History Acrylics originated in early 1900 s in Germany Developed US 1920 s Rohm & Haas Co. Late 1940 s commercially available 1960 s Taken up in

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1 Acrylic Painting This presentation was created following the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia. Certain materials are included under the Fair Use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law. Further use of these materials and this presentation is restricted.

2 History Acrylics originated in early 1900 s in Germany Developed US 1920 s Rohm & Haas Co. Late 1940 s commercially available 1960 s Taken up in England Pop Artists Frank Stella Pigment, water and an acrylic binder Forms a hard, clear film as the water evaporates. Transparent film, reflecting light from pigment inside = acrylic color brilliance.

3 Acrylic Paints Acrylics dry relatively quickly. Spray a fine mist over the paint regularly to keep it moist. Resistant to water once dry, can be over painted. To thin the color, simply add water, or an acrylic medium. Acrylic medium improves the flow of paint. Blending color on canvas work fast, dampen canvas Darker in tone as they dry Dry acrylic washes are permanent. Subsequent washes mix optically with the earlier ones.

4 Blot your Brushes -Wipe brushes on paper towel after you rise them. Prevents water drops running down the ferrule and onto your painting, making blotches. Hard Edges- Masking tape on dried acrylic paint no damage to existing layer. Masking fluid - Once dried in a brush, it's nearly impossible to remove. Dipping a brush into some washing-up liquid first makes it easier to wash masking fluid out of a brush. Use goof off to get fluid out of brush. Use Acrylic Paint as a Glue for Collage

5 Strengths Acrylics are fast drying, lightfast, permanent and flexible. 2. Other media will adhere to acrylics as long as the surface is prepared properly. 3. Acrylics can be painted on a variety of surfaces: canvas, watercolor paper or board, gessoed panel, metal (when properly prepared), acrylic sheeting (like Plexiglas), leather, fabric, and wood. 4. Acrylic paint can be applied thickly, as in oil painting, or thinly, as in watercolor. 5. Fluid acrylics can be built up in layers without resembling mud. 6. Acrylic paint is flexible, meaning it moves with the support. 7. Cleanup is easy with soap and water. 8. There are no fumes to breathe while using acrylics. 9. There's no need to frame with glass when painting with acrylics, even when using a thin watercolor technique.

6 ... and weaknesses 1. Because they're fast drying, tend to be hard edged. Technique to soften edges - use a "retarder" or medium. Extends drying time. 2. Will become brittle and can crack at belowfreezing temperatures. 3. Can get very soft and tacky in hot temperatures. Never let any kind of material touch your finished painting during shipping.

7 Value Relative degree of light or dark quantity of light reflected by the color. Describes objects, shapes and space. Cast shadow dark areas that occur on object or surface when shape is placed between it and the light source. Modeling gradation of color to show 3-d space Expresses feeling or emotion Chiaroscuro forceful use of lights and darks. Decorative - flat surfaces receding or coming forward

8 Color Wheel Primary Colors red, blue, green Secondary Colors green, violet, orange Intermediate Colors primary + seconday

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12 Complimentary - opposites color wheel Cool greens, violets, blues Analogous next to each other on color wheel Warm reds, oranges, yellows Split Complimentary color and 2 colors either side of compliment Triadic 3 colors equally spaced on color wheel Monochromatic 1 color and tints and shades

13 Line Brushes: Bristle acrylics, synthetic soft, bristles = hard, long handle Round -#1 = small areas, dots, rounded stroke Flat straighter edge to stoke, square look to dots Large the number = larger the brush Brush creates lines pressure, part of brush used Care of brushes = wash brush with soap, work suds into heel, rinse until clear, reshape brush and store

14 Texture Techniques Transparent effects paint needs to be watered down with water or gel medium Laying thin washes add water to paint Wet on wet wet canvas and paint over Overlaying washes over dry color with watered down paint Resist methods- use miskit, crayons, sometimes oil pastels apply thickly Softening edges dampen paper, use 2 brushes Impasto adding impasto gel, thicker paint, manipulate to add texture Dry Brushing scrub canvas with bristle brush and little paint (wipe off paint on rag) Scumbling under paint an object in one color and dry brush with another color Blending Colors Add gel medium to prolong drying time and thin paint. Optical blending colors juxtaposed to create new color Transparent colors build up with layers of color Opaque colors blend on palette or canvas Glazing thin layer of transparent color over certain areas. Sgrafitto scratching wet paint away with tip if handle, palette knife or other objects Scraping scrape wet paint away with unique object Stencils make templates and paint over Lifting off lift wet paint off with rag or absorbent material Additives impasto gel, modeling paste, sand, dirt, vermiculite, macaroni -= imagination

15 Assignment Review Decorative Space - Color will show depth darker colors recede, brighter come forward flat color Modeling of objects gradual change of color, line Copy your previous paintings. Cut them into 2x2 squares and combine them to create an abstract grid painting; no less than a 3x4 grid. Choose an appropriate size canvas to recreate you abstract grid on. Create the canvas and gesso. Transfer your design onto the canvas. Choose a dominant color scheme. Use traditional and non-traditional painting tools to create texture. The techniques you use must include at least 6 of the following techniques: dry brushing, scumbling, dabs of color over wet, sgraffito, inventive scraping, rubbing through, edge of your palette knife, the flat of your palette knife. Also add non-traditional items to your paint, i.e. Sand, dirt, yarn, thread, material, leaves, or anything else you can think of.

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