Contents. Foreword. Acknowledgments

Transcription

1 Foreword Preface Acknowledgments xv xvii xviii CHAPTER 1 Introduction What Is Mission Critical? Purpose of the Book Network Continuity Versus Disaster Recovery The Case for Mission-Critical Planning Trends Affecting Continuity Planning Mission Goals and Objectives Organization of the Book 7 References 8 CHAPTER 2 Principles of Continuity Fault Mechanics Disruptions Containment Errors Failover Recovery Contingency Resumption Principles of Redundancy Single Points of Failure Types of Redundancy Principles of Tolerance Fault Tolerance Fault Resilience High Availability Principles of Design Partitioning Balance 23 vii

2 viii Contents Network Scale Complexity Summary and Conclusions 28 References 29 CHAPTER 3 Continuity Metrics Recovery Metrics Recovery Time Objective Recovery Point Objective RTO Versus RPO Reliability Metrics Mean Time to Failure Failure Rate Mean Time to Recovery Mean Time Between Failure Reliability Availability Metrics Exposure Metrics Risk/Loss Metrics Cost Metrics Capacity Metrics Utilization Bandwidth Overhead Performance Metrics Latency Response Time Loss Error Throughput Summary and Conclusions 59 References 60 CHAPTER 4 Network Topology and Protocol Considerations for Continuity Network Topology Fundamental Topologies Mesh Topologies Ring Topologies Tiered Topologies Edge Topologies Peer-to-Peer Topologies Network Protocol Considerations Summary and Conclusions 71 References 72

3 ix CHAPTER 5 Networking Technologies for Continuity Local Area Networks Ethernet Switching Versus Segmenting Backbone Switching Link Redundancy Multilayer LAN Switching Virtual LANs Transceivers Media Translators Network Adapter Techniques Dynamic Hierarchical Configuration Protocol Wide Area Networks WAN Technologies Routing Methods Multilayer WAN Switching Design Strategies VPNs Metropolitan Area Networks Metro Ethernet RPR Summary and Conclusions 108 References 109 CHAPTER 6 Processing, Load Control, and Internetworking for Continuity Clusters Cluster Types Cluster Resources Cluster Applications Cluster Design Criteria Cluster Failover Cluster Management Cluster Data Wide Area Clusters Load Balancing Redirection Methods DNS Redirection SSL Considerations Cookie Redirection Load Balancer Technologies Load Balancer Caveats Internetworking Web Site Performance Management Web Site Design Web Services 137

4 x Contents Web Site Recovery Management Internet Access Caching Types of Caching Solutions Caching Benefits and Drawbacks Content Delivery Networks Summary and Conclusions 149 References 150 CHAPTER 7 Network Access Continuity Voice Network Access PBXs IP Telephony Intelligent Voice Response and Voice Mail Systems Carrier Services Data Network Access Logical Link Access Techniques Physical Access Techniques Wireless Access Cellular/PCS Wireless LAN Microwave Free Space Optics Broadcast Satellite Summary and Conclusions 173 References 175 CHAPTER 8 Mission-Critical Platforms Critical Platform Characteristics Platform Tolerance Fault Tolerance Fault Resilience High Availability Platform Comparisons Server Platforms Hardware Architectures Software Architecture Network Platforms Hardware Architectures Operating Systems Platform Management Element Management System Platform Maintenance Power Management 205

5 xi 8.7 Summary and Conclusions 206 References 207 CHAPTER 9 Software Application Continuity Classifying Applications Application Development Application Architecture Application Deployment Application Performance Management Application Availability and Response APM Software Data Collection and Reporting Application Recovery Application/Platform Interaction Operating System Interaction Application Performance Checklist Summary and Conclusions 228 References 228 CHAPTER 10 Storage Continuity Mission-Critical Storage Requirements Data Replication Software and Hardware Replication Replication Strategies Shared Disk File Replication Mirroring Journaling Backup Strategies Full Backup Incremental Backup Differential Backup Storage Systems Disk Systems RAID Tape Systems Storage Sites and Services Storage Vault Services Storage Services Networked Storage Storage Area Networks Network Attached Storage Enterprise SANs IP Storage Storage Operations and Management 273

6 xii Contents Hierarchical Storage Management SAN Management Data Restoration/Recovery Summary and Conclusions 283 References 285 CHAPTER 11 Continuity Facilities Enterprise Layout Network Layout Facility Location Facility Layout Cable Plant Cabling Practices Copper Cable Plant Fiber-Optic Cable Plant Power Plant Power Irregularities Power Supply Power Quality Backup Power Power Distribution Architecture Power Management Environmental Strategies Air/Cooling Fire Protection Planning Summary and Conclusions 319 References 320 CHAPTER 12 Network Management for Continuity Migrating Network Management to the Enterprise Topology Discovery Network Monitoring Problem Resolution Restoration Management Carrier/Supplier Management Traffic Management Classifying Traffic Traffic Control Congestion Management Capacity Planning and Optimization Service-Level Management QoS Stages of QoS QoS Deployment QoS Strategies 346

7 xiii Policy-Based Network Management Service-Level Agreements Carrier/Service Provider Agreements Change Management Summary and Conclusions 354 References 356 CHAPTER 13 Using Recovery Sites Types of Sites Hot Sites Cold Sites Warm Sites Mobile Sites Site Services Hosting Services Collocation Services Recovery Services Implementing and Managing Recovery Sites Networking Recovery Sites Recovery Operations Summary and Conclusions 371 References 372 CHAPTER 14 Continuity Testing Requirements and Testing Test Planning Test Environment Test Phases Unit Testing Integration Testing System Testing Acceptance Testing Troubleshooting Testing Summary and Conclusions 390 References 391 CHAPTER 15 Summary and Conclusions 393 About the Author 397 Index 399