A Sustainable Solution

Transcription

1 Maximum recycling of Material and Energy, Minimum of Landfilling A Sustainable Solution Håkan Rylander, CEO SYSAV, South Scania Waste Company, Sweden 1

2 Maximum Recycling, Minimum landfilling The Waste Problem can only be solved with an Integrated Waste Management -with a Combination of Methods 2

3 Driving Forces Legislation Laws, Directives et c Environmental Awareness/Environmental Engagement Education and Information 3

4 EU Waste hierarchy Composting and Biological Treatment are included in Recycling. Prevention Waste-to-Energy is now defined as Recycling, when energy efficiency is > 0,65 Reuse Recycling Other recovery Disposal 4

5 Landfill Ban and Landfill Taxes Driving Forces towards Materials Recycling and Waste-to Energy? 5

6 European Policies on Landfill Ban The EU Landfill Directive The amount of biodegradable waste has to decrease with 35% until 2016, compared with the situation in (UK and Ireland extension until 2020, for the 12 new EUmembers until 2025) Ban already in a number of countries on landfilling of biodegradable waste. The Ban often completed with a Landfill Tax. 6

7 European Policies on Landfill Ban European Examples on the effect of Landfill Ban and of Landfill Taxes 7

8 Germany Landfill Ban decided upon in 2000, in force in A very strong effect, with a strong increase of Waste-to-Energy, and other recycling methods. However, initially, a lot of waste flowing out of Germany due to a significant lack of Waste-to-Energy capacity. 8

9 Austria As Germany, but Ban in force already in Landfill Tax since 1997/98. Increased Waste-to-Energy but also of other recycling methods. 9

10 Denmark Landfill Ban in force already in the 1990-ies, as well as a Landfill Tax. Increased Waste-to-Energy and material recycling At the beginning a lot of believe and investments in biological treatment, but more or less closed down for environmental (odours) and economical reasons. 10

11 United Kingdom No Landfill Ban (extension until 2020) About 60% of the household waste is still landfilled. Slow advancement of material recycling as well as of Waste-to-Energy. 11

12 Landfill Ban and Landfill Taxes Driving Forces towards Materials Recycling and Waste-to Energy? YES! 12

13 Producers Responsibility EU Directive on Recycling of Packaging Waste in force in 1995 with recycling targets for different packagings. Implemented as full or shared producers responsibility in different countries (by law in Austria, Germany and Sweden) Resulting in increased material recycling (of packagings). EU Directive on full Producers Responsibility on WEEE, Batteries and End-of-Life-Vehicles. 13

14 Producers Responsibility, a Driving Force towards Material Recycling? Yes! 14

15 Treatment of Household waste in the EU 27 in 2006 Source: EUROSTAT 15 Recycling (incl. composting) Waste-to Energy Landfi ll

16 Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste in the EU 27 in 2006 Source: EUROSTAT 41% of Municipal Solid Waste across the EU 27 is still landfilled, Although landfill gases (methane) contribute significantly to global warming (methane equals 23 times CO 2 ). 16

17 AMOUNTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE IN EU AND US

18 Aims and Targets Aims & Targets by the Swedish Parliament Reduced waste flow 50% recycling of household waste (MSW), including organic waste, to % recycling of food waste in household waste to

19 Law and Enforcement SWEDEN: Sorting regulations Producers responsibility Landfill ban on combustible waste 2002, ban on organic waste 2005 EU: Landfill directive Incineration directive WEEE directive Framework directive review 19

20 Producers Responsibility Producers; importers, producers, fillers etc to take the responsibility for the collection and recovery of waste paper; 75% recycling target Packaging waste; different recycling targets (EU + Swedish law) Deposit fee systems for ALcans (refillable glass bottles and refillable PET bottles) Recycling system at drop off centres WEEE, recycling target (EU law). Sweden is the World leader in WEE recycling 20

21 The Infrastructure collection points for household waste drop-off centres for batteries drop-off centres for packaging waste and waste paper recycling centres for bulky waste, garden waste, hazardous waste etc. 120 landfills 30 waste-to-energy facilities 30 biological treatment facilities 21

22 At the heart of the eco-cycle Goal: Maximum recycling of Material and Energy, Minimum of landfilling. 22

23 Europe Kävlinge Lomma Staffanstorp Malmö Svedala Lund Sjöbo Tomelilla Simrishamn Vellinge Trelleborg Skurup Ystad 23

24 The SYSAV region 50 km 14 Municipalities/Local Authorities S C A N I A Kävlinge Lomma Lund Burlöv Sjöbo Staffanstorp Malmö Tomelilla Svedala Simrishamn Vellinge Skurup Ystad Trelleborg 100 km Burlöv Kävlinge Lomma Lund Malmö Simrishamn Sjöbo Skurup Staffanstorp Svedala Tomelilla Trelleborg Vellinge Ystad 24

25 The Sysav Group handled tonnes of waste in 2007 Household Waste Bulky Waste Industrial Waste Building and Construction Waste Hospital Waste Hazardous Waste Electronic Waste with a Combination of Methods 25

26 26 The eco-cycle model

27 Sysav Hazardous Waste Secure handling of hazardous waste from industries and households 27

28 Building Material Recycling Shop - reuse and selling of construction and demolition material, in co-operation with Malmö Local Authority Service Administration 28

29 Sydåtervinning Recycling of waste paper 29

30 ÅGAB Recycling of gravel, asphalt and concrete etc. 30

31 Waste provides electricity and heat A total annual incineration of tonnes of waste, with an energy production of MWh of heat and MWh of electricity, corresponds to 60 percent of the district heating demand of the municipalities of Malmö and Burlöv. 31

32 Dioxin to air in Sweden Energy prod. MWh Incineration, ton Dioxin (to air), g 0 32

33 The Swedish Example The amount of incinerated waste has been more than doubled from , while the energy production has been quadrubled, and most of the emissions have decreased with 99%. 33

34 34 Bottom ash recycling - of metals and gravels

35 Food waste becomes fuel and fertilizer Separate collection of food waste Plant for pre-treatment of food waste, capacity tonnes Fermentation of the slurry in a separate bioreactor Upgrading of the biogas for the production of heat, power or fuel Production of a bio-fertilizer 35

36 The Spillepeng Landfill a Recycling Site Sorting Recycling Composting Final Landfilling Recovery of landfill gas 36

37 Scenarios SYSAV Year 2010 Main scenario: Business-as-planned Alternative scenarios: 100% landfilling Electricity production at incineration only GHG Waste treatment in the scenarios Incineration: t Anaerobic digestion: t Composting: t Landfilling: t Landfilling only Same as business-as-planned 37

38 Main results Total emissions of Green House Gases ktonnes CO2-eq/year Emissions from complementary production of services Direct emissions from the waste management system (Sysav) 0 Business-as-planned100 % landfillingelectricity production at Sysav at incineration only 38

39 The Sysav Group 2007 (tonnes) Household waste Industrial waste Hazardous waste Newspapers, cardboard, boxes e t c Heavy masses, asphalt, gravel e t c In total Recycling 94 % Materials Biological treatment Waste-to-energy Final deposition 6 % 39

40 Recovery versus Landfilling Sysav % Year Årtal Återvi Recovery Depon Landfilling 40

41 Maximum recycling - Minimum Landfilling The Waste Problem is solved with an Integrated Waste Mangagement - with a Combination of Methods 41

42 Thank you for your attention! 42