Designing Instruction for Catch-Up Growth. Robyn Varga, M.Ed
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1 Designing Instruction for Catch-Up Growth Robyn Varga, M.Ed
2 LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE LANGUAGE STRUCTURES VERBAL REASONING LITERACY KNOWLEDGE SKILLED READING: fluent execution and coordination of word recognition and text comprehension. WORD RECOGNITION PHON. AWARENESS DECODING (and SPELLING) SIGHT RECOGNITION Reading is a multifaceted skill, gradually acquired over years of instruction and practice.
3 Literacy Developmental Sequence K 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th 12 th Vocabulary P.A. Decoding (Phonics) Fluency Comprehension
4 Literacy Development Many fundamental skills develop in stages. The stages cannot be skipped regardless of the age of the learner. Intervention must match the developmental level and proceed from there.
5 Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading How Students Learn to Read Intensive Targeted Few Some 20% -Reading is One of the Most Difficult Tasks to Be Mastered 40% -Reading is A Formidable Challenge Universal All 35% -Reading is Relatively Easy 5% -Reading is Easy
6 Targeted Accelerated Growth Diagnostic Assessments to determine deficient sub-skills Targeted interventions to teach to the deficient skill Set goal based on norms and catch-up growth Progress Monitor to assure catch-up growth is occurring
7 Educators as Physicians Adapted from 3/25/14 Jan Hasbrouck, Ph.D. Presentation
8 Treatment without Diagnosis is Malpractice
9 Educators as Physicians Screening/Benchmark Testing: universal screening So, how are you doing?
10 Educators as Physicians Diagnostic Assessments: Let s see what s going on
11 Educators as Physicians Provide effective INSTRUCTION! This is what we ve found and here s what we can do.
12 Educators as Physicians Progress Monitoring: How are things going? Are you feeling better?
13 General Model of Assessment Beginning of the year Benchmark Screening Informal Diagnostics Throughout the year Benchmark Screening Progress Assessments End of the year, course, or treatment Benchmark Screening Outcome Measures Formative (to plan instruction) and summative tests (to document intervention effectiveness) can be given anytime during the year.
14 Targeted Accelerated Growth Diagnostic Assessments to determine deficient sub-skills Targeted interventions to teach to the deficient skill Set goals based on norms and catch-up growth Progress Monitor to assure catch-up growth occurred
15 Model of Reading Assessment: Grades K-2 Grades 3 and Above Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary Automatic Word Recognition Background Language Comprehension Reading Comprehension of Text and Sentence Structures Strategic General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
16 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Name: Bailey Maze/Daze Reading Comprehension Below Grade Level of Text and Sentence Structures Strategic General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
17 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context 1) CORE Fluency 2) Graded HF Word Below Grade Level Vocabulary Automatic Word Recognition Background Language Comprehension Reading Comprehension of Text and Sentence Structures Strategic General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
18 CORE Phonics Survey Results: Below Grade Level Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
19 PAST Phonological Awareness Screen Results: Not Proficient Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
20 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
21 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Name: Katie Comprehension Reading Comprehension Assessment Results: Below Grade Level General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
22 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context 1) CORE Fluency 2) Graded HF Word Below Grade Level Vocabulary Automatic Word Recognition Background Language Comprehension Reading Comprehension of Text and Sentence Structures Strategic General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
23 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Name::Katie Phonics Survey Results: Proficient Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
24 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
25 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Name: Buddy Comprehension Reading Comprehension Assessment Results: Below Grade Level General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
26 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context 1) CORE Fluency 2) Graded HF Word Proficient Vocabulary Automatic Word Recognition Background Language Comprehension Reading Comprehension of Text and Sentence Structures Strategic General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
27 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Reading Comprehension General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
28 Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Decoding and Sight- Word Fluency in Context Vocabulary of Text and Sentence Structures Background Automatic Word Recognition Language Comprehension Strategic Name: Buddy Comprehension Reading Comprehension Assessment Results: Below Grade Level General Purposes for Reading Specific Purposes for Reading of Strategies for Reading McKenna & Stahl 2009
29 WPM & Accuracy Fluency and Comprehension Fluency 40 Comprehension Sept A Sept B Oct A Oct B Nov A Nov B Dec A Jan A Jan B Assessment Date
30
31 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
32 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
33 Reading Maze Comprehension Test: What Measures how well students understand text they read silently. It is based completely on the text. Every seventh word in the passage has three words to pick the correct word. Reading Maze Comprehension Test: Why Students with reading difficulties can t use semantics and syntax to choose correct words. A reading maze can identify these students and measure changes.
34 Reading Maze Comprehension Test/How Materials: Timer Student passages (Use the student s independent level on the San Diego Quick Assessment to determine the level of passage to begin the MASI-R Oral Fluency Assessment) Timed ~ 3 minutes The student reads silently and circles the word in the parentheses that they think correctly completes the sentence.
35
36 13 0
37 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
38 MASI-R Oral Reading Fluency/What Measures oral reading fluency Three passages per level/grade one to six Can be given three times a year
39 An error is. A skipped word. A word is mispronounced within 3 seconds. A word is mispronounced. A word is repeatedly mispronounced later in text, each instance. A word is self corrected. An error is not. A word mispronounced due to dialect. Insertion of words.
40 2 nd Grade Passage 92% accurate 114 wcpm Where do you go from here?
41 2 nd Grade Passage 92% accurate & 114 wcpm
42 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
43 High Frequency Word List: What Can be administered in 10 minutes or less High Frequency word recognition High Frequency Word List: Why Weak readers over rely on context Can be used as a temporary quick screening to place a new student into a reading group
44
45 Scoring High Frequency Word Lists One error on a list ~ INDEPENDENT level Two errors on a list ~ INSTRUCTIONAL level Three errors on a list ~ FRUSTRATION level
46 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
47 Phonics Survey :What Measures a students ability to decode letters/sounds and ultimately words. Can be used for screening, outcome, or diagnostic. Provides a baseline to determine most appropriate placement to begin instruction or remediation.
48 Phonics Survey: Why of individual phonemes is the foundation of automatic decoding A student must possess the ability to automatically decode words in order to comprehend material read Pseudoword reading gives insight into student understanding of phonology
49 Materials: Phonics Survey: How CORE Phonics Survey-Record Form pp CORE Phonics Survey-Student Material pp Instructions for administering each part of the survey are included on the Record Form. A piece of paper may be used to cover the parts of the test that the student is not reading. The Alphabet Skills and Letter Sounds assessment is a mastery test.
50
51 Automaticity
52 Phonics Survey Scoring See page 43
53 CORE Focused Assessments CORE Maze / DIBELS Daze / TRC CORE Fluency / DIBELS DORF CORE High Frequency Word / Vocabulary CORE Phonics Survey PAST Phonological Awareness Assessment
54 Phonological Awareness Skills Test (PAST)
55
56 Scoring the PAST One error on a skill ~ INDEPENDENT level Two errors on a skill ~ INSTRUCTIONAL level Three errors on a skill ~ FRUSTRATION level
57 Additional Assessments in CORE Phoneme Deletion (English & Spanish) Phonological Segmentation (English & Spanish) Phoneme Segmentation (English & Spanish) Phonemic Awareness (English & Spanish) High Frequency Word Survey Spanish Spelling Inventory Vocabulary Screening
58 Now what?
59 Targeted Accelerated Growth Diagnostic Assessments to determine deficient sub-skills Targeted interventions to teach to the deficient skill Set goals based on norms and catch-up growth Progress Monitor to assure catch-up growth occurred.
60 Comprehension Continue Tier 1 Instruction Use Think Alouds/Graphic Organizers Reciprocal Teaching Comprehension Strategies Vocabulary Activities FCRR Activities
61 Fluency Repeated Reads on Independent/ Instructional Level % Accuracy Echo Reading Paired/ Partner Reads HELPS FCRR Activities
62 High Frequency Sight Word Practice Fry Phrases FCRR Activities
63 Phonics / Decoding Recipe for Reading Lessons Words Their Way Activities DIBELS Next Activities FCRR activities
64 Phonological Awareness DIBELS Next Activities Sounds in Action activities FCRR Activities
65 Florida Center for Reading Research
66 Targeted Accelerated Growth Diagnostic Assessments to determine deficient sub-skills Targeted interventions to teach to the deficient skill Set goals based on norms and catch-up growth Progress Monitor to assure catch-up growth occurred.
67 Considerations for Setting Goals Norms Catch-up growth
68 Norm Charts Norm charts exist across all domains. The 50 th percentile is considered average.
69 Progress per year 6 mo. Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading
70 Progress per year 6 mo. 12 mo. Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading
71 Progress per year 6 mo. 12 mo. 18 mo. Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading
72 Catch Up Growth All students need to make a year of academic growth each year. Students who are 1 to 3 years behind in reading need to make an additional year of growth until they catch-up. Lynn Fielding, March 2011
73 What Happens Early, Matters the level of academic achievement that students attain by eighth grade has a larger impact on their college and career readiness than anything that happens academically in high school. ~Lynn Fielding
74 Achievement The Expanding Achievement Gap K Grade in School
75 Fall and Winter DIBELS: Fall Winter 5 Benchmark 10 Benchmark 9 Strategic 7 Strategic 7 Intensive 4 Intensive Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading
76 Targeted Accelerated Growth Diagnostic Assessments to determine deficient sub-skills Targeted interventions to teach to the deficient skill Set goals based on norms and catch-up growth Progress Monitor to assure catch-up growth occurred.
77 Progress Monitoring: Why To determine if students are making adequate progress or need more intervention to achieve grade-level reading outcomes. Progress Monitoring: Who Students who are at risk for academic failure Progress Monitoring: When Daily, weekly, bi-monthly, monthly
78 Progress Monitoring Tools
79 Adapted from NCSIP Foundations of Reading At Risk Strategic Benchmark Progress Monitoring: Kindergarten PSF Example AAGL Student Jan 24 Feb 7 Feb 21 March 7 March 21 April 4 April 18 Julie Anthony Dakota Sarah May 2
80 North Carolina School Improvement Project (NC SIP): ncsip.org Resources Florida Center for Reading Research: fcrr.org What Works Clearinghouse (US Dept of Education): ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc Intervention Central: Easy CBM: easycbm.com
81 Contact Information Robyn Varga (336)
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