Identify a mathematical relationship between quantities that are each changing. Use one or more rates to determine another rate.

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1 AP Calculus Related Rates Name: Objectives: Identify a matematical elationsip between quantities tat ae eac canging. Use one o moe ates to detemine anote ate. Pocess: Step : Daw a diagam. Step : Detemine wic quantities and ates ae given, and wic to be found. Step : Identify te pimay function to use. (Often tis is a fomula fom geomety.) Step : Diffeentiate wit espect to te independent vaiable Step 5: Wite a elated ates equation Step 6: Substitute known quantities and solve fo desied ate. [NOTE: Do not substitute known quantities befoe tis last step!] Type : Eplicit Function of One Vaiable Eamples. Ai is being blown into a spee at te ate of 6 cubic inces pe minute. How fast is te adius canging wen te adius of te spee is inces? 6 in in v d d 6 () d 6 in 6. Te edge of a cube is inceasing at a ate of inces pe minute. At te instant te edge is inces, ow fast is te volume inceasing? in s in v s s () ds 7 ds ds in

2 . A point moves along te cuve y (a) suc tat its -coodinate is inceasing at units pe second. At te moment =, ow fast is te y-coodinate canging? Intepet you answe based on te sape of te gap and te location of te point. units / sec y dy ( ) dy ( ) 6 units / sec (b) At te moment =, ow fast is te point s distance fom te oigin canging? units / sec D D D D ( ) dd dd dd ( 0) ( ) ( ) ( ) / ( ) ( ) / ( ) () ( ) / () ( ) 0 7 / /.55 units Type - Implicit Function of One Vaiable. A ladde 0 ft long ests against a vetical wall. If te bottom of te ladde slides away fom te wall at a ate of ft/sec, ow fast is te top of te ladde sliding down te wall wen te bottom of te ladde is 6 ft fom te wall? ft / sec 0 ft 6 ft y dy d y dy ( 6 ) 8 0 dy 6 dy ft / sec 6

3 Type : Functions of Two Vaiables ates given 5. Te altitude of a tiangle is inceasing at a ate of cm/min wile te aea of te tiangle is inceasing at a ate of cm /min. At wat ate is te base of te tiangle canging wen te altitude is 0 cm and te aea is 00 cm? d cm/ min da cm 0 cm A 00 cm A b 00 b 0 b 0 cm A b da d db b db 0 0 db.6 cm / sec Type : Functions of Two Vaiables ate given--seconday equation needed 6. A wate tank as te sape of an inveted cicula cone wit base adius m and eigt m. If wate is being pumped into te tank at a ate of m /min, find te ate at wic te wate level is ising wen te wate is m deep. base total m m m m v v v d d d 8 m 9

4 Mied Poblem Set- Related Rates. A conical tank is being filled wit wate. Te tank as eigt ft and adius ft. If wate is being pumped in at a constant ate of cubic inces pe minute, find te ate at wic te eigt of te cone canges wen te eigt is 6 inces. Note te diffeence in units. base total in in in 6 in v v v d d d in 5. A seacligt is positioned 0 metes fom a sidewalk. A peson is walking along te sidewalk at a constant speed of metes pe second. Te seacligt otates so tat it sines on te peson. Find te ate at wic te seacligt otates wen te peson is 5 metes fom te seacligt. Wat we ave: y 0 m m / sec 5 m y (0) 55 sec 5 0 (5) 5 tan sec y d dy y y 5 d d 5 d ad / sec 5. A peson 5 feet tall is walking towad an8 foot pole. A ligt is positioned at te top of te pole. Find te ate at wic te lengt of te peson s sadow is canging wen te peson is 0 feet fom te pole and walking at a constant speed of 6 feet pe second. Wat we ave: d

5 d 0 d 0 (50 /)(6) 0 d 0 / ft. Te lengt of a ectangle inceases by feet pe minute wile te wi deceases by feet pe minute. Wen te lengt is 5 feet and te wi is 0 feet, wat is te ate at wic te following canges: da dw dl da a. aea: A LW L W ft dp dl dw dp b. peimete: P L W ft c. diagonal / d / dl dw / L W L W (5) (0) ft Te volume of a tee is given by V C wee C is te cicumfeence of te tee in metes at gound level and is te eigt of te tee in metes. Bot C and ae functions of time t in yeas. / sec dv a. Find a fomula fo. Wat does it epesent in pactical tems? d dc dv C d dc dv C C C in cicumfeence ove time b. Suppose te cicumfeence gows at a ate of 0. metes/yea and te eigt gows at a ate of metes/yea. How fast is te volume of te tee gowing wen te cicumfeence is 5 metes and te eigt is metes? dv dv 5 dv m / yea 6. a. Wen te adius of a speical balloon is 0 cm, ow fast is te volume of te balloon canging wit espect to cange in its adius? d d d v (0) 00 b. If te adius of te balloon is inceasing by 0.5 cm/sec, at wat ate is te ai being blown into te balloon wen te adius is 6 cm? d v (6) (0.5) 7 cm / sec

6 7. Wen ypeventilating, a peson beates in and out vey apidly. A spiogam is a macine tat daws a gap of te volume of ai in a peson s lungs as a function of time. Duing ypeventilation, te peson s spiogam tace migt be epesented by V 0.05 cos00t wee V is te volume of ai in lites in te lungs at time t minutes. a. Sketc a gap of one peiod of tis function. b. Wat is te ate of flow of ai in lites/minute? Sketc a gap of tis function. dv V 0.05 cos00 t 0.05 sin(00 t) 00 0 sin(00 t) c. Mak te following on eac of te gaps above. i) te inteval wen te peson is beating in (0.005, 0.0) ii) te inteval wen te peson is beating out (0, 0.005) iii) te time wen te ate of flow of ai is a maimum wen te peson is beating in min

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