Nick Mittica. January 8, 2009

Transcription

1 Hydrogen Infrastructure Nick Mittica Air Products and Chemicals January 8, 2009 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2008

2 Agenda Who is Air Products? Hydrogen Infrastructure Today The Future of Hydrogen Infrastructure Key Messages 2 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

3 Air Products Sales into Diverse Markets $10.4 billion company Diverse markets and geographies Positioned i for continued long-term value creation FY 08 Business Segment Sales Merchant (40%) Tonnage (35%) FY 08 Geographic Sales Asia (18%) ROW (2%) United States (41%) Equipment & Energy (4%) Electronics & Performance Materials (21%) Europe (34%) Canada/Latin America (5%) 3 December Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

4 Leadership in Hydrogen Fuel Infrastructure Active since 1993 >90 hydrogen fueling projects Stations installed in 15 countries Have exceeded 78,000 Safe Fills Major role in hydrogen fuel safety codes and standards Broad technology base and intellectual property position Helping pave the way for a future hydrogen economy 4 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

5 Tonnage Gases Market Leader in Refinery Hydrogen Global #1 HyCO Position H 2 Plant Operating Years On-stream 2007 APD (1940 MMscfd) APD... Widening Gap Comp X Comp Y Comp Z APD Comp. X Comp. Y Others 4,600 Million SCFD 5 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

6 Hydrogen Facts AP total capacity could support 7-8 million vehicles if used only for vehicle fueling. Excess capacity in CA and TX could support 100,000+ vehicles AP s daily production equals: 4.6 million kg/day 1,316 liquid id H2 trailers/day 11,335 gaseous H2 tube trailers/day AP continues to build plants: 2006, 6 plants, 450 MM scfd 2008, 1 plant, 100 MM scf 236,000 kg/day, 68 LHY trailers, 584 tube trailers Hydrogen is also used in glass, steel, foods, pharmaceuticals and electronics. We touch it everyday! 6 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

7 Hydrogen Production Methods Reforming several types, different feed stocks Central production or onsite generation Offgas/Waste stream clean-up Electrolysis Air Products operates all technologies Objective: Supply Customer with lowest cost molecule 7 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

8 Steam Methane Reformer CH H 2 O + Heat 4 H 2 + CO 2 8 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

9 Industrial Gas Hydrogen Supply Integration HYDROCARBON FEED (CH 4, C 2, C 3, C 4, Naphtha, Offgas Fuel) REFORMING SMR POX STEAM / POWER CUSTOMER(S) PSA MEMBRANE GASEOUS PIPELINE PURIFICATION TUBE TRAILER abc CRYOGENIC LIQUEFACTION CYLINDERS MERCHANT MARKET abc LIQUID STORAGE CRYOGENIC TANKER 9 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

10 Hydrogen Pipelines Exist! Sarnia Canada 40 Baton Rouge Plaquemine Geismar Geismar Cosmar Convent 10 Louisiana Lake Pontchartrain New Orleans Nola 16 Imperial Oil Petro-Canada Edmonton, Canada 16 Suncor Shell Refinery ST. CLAIR RIVER Air Products Canada Taft Chalmette Sherwood Park Corunna Rotterdam Europoort th St. SF Bay Refineries Dominguez Channel Southern California Botlek Pernis Zwijndrecht Tarragona Refinery VAN NESS AVE. Sepulveda Blvd 1 Conoco Phillips Wilmington 110 BP Carson Conoco Phillips Carson 110 Anaheim Street Carson H 2 Shell Wilmington Valero Wilmington Wilmington H 2 Long Beach Arpt. 405 Texas Mont Belvieu City of Houston Battleground Baytown 2 Beaumont Lake Charles Port Arthur To Moerdijk APD HyCO facilities H 2 pipeline CO pipeline Syngas pipeline Pasadena Bayport 45 LaPorte Clear Lake Texas City 10 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

11 Delivered Hydrogen Liquid Tank Trailer Gas Pipeline Gas Cylinders Gas Tube Trailer 11 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

12 Waste Gas Clean-up Offgas of chemical plants have H 2 Chlor-alkali, ethylene, acetaldehyde, acetylene Offgas streams often vented or burned for fuel value Pressure Swing Adsorption used to produce H 2 PSA at Chlor-alkali plant p 2 (83,000 kg/day) 12 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

13 Simple System - Many Design Variables H 2 Product Fuel Feed PROCESS: Feed Pressure, Temp, Composition, Variability Product Purity Specs Off gas Pressure, Mixing Requirements H 2 Recovery Capacity, Turndown Reliability DESIGN: Cycle Chart Number of Beds, Vessel Size Adsorbent Type & Split Number of Equalizations Purge Quantity Blowdown / Purge Split Feed &P Purge G-rates Flow Distribution 13 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

14 Hydrocarbon Reforming Onsite Generation Water 180,000 kg/day Air Furnace/ Reactor Desulphurizer Water Treatment PSA 100 kg/day Syngas Shift Natural Gas Feed Compressor Hydrogen 14 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

15 Onsite Reforming Fossil Fuel Feed Stock Various Technologies, SMR, ATR, POX 100 to 1000 kg /day Need to match supply with demand Want high utilization to maximize efficiency Excess supply results in venting or extra storage ($$$) Onsite Generation impacts downstream fueling station Gaseous compression vs. liquid pumps (liquid more efficient) Extra high pressure storage to minimize venting Footprint of storage may be an issue Back-up system may be required for reliability Limited i deployments to date. Technology, reliability and economics still being evaluated 15 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

16 Fuel Station Evolution Onsite Generation From This To This 16 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

17 Electrolysis Limited deployment in North America Predominant to 300 nm3/hr in China Common in Latin and South America where bulk product is unavailable Common in the Middle East Strong Position throughout Asia 100 cc/min to 3000 nm3/hr systems Larger systems are used to make ammonia and fertilizers Hydropower typically used for large systems Most systems are 10 nm3/hr nm3/hr Most electrolysis volume contributed by 5-10 huge systems Pathway to Renewables 17 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

18 H2 Sourcing for Fueling Stations Feedstocks Fueling Station Vehicles H2 Storage Compression NG Ref. PSA Storage H2 Generator Electrolysis 18 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

19 Selection Criteria Capital Cost Operating Cost Cost of Hydrogen Hydrogen Requirement Demand Load Variation Purity Use Pattern Renewable 19 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

20 Hydrogen Fuel Infrastructure for the Future Turnkey Systems for safety Existing generation methods Methane conversion technologies Gas clean-up technologies Gasification Electrolysis Renewables Need continued efforts in generation Nuclear Coal Supply of the most cost effective molecule to the marketplace may be regional 20 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

21 Key Messages Hydrogen is here today. Thousands of customers purchase hydrogen via pipelines, trucks, cylinders and onsite generation. Air Products objective is to supply its customers with the lowest cost hydrogen molecule, regardless of the production and delivery method. A variety of factors are evaluated when determining the lowest cost supply of hydrogen to a customer Hydrogen will likely come from a variety of feedstocks in the future, including cost competitive, renewable methods of production. 21 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 2009

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