unique feature of Active Directory is single-signon. This is a Microsoft technology developed to allow users to log into their computers once and transparently get signed into a variety of services on the network behind the scenes (so that they don't get prompted again for credentials). 4.3 edirectory edirectory is Novell's directory server product. This is an advanced product similar to Active Directory that manages usernames, passwords as well as the ability to run scripts at logon. In addition, edirectory can enforce policy and push software to computers. edirectory has a unique feature that allows it to integrate natively with iboss. edirectory has the ability to push an event whenever a user logs into or out of their computer. The iboss can capture this event and use it to associate the user with the computer. This feature is unique to edirectory. In addition, the iboss can integrate with edirectory by monitoring the directory tree for recently logged in users. Whenever it sees a new user, it associates that user with the computer. A third method of integration involves using logon scripts. This is similar to the Active Directory logon scripts but does not use single sign-on. The script runs when the user logs into their station which triggers the iboss to check edirectory for the user information. 4.4 Open LDAP Open LDAP is an open source LDAP product typically used on linux systems. It has all of the traditional features found in LDAP such as usernames and passwords. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 14 of 80

15 4.5 Open Directory Open Directory is Apple's version of LDAP. It provides similar services to Open LDAP. The same applies to Open Directory. 5 Deploying and Installing the iboss Enterprise Firewall This section provides a step by step guide to deploying the firewall on your network. You may be asked to jump to step numbers depending on your specific configuration. 5.1 Accessing The Firewall Interface For The First Time By default, the LAN IP Address is of the iboss is with a subnet mask of The iboss will dynamically assign your computer an IP Address via the built in DHCP server. To access the firewall interface for the first time, connect your computer directly to the LAN port of the firewall and make sure your computer is configured to pick up an IP Address automatically via DHCP. Then open a browser and navigate to The default username is admin with no password. Figure 3 - Firewall Login Page 5.2 The Firewall Home Page Right after logging in, you will be taken to the home page of the firewall. The home page of the firewall should look similar to the figure below. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 15 of 80

16 Figure 4 - Home Page The firewall home page consists of real-time activity graphs displaying the bandwidth going across the firewall, the number of packets traversing the firewall and the real-time 1 minute CPU average. In addition you can easily jump to different sections of the firewall using the menu options on the center of the screen as well as the menu that goes down the left hand side of the firewall. 5.3 General Layout Of Firewall Sections The firewall functionality is broken down in the a few general sections. The sections are Home, System, Network, Firewall, Tools, VPN, Security, and Log. Each of these sections can be quickly accessed via the left hand menu. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 16 of 80

17 5.3.1 Home Clicking on the Home menu option will bring you back to the home page of the firewall appliance System The System section of the firewall contains functionality related to general system settings. These settings affect other aspects of the firewall and may be used across the different services the firewall provides. Functionality such as configuring the administrative password, integrating the firewall with LDAP or Active Directory, adding additional users, configuring the time, rebooting the appliance, updating the firmware and managing the subscription are handled through this section Network The Network section contains functionality related to configuring the fundamental networking aspects and functionality of the firewall. For example, configuring the WAN IP Address, LAN IP Address, adjusting the routing table, accessing the ARP cache, configuring the DHCP server, enabling DNS forwarding, and configuring dynamic DNS for the WAN link are performed in this section Firewall This section contains the firewalling aspects of the firewall. This core section of the firewall allows you to configure port forwarding rules, manage the access control list (ACL), configure one to one NAT, and monitor firewall connections in real time Tools This section contains tools to help you backup and restore the firewall as well as perform troubleshooting of the network VPN This section allows you to configure remote access into the network by remote users as well as link multiple locations together in a secure fashion via site to site VPN. The VPN provides the highest level of security available using strong SSL certificates and IPSec. NOTE The VPN requires a valid separate subscription in order to operate Security Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 17 of 80

18 The security section provides advanced protection for the network by allowing you to enable gateway antivirus and intrusion prevention which stops threats before they enter the local network. NOTE The security section requires one or more additional subscriptions in order to operate depending on whether gateway antivirus is used, intrusion prevention is used or both are used Log The log section contains all of the logs for the firewall including the system log, the gateway antivirus log, and intrusion prevention log. 5.4 Detailed Section Description This section contains a detailed description of the functionality of the sections described in the previous section System Section The system section is shown below. Figure 5 - Status Page Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 18 of 80

19 Status The status page contains information about the IP Addresses on the network interfaces as well as other general information about the current system status. From the figure above, the WAN and LAN IP is displayed as well as the link speed. You ll also find information about the specific model number of the firewall, the current firmware version, CPU load and other general statistical information System Settings The System Settings section contains general system settings that affect other aspects of the firewall. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 19 of 80

20 Figure 6 - System Settings The Device Settings subsection allows you to configure the DNS name of the firewall. The Device Hostname is the netbios/hostname for the firewall. The Domain contains the base domain name of the firewall. This should be set to the same domain name as the base domain name on the network if one exists (for example if using Active Directory). The combination of the Device Hostname and Domain forms the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the firewall. The Administrative Settings subsection contains settings related to administering the firewall. The table below describes each of the settings in this section and their function. Setting Description Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 20 of 80

21 Administrator Name Old Password/New Password/Confirm Password Interface User Activity Timeout Failed login attempts per minute before lockout Lockout Period Subscription Server Enable Remote Diagnostics Integrate With Enterprise Reporter iboss Enterprise Reporter IP Address iboss Enterprise Reporter URL Integrate With iboss Web Filter iboss Web Filter IP Address This is the primary username used to log into the firewall. The default is admin but this can be changed to any value. This is used to set the administrator username s password. By default there is no password set (the password is blank). To set the initial password, leave the Old Password field blank and enter the new password in both the New Password field and Confirm Password field. This is the amount of idle time while logged into the user interface before being automatically logged out. This allows you to prevent non-authorized users from using a dictionary attack on the firewall. After this number of fail attempts within a one minute period, the firewall will not accept any username or password combinations until the lockout period in minutes which is set below has elapsed. The amount of time in minutes after a lockout before the firewall will begin accepting username/password combinations again to log into the firewall. This is the URL of the firewall subscription server which authorizes subscription keys. The default value is This value should not be changed. This is enabled to allow remote iboss support access to the firewall. If an iboss Enterprise Reporter is present on the network, set this to yes to allow the firewall to link to the reporter. The IP Address of the iboss Enterprise Reporter. Enter the full URL to the login page of the iboss enterprise reporter. The format should look similar to (Replace with correct IP Address or domain name of reporter). This will cause a link to the Enterprise Reporter to appear on the home page of the firewall. Set this to Yes if you have an iboss Enterprise Web filter on the network. The IP Address of the iboss Enterprise Web Filter. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 21 of 80

22 iboss Web Filter URL Figure 7 - System settings description Enter the full URL to the login page of the iboss Enterprise Web Filter. This will cause the link to the iboss Enterprise Web Filter to show up on the home page of the firewall. The Settings subsection allows the firewall to send administrative s and alerts. The table below describes these settings. SMTP Server SMTP Port SMTP Requires Login SMTP Username SMTP Password Test Address Setting Figure 8 - SMTP Server settings description Description The IP Address or domain name of the SMTP relay that allows the firewalls to forward s through it. You may need to add the firewall IP Address to the allow list of the SMTP mail relay. The port through which to send s. The default is 25. If your SMTP mail relay requires login in order to send s through it, set this to yes. If the SMTP Requires Login is set to Yes, enter the username for the SMTP mail relay, otherwise leave blank. The password to the username entered above or blank if no password is required to send through the SMTP mail relay. Enter any address to which you have access in order to test the settings above. When finished, click the Test Settings button and an will be sent to this address confirming that the settings have been configured properly. The General Settings page also contains settings pertaining to log maintenance. The section is shown below. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 22 of 80

23 Figure 9 - Log Settings The table below describes the settings in this subsection. Setting Max Log Partition Size Max System Log Size Max Virus Log Size Max IPS Log Size Backup To Share Share Path Share Username Description Internally, the logs are stored in partitions in order to efficiently display and perform maintenance on them. This setting defines how large each partition becomes before rolling into a new one. The total amount of space in MB for the system log. This is the sum of the size of all system log partitions. The total amount of space in MB for the virus log. This is the sum of the size of all virus log partitions. The total amount of space in MB for the Intrusion Prevnetion log. This is the sum of the size of all IPS log partitions. When a partition is rolled into a new parition for any of the log types, this setting specifies whether the log should be stored onto a network share. The path to the network folder share. The share should be a CIFS share (Windows folder share, etc) The username to the network share. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 23 of 80

24 Share Password Share Domain Backup File Prefix Backup Alert Figure 10 - Log settings description The password to the network share. If a domain is required to access the network share for the username and password above, this setting specifies that domain. This prefix is appended to the back file that is created on the network share. This can be useful if more than one firewall is creating backups to the same network share. If you would like an alert to be sent when a backup is created, enter the address here. You must have valid SMTP settings configured before any s will be sent by the firewall Ldap/Active Directory The iboss firewall integrates with LDAP v3 servers and Active Directory in order to perform a variety of authentication functions. For example, when bound to an Active Directory server, the firewall can be accessed by a configured Active Directory username and password so that firewall administrators can use their directory credentials when logging into the firewall. In addition, VPN users can also connect to the network via the firewall VPN using their Active Directory/LDAP credentials. These settings are used as the base for any of the LDAP based authentication services offered by the firewall. Any LDAP related features discussed throughout the manual will rely on these settings to be configured properly before they function correctly. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 24 of 80

25 Figure 11 - LDAP/Active Directory/eDirectory Settings The table below describes the LDAP settings. Setting Description Enabled This globally enables or disables LDAP integration. This must be set to Yes to enable LDAP integration. Host/IP The IP Address of the LDAP server (Active Directory, edirectory, OpenDirectory, OpenLDAP). Port The LDAP port to connect to. Default: 389 Admin Username The administrative username that can log into the ldap server. This user must have the ability to search the LDAP tree. Admin Password The password for the user specified above. Search Base The LDAP search base from where to start when searching for a user in the LDAP tree. Common Name Key The LDAP attribute used to extract the user s common name. Match Type Determines whether group privilege based matching is done by LDAP group membership or OU or both. Group Key The LDAP attribute from which to extract the user s groups. Group Match Sub Key When searching for user s groups within the group attribute specified by the Group Key, Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 25 of 80

26 DN Match Sub Key User Search Filter Figure 12 - LDAP settings description this sub key is used as a delimiter. When searching through a user s OUs, this sub key is used to parse the user s OUs. This is the filter used to extract a unique record matching the entered username during the login process. The filter should produce a unique result Sample LDAP Server Settings This section contains the common LDAP settings for reference. Note the full syntax and modify appropriately. Also, fields are case sensitive in most cases. Active Directory Example Domain Info: IP Address: Domain: phantomtech.local Administrator Username: Administrator Setting Description Enabled Yes Host/IP Port 389 Admin Username administrator@phantomtech.local Admin Password Password Search Base dc=phantomtech,dc=local Common Name Key cn Match Type Group Membership + OU Group Key memberof Group Match Sub Key CN DN Match Sub Key OU User Search Filter (samaccountname=%s) Figure 13 - Sample Active Directory LDAP settings edirectory Example edirectory Server Info: IP Address: Tree: o=phantomtech Administrator Username: admin Enabled Setting Yes Description Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 26 of 80

27 Host/IP Port 389 Admin Username cn=admin,o=phantomtech Admin Password Password Search Base o=phantomtech Common Name Key cn Match Type Group Membership + OU Group Key groupmembership Group Match Sub Key cn DN Match Sub Key ou User Search Filter (cn=%s) Figure 14 - Sample edirectory LDAP settings Creating And Managing Users The Users section allows the management and creation of additional firewall administrators. The primary administrative user (default username: admin) is managed under the general settings section. This master administrator has full firewall access. Additional firewall users can be added, deleted, and modified in the users section. A list of the additional firewall users are listed in this section. Figure 15 - Managing Users In the figure above, bill.smith is an additional firewall user that is enabled and able to log into the firewall s administrative interface. To create a new user, click on the New User button. You can modify or delete the user bill.smith by clicking on the appropriate Edit or Delete button corresponding to the user s entry. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 27 of 80

28 The figure below shows the settings available when adding or editing an administrative firewall user. This page is reached by clicking on the New User button or the Edit button next to a user in the users list. Figure 16 - Add/Edit User The table below describes the settings in the figure above. Setting Username First Name Last Name Authenticate Via LDAP Description This is the username for the user. This field is editable when adding a new user. The first name of the user. The last name of the user. If you would like to use a LDAP/Active Directory password when logging into the firewall, set this option to Yes. This setting is only available if you have configured LDAP settings in the LDAP section. When authenticating via LDAP, be sure to make the username match the username as it appears the the LDAP directory. When this is set to yes and LDAP is configured, a user will be able to Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 28 of 80

29 Password/Confirm Password Enabled Access System Settings Access Network Settings Access Firewall Rules Access Users Access Tools Access Security Settings Access Logs Figure 17 - Firewall administrative user settings description Configuring the time This section allows you to configure settings related to the firewall time. log into the firewall using the same username and password as that in LDAP/Active Directory. The password for the user. When Authenticate Via LDAP is set to yes, this option does not get configured and will not appear in the interface. Controls whether this user can log into the firewall. Set this option to No to disable the user. Indicates whether the user can access the System section of the firewall. Indicates whether the user can access the Network section of the firewall. Indicates whether the user can access the Firewall section of the firewall. Inidicates whether the user can access the Users section of the firewall. Set to No if you would not like this user modifying or adding firewall users. Indicates whether the user can access the Tools section of the firewall. Indicates whether the user can access the Security section of the firewall. Inidcates whether the user can access the firewall logs. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 29 of 80

30 Figure 18 - System Time Settings The settings subsection allows you to configure the timezone as well as the NTP server to use for synching the system time. You can sync with the NTP server at anytime by clicking on the Sync Time Now Via NTP. The time is automatically synced with the NTP server. The date subsection indicates the current time as seen by the firewall Rebooting and Powering Off the system The firewall can be rebooted or powered off from the Reboot/Poweroff subsection. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 30 of 80

31 Figure 19 - Reboot and Power Off The reboot process takes about 2-3 minutes. Because the firewall is an inline device, you will lose network connectivity out to WAN of the firewall until the firewall reboot process is complete. You can power off the firewall by clicking on the shutdown button. The firewall takes seconds to gracefully shutdown. In addition, you can shutdown the firewall by pressing and releasing the button on the front panel of the firewall. Once the button is pressed, the firewall will begin the shutdown process which will take about seconds to complete Managing the firewall firmware Firmware is managed via the Firmware subsection. This section allows you to see the current firmware version of the firewall as well as perform firmware updates. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 31 of 80

32 Figure 20 - Managing Firmware From the figure above, the model number and device name is displayed as well as the current firmware version. To check for firmware updates, click on the Check For Update button. If firmware is available, a button will appear allowing you to download the update and install it. Note that while updating the firewall, you will lose connectivity to the WAN. The update process make take several minutes to complete Managing Subscriptions The firewall requires one or more subscriptions to fully function depending on the available services enabled on the firewall. The Subscription subsection allows you to manage and update subscription keys. Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 32 of 80

33 Figure 21 - Managing Subscription Keys The primary subscription key is displayed under the Subscription Key subsection. This primary subscription key is required and used to obtain firmware updates. In addition to the primary subscription key, the table below describes additional subscription keys that can be used with the firewall. Subscription Support Contract Hardware Warranty Intrusion Prevention Gateway Antivirus VPN Services Figure 22 - Subscription keys description Description This key is required if the firewall has a support contract. This key is required if the firewall has a hardware warranty. This key is required if you intend to use the intrusion prevention services of the firewall. This key is required if you intend to use the gateway antivirus services of the firewall. This key is required if you would like to use the VPN services of the firewall. VPN services provide both site to site VPN connectivity as well as road warriors local access to the network. To edit or add a key, click on the Edit button on the line item you wish to modify the key. In addition, you can modify the main subscription key by clicking the Edit button to the right of Rev 1 Version 1.1: January 2012 Page 33 of 80

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