DAFTAR PUSTAKA. 1. Cunliffe, William J. Treatment of acne. In: Cunliffe, William J. Martin Dunitz Ltd,The United

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1 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Cunliffe, William J. Treatment of acne. In: Cunliffe, William J. Martin Dunitz Ltd,The United Kingdom.1989; James WD, Berger TG, Eston DM, Acne. In: James WD Berger TG, Eston DM.Andrew s diseases of the skin, 9th edn. WB saunders company, Canada.2000; Thiboutot DM, Strauss JS. Diseases of the sebaceous glands. In: Freedberg IM, Eizen AZ, Wolf K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, editors. Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; p Healy E, Simpson N. Acne Vulgaris. BMJ , PMID : Resh William, Stoughton Richard. Topically applied antibiotics in acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol 1976;112: Beck LE. Topical clindamycin in the management of acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol {J}1981;117: Mills CM, Hill SA, Mark R. Transdermal nicotinamide suppresses cutaneous inflammation. Arch Dermatol 1997;133: Bisset DL, Oblong JE, Berge CA, Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatol Surg 2005; 31: 860_865. PMID: Draelos ZA, Matsubara A, Smiles K. The effect of 2% niacinamide on facial sebum production. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2006; B: PMID:

2 10. Shalita AR, Smith JG, Parish LC. Topical nicotinamide compared with clindamycin gel in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris.int J Dermatol. 1995;34: Sams WM Jr, Lynch PJ, eds. Principles and Practice of Dermatology. New York: Churchill Livingstone; Lubowe II. All about Acne. Drug Therapy, : Soepardiman L. Akne Akibat Kerja (Occupational Acne). Simposium dermatosis akibat kerja. Jakarta, Hartadi. Dermatosis Non Bakterial. Semarang: Badan Penerbit UNDIP,1992: Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Kulit dan Kelamin. Ilmu Penyakit Kulit dan Kelamin. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 1999 : Ebling JG, Cunliffe WB. Disorders of the sebaseous glands. Dalam: Champion RH, Burron JL, Ebling FJG. Eds. Textbook of Dermatology. Vol 3.5th ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992: Wasitaatmadja SM. Etiologi, patofisiologi dan akne vulgaris. Medika, 1987;1: Cunliffe WJ. Acne. London : Martin Dunitz Ltd, 1989 : & Plewig and Kligman, Acne morphogenesis and treatment. Apringer Verlag Heidelberg, New York, 1975 : Ronny P, Handoko. Etiologi dan Patogenesis Acne Vulgaris. Dalam : Simposium cara modern dan logis untuk pengobatan akne vulgaris pada wanita. Konas Perdoski VII. Bukittinggi, 1992.

3 21 Waisan M. Importance of dietary control. Dalam Eipsten E, ed. Controversies. In dermatology. Philadelphia : WB Saunders co, 1984 : Rata IGK. Srategi Penatalaksanaan Akne. Dalam : Simposium cara modern dan logis untuk pengobatan akne vulgaris pada wanita. Konas Perdoksi VII. Bukittinggi, 1993; Leyden JJ. Pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Medical Progress, 1992 : Handoko RP. Etiologi dan patogenesis akne vulgaris. Dalam : Simposium cara modern dan logis untuk pengobatan akne vulgaris pada wanita. Konas Perdoski VII. Bukittinggi, Cunliffe WJ. Acne and the sebaceous glands. Int J Dematol, 1976; 15: Leyden JJ,Shalita AR. Rational therapy for acne vulgaris: An update on topical treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1986,15: Shalita AR. Acne vulgaris:current concepts in pathogenesis and treatment. Int Dermatol ;23: Etnawati. Akne vulgaris. Berkala Ilmu Penyakit Kulit & Kelamin Vol 7,No.1 April, (suppl) 1995: Arnold HR, Odom RB, James WD. Acne. Dalam: Andrew s diseases of the skin. 8 th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co. 1990: Leyden JJ. New understanding of the pathogenesis of acne. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;32:S Wasitaatmadja SM. Akne, erupsi akneiformis, rosasea, rinofima. Dalam: Ilmu penyakit kulit dan kelamin. Djuanda A, Hamzah M, Aisah S, Penyunting. Edisi ke-5 Jakarta;Balai Penerbit FKUI;2008;h Soepardiman L. Klasifikasi akne vulgaris. Dalam : Simposium akne vulgaris FK UI. Jakarta, 1982:12-5

4 33. Abdulla Heba, Shalita A. Topical Clindamycin Preparations in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Mechanism Stoughton RB. Topical Antibiotics for Acne Vulgaris; Current usage. Arch. Dermatol, 1979; 115: Sofman MS, Shalita AR. Topical Antibiotic Treatment of Acne. Dalam: Marks R, Plewig G,eds. Acne and related disorders. Proceedings of an International Symposium Cardiff Wales: Martin Dunitz Ltd. 1989: Spizek J, Rezanka T.Lincomycin, clindamycin and their Application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. May 2004;64(4): Toyoda M, Moronhasi M. An overview of Topical Antibiotic for Acne Treatment. Dermatology. 1998;196(1): Whitney K, Ditre CM. Anti Inflammatory Properties of Clindamycin: A Review of Its Use in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Dermatology 2011: Del Rosso JQ, Schmidt NF. A review of the anti-inflammatory Properties of Clindamycin in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Cutis. Jan 2010;85(1): Leyden JJ, Shalita AR, Saatjian GD, Sefton J. Erithromycin 2% gel in Comparison with Clindamycin Phosphate 1% solution in Acne Vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1987;16; Sande MA, Mandell GL, Antimicrobial agents. Dalam: Gilman AG, Rall TW,Nies AS, Taylor P,eds. Godman and Gillman s The Pharmacological. Basis of therapeutics. 8ed. New York: Pergamon Press, 1991:

5 42. Coates P, Vyakman S, Eady EA, et al. Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Propionibacteria on the Skin of Acne Patients: 10-year surveilance data and snapshot distribution study. Br J Dermatol. May 2002;146(5): Lawrence ID. Nicotinamide gel: preclinical aspects. J Dermatol Treat, 1995;6:Suppl 1, Godfrey, J. C.; Godfrey, N. J.; Novick, S. G. (1996). "Zinc for treating the common cold: Review of all clinical trials since 1984".Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 2 (6): Mitchnick, MA; Fairhurst, D; Pinnell, SR (1999). "Microfine zinc oxide (Z-cote) as a photostable UVA/UVB sunblock agent".journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 40 (1): doi: / 46. Cochran RJ, Tucker SB, Flannigan SA. Topical zinc therapy for acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol 1985; April 24 (3) Khalifa E. Sharquie, MD, PhD, Adil A. Noaimi. Topical therapy of acne vulgaris using 2% tea lotion in comparison with 5% zinc sulphate.smj.org.sa 49. Drugs.com: Topical Zinc 50. American Academy of Dermatology/Skin Care Physicians: Over the Counter Acne Treatments Agren MS,Chvapil M. Enhancement of Re-epithelialization with Topical Zinc Oxide in Porcine Partial Thickness Wounds.Journal of Surgical Research 50, (1991) 52. Fivenson DP.The Mechanism of Action of Nicotinamide and Zinc in Inflammatory Skin Disease.Cutis 77(1 Suppl):5-10(2006)

6 53. Atmoko, Widyo. Uji Banding Penggunaan Nikotinamide 4% Gel dengan Klindamisin 1% Gel pada Akne Papulopustulosa. Semarang: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro RSUP Dr. Kariadi. 2001