Family Child Care Home. Instructional Unit: COUNTING

Transcription

1 Family Child Care Home Instructional Unit: COUNTING

2 Family Child Care Home Instructional Unit: COUNTING AUTHOR Dr. Janice Wood Crawford Early Literacy Faculty Fellow The Instructional Units presented here were funded in part by the U. S. Department of Education, Office of Innovation and Improvement, Fund for the Improvement of Education as part of the Virtual School Readiness Incubator Project, the, and the Early Learning Coalition of Duval, Inc. These materials are still in the refinement phase and should be used with this caution in mind. The content of these units does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of or imply endorsement by the U. S. Department of Education, the University of North Florida, and/or the Early Learning Coalition of Duval, Inc. No claim is made on those materials that are in the public domain Reproduction of these materials for resale or distribution is prohibited. University of North Florida University Center Alumni Drive Jacksonville, Florida (904) FAX (904)

3 Family Child Care Home Instructional Units The Family Child Care Home Instructional Units are curriculum resource units for Family Home providers and teachers. The Instructional Units are standards-based and are strongly rooted in an evidence-based framework. The Instructional Unit topics were determined by the needs of professional development providers and teachers. They are easily adaptable to the needs of children, ranging in age from two years through four years, in a variety of learning environments and inclusive settings. Instructional Unit Topics Colors Letters Counting All About Me - My Feelings Weather Transportation Plants Opposites Air Animals Shapes Numbers All About Me - Body Parts/Senses My Family and Friends My Community Care of the Earth Day and Night Water Animals Land Animals 3

4 Counting Ages Oral Language Experiences Listens to and responds to songs and books about counting Says numbers 1 to 10 Uses vocabulary words Sings counting songs Learning Experiences Recognizes some numbers Recognizes some number words Counts out loud from 1 to 10 Counts objects and people up to the number 10 Identifies numbers from 1 to 10 My Very First Book of Numbers By Eric Carle Core Vocabulary Words one two three four five six seven eight nine ten Rich Vocabulary Words ball balloon flower clouds Additional Children s Books Counting in the Garden, Kim Parker How Many Fish?, Robert Stanek My Very First Book of Numbers, Eric Carle Rainbow Fish Counting, Marcus Pfister The Crayola Counting Book, Rozanne Lanczak Williams 4

5 Oral Language Activities Materials Needed Book: My Very First Book of Numbers, by Eric Carle Magnetic numbers Cookie sheet Plastic bucket and sand 10 plastic eggs Yarn pieces Shells Activities Tell the children that they are going to practice counting. Tell the children you are going to count with them. Begin by counting each child. Tap each child on the shoulder as you count. Gather several small toys and a basket. Begin by counting up to 5 toys while placing them in a basket. Continue counting objects for several days. As the children progress, count up to 10 toys while placing items in the basket. Place the toys and the basket in an area where children can practice counting independently. Continue counting activities by singing counting songs. Sing the Little Raindrops song with the children. Little Raindrops Tune: Ten Little Indians One little, two little, three little raindrops. Four little, five little, six little raindrops. Seven little, eight little, nine little raindrops. Ten little raindrops falling from the sky. As you sing the Number Song with the children, place the magnetic numbers on the cookie sheet. After you sing the song, point to and count the numbers with the children. Continue to sing the song throughout the week. 5

6 Activities Number Song Verse I One number, two numbers, Three numbers, four, Five numbers all in a row. As the children make progress, sing the second verse of the Number Song Verse II Six numbers, seven numbers, Eight numbers, nine, Ten numbers all in a row. Take a neighborhood walk and count the following: Cars parked on the street Cracks in the sidewalk Doors on a house Windows in a car Wheels on a car People you see Help the children learn counting by rote memory by singing counting songs, doing counting finger plays, counting children, and counting objects in the environment. First Reading of the Book Show the children the cover of the book My Very First Book of Numbers. Tell the children that this is a book about numbers. Read the title of the book and the author s name. Count the number of strawberries on the cover of the book. Tell the children you would like them to help you count the fruit in the book. For the first reading of the book, read only the first five pages that focus on the numbers from one through five. Tell the children that you are going to point to a number and you want them to help you find that number of objects. Open the book and point to the number one, and say the number name. Turn the pages until you find one pineapple. Read the number two, and find the page that has the two bananas. Continue to read until you get to the number five. Let the children help you turn the pages until they find the corresponding number of objects. Summarize the first five pages of the book by turning the pages and reading the numbers from one through five and counting the black squares for each number. 6

7 First Reading of the Book Sing the One, Two, Tie My Shoe song with the children. One, Two, Tie My Shoe 1, 2, Tie my shoe. 3, 4, Shut the door. 5, 6, Pick up sticks 7, 8, Lay them straight. 9, 10, A big fat hen. Let s get up and count again. Second Reading of the Book Show the children the cover of the book My Very First Book of Numbers. Review the numbers one through five with the children and tell them they are going to learn the numbers six through ten. Begin reading the pages six through ten. Say and point to the numbers and ask the children to help you count the black squares. Turn the pages until you find the corresponding number of objects. Say, This is the number six, let s count the six black squares. Help me find the page with six lemons. Continue until the end of the book. Third Reading of the Book Show the children the cover of the book My Very First Book of Numbers. Ask the children if they will help you count the number of strawberries on the cover of the book. Show the children the bottom pages of the book, beginning with the page with six lemons. Ask the children to help you find the corresponding number on the top of the page. Go through the numbers until you get to the number six in the book. When you get to the number six, point to the number and count the six lemons with the children. Continue until you get to the number ten. Continue to read additional counting and number books with the children throughout the week. Match the magnetic numbers with the numbers in the book. When reading the book, highlight the CORE and Rich Vocabulary words. Read the book several times throughout the week. Read the books suggested in the Additional Children s Books section. 7

8 Activities Sing the One Potato song with the children. One Potato One potato, two potato, Three potato, four. Five potato, six potato, Seven potato, more. Eight, nine, and ten. Lets begin again. As you are singing this song, set out a basket of potatoes and ask the children to remove the potatoes from the basket and set them on the table while singing the One Potato song. Form three large circles on the floor using yarn. Place the 1, 2, and 3 magnetic numbers in the center of each circle. Ask the children to use small toys to count the number of toys for each circle. As the children progress, change the numbers that are placed in the center of the circles using the numbers 4 through 9. Place ten small items on the table. These might include toy cars, blocks, or shells. Count the items with the children. Show them each item. Tell them that you are going to hide the items around the room. Send your children on a Treasure Hunt to see if they can find all of the items. Count the items as they are found. Sing the Ten Little Fingers song with the children. Ten Little Fingers I have ten little fingers. (hold up both hands) I can make them do things! I can shut them tight. (make fists) I can open them wide. (open hands) I can put them together. (place palms together) I can make them hide. (put hands behind back) Let s count our fingers. Put sand into a large plastic bucket. Mix shells into the sand. Give a child the bucket. Ask him to dig in the sand until he finds a shell. Have him place the shell on the table. Give other children time to hunt for shells. When all of the shells are found, ask the children to count the shells. 8

9 Activities Use ten plastic eggs for this activity. Mark one half of each egg with the numbers Mark the other half of each egg with corresponding dots. Separate the eggs and place them on the table. Have the children look for numbers that match the same number of dots. Ask the children to hook the two halves of the egg together. This activity can be continued throughout the week. Sing the I Can Count to Ten song with the children. I Can Count to Ten I can count to ten, and you can count to ten. If we all count to ten, we can do it again. Count with me. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Continue to sing counting songs with your children throughout the week. Learning Activities Materials Needed Number Card set (one through twenty) Small table blocks Magnetic numbers Plastic bowls (one for each child) Small counting objects (buttons, shells, chips) Activities Give each child a number card from one to five. Review the numbers with the children. Place small counting objects on the table and help the children place the corresponding number of objects on the counting cards. Add additional Number Cards as the children make progress. Place small table blocks on the table in front of the children. Help the children stack from one to five blocks into a tower. As the blocks are being stacked, help the children count each block. As the children make progress, separate the blocks by colors and make additional towers. Review the colors with the children before counting the blocks. 9

10 Activities Give children many opportunities to count objects. Place five bowls and the small counting items on the table in front of each child. Place one magnetic number in the bottom of each bowl from one to five. Ask the children to drop the counting items into the bowls while counting. This activity can be done with a variety of counting objects, such as shells, buttons, or chips. Change the number from six to nine as the children make progress. Play Number Hide and Seek. Hide a set of objects around the room, such as a set of plastic eggs or blocks. Ask the children to find the items that are hidden around the room and place them in a container. After all of the items are found, count the items with the children. Start the activity with five items and as the children make progress, add additional items. Select the one through five number cards from the Number Card set. Show the children the number cards while pointing to and saying the name of each number. After saying the names of the numbers, count the items for each number. Ask the children to close their eyes while the teacher hides the number cards around the room. Ask the children to find the number cards. When they find the number cards, help them arrange them in chronological order. Give each child five pieces of paper that have been stapled together. Print the numbers 1 through 5 on the pages. Ask the children to draw the corresponding number of objects on the pages. When the children complete the first five pages, give them pages with the numbers 6 through 10 written on them. Help the children think of items that can be drawn, such as: animals, balloons, foods, flowers, and people. Give the children many opportunities to count their body parts. How many feet do you have? How many ears do you have? How many eyes do you have? How many legs do you have? How many heads do you have? How many arms do you have? How many necks do you have? How many fingers do you have? 10

11 Counting Ages Oral Language Experiences Listens to and responds to songs and books about counting Says numbers 1 to 20 Uses vocabulary words in conversations Learning Experiences Recognizes some number words Matches number words with manipulative numbers Identifies written numbers from 1 12 Puts numbers in order from 1 12 Counts objects and people up to the number 12 Demonstrates one-to-one correspondence when counting objects Incorporates counting activities into everyday activities From the Garden By Michael Dahl Core Vocabulary Words one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty Rich Vocabulary Words counting numbers tomato carrots strawberry Additional Children s Books Five Little Ducks, Raffi I Can Count to 100, Michael Smollin One Big Building, Michael Dahl Who s Counting?, Nancy Tafuri 11

12 Oral Language Activities Materials Needed Book: From the Garden, by Michael Dahl Magnetic numbers Cut out pictures from Activity Pictures # 1 Cut out pictures from Activity Pictures # 2 Cut out words from Activity Pictures # 3 Small counting items Large beads and laces Child name card Activities Children need many repeated counting activities to learn to count. Tell the children that they are going to practice counting. Give each child his or her name card. Ask the children to count the number of letters in their name. Hold up different magnetic numbers and ask the children to stand up if their name contains the number that is shown. Continue until all children are standing. As the children make progress, print the child s phone number on the back of the name card. Help the children learn to identify their name and their phone number. Make up counting rhymes every month to promote counting. Use different themes, such as apples, pumpkins, trees, hearts, eggs, and flowers. Sing the Pumpkins song with the children. Pumpkins One pumpkin, two pumpkins, three pumpkins, four, Five pumpkins, six pumpkins, seven pumpkins more. Eight pumpkins, nine pumpkins, ten pumpkins ready to be picked. 12

13 Activities Use the Number Cards for this activity. Place the one through ten number cards on the floor. Sing the Find the Number song with the children. Find the Number Tune: If You re Happy and You Know It There are numbers on the floor, on the floor. There are numbers on the floor, on the floor. There are numbers on the floor, 1, 2, 3, and many more. There are numbers on the floor, on the floor. Verse I Find a one on the floor, on the floor. Find a two on the floor, on the floor. Find a three on the floor, on the floor. Find a four on the floor, on the floor. Find a five on the floor, on the floor. Verse II Find a six on the floor, on the floor. Find a seven on the floor, on the floor. Find a eight on the floor, on the floor. Find a nine on the floor, on the floor. Find a ten on the floor, on the floor. Ask five children to sit in a line and sing the following song. Tell them to pretend they are frogs. Sing the Little Frogs song with the children. Little Frogs Five little frogs sitting on a log. (children sit) One jumped into the pond where it was nice and cool. (one child jumps) Then there were four. Four little frogs sitting on a log. (children sit) One jumped into the pond where it was nice and cool. (one child jumps) Then there were three. Three little frogs sitting on a log. (children sit) One jumped into the pond where it was nice and cool. (one child jumps) Then there were two. Two little frogs sitting on a log. (children sit) One jumped into the pond where it was nice and cool. (one child jumps) Then there was one. One little frog sitting on a log. (child sits) One jumped into the pond where it was nice and cool. (one child jumps) And then there were none. 13

14 First Reading of the Book Show the children the cover of the From the Garden book. Tell the children that this is a book about numbers and growing food. Ask the children to tell you what they see on the cover of the book. Help them identify the child holding one head of lettuce and pulling the wagon carrying three heads of lettuce. Ask the following questions: What is the child holding? (one head of lettuce) How many heads of lettuce is the boy holding? (one) What is the child pulling? (one wagon) How many heads of lettuce are in the wagon? (three) Read the title of the book and the author s name to the children. Begin reading the book. As you read the book, point to the vegetables and the printed number words on the pages such as, This is one fat tomato and the number one. After reading, orally count from 1 through 12 with the children. Second Reading of the Book Read the book again to the children. As you are reading the book, ask the children to count the vegetables on the pages with you. Point to the number word and the number on each page. After reading the book a second time, tell the children that there are numbers hidden in the pictures. Go through each page of the book and ask the children to find the hidden numbers on pages three through eleven. 1 on the stem of the tomato 2 in Tony s ear 3 in Sarah s pony tail 4 on the handle of the wagon 5 on the broccoli stem 6 on the basket handle 7 on the collar of the shirt 8 in the earring 9 on the boy s hat 10 on the radish sign 11 on the yellow pepper 12 on the top left salad on page 23 Give the children many opportunities to independently look through the book to find the hidden numbers on the pages. 14

15 Second Reading of the Book When reading the book, highlight the CORE and Rich Vocabulary words. Read the book several times throughout the week. Read the books suggested in the Additional Children s Books section. Activities Place magnetic numbers and cut out graphics from Activity Pictures #1 (one through six) on the table. Ask the children to count the number of vegetables in each picture card and place the corresponding magnetic number on the picture. As the children master numbers one through six, place a copy of Activity Pictures #2 (seven through twelve) on the table. Ask the children to count the vegetables in each picture. Repeat these activities throughout the week. Orally count from one through twelve with the children. Some children will be able to use the number words from Activity Pictures #3 while counting the vegetables in the pictures. Ask the children to place the corresponding number words on the picture cards. Place pairs of small items on the table. Make sure there are two of each item. The items might include screws, shells, nails, buttons, and crayons. Ask the children to match the items by finding two items that are alike. Encourage them to look for the same colored items, the same sized items, and the same length items. Put five items of one kind and six items of another kind on the table. Items might include small blocks, crayons, pencils, buttons, or shells. Mix the items up. Have the children sort the items and then count them. Ask, Which group has more? or Which group has less? Provide many activities for children to practice counting. Give the children meaningful ways to practice counting and to use numbers. For example, see the following suggestions: Count the number of children present daily. Count the number of forks and spoons needed during lunch time. Count the number of cups needed for drinks. Count the children who are wearing something red, something blue, something brown, and something black. Count the children who have a dog, a cat, or a fish. Count the number of books on the table. 15

16 Activities Place magnetic numbers on the table and give each child a piece of paper and a marker. Ask the children to randomly select one number and write the number on the paper. Ask the children to draw the corresponding number of objects. Place a bowl of large beads on the table. Give each child a lace and a magnetic number from one to nine. Ask the children to string the number of beads that match their magnetic number on the lace. Learning Activities Materials Needed Cut out the pictures from Activity Pictures #4 Cut out the pictures from Activity Pictures #5 Cut out the pictures from Activity Pictures #6 Socks (five) 20 Paper plates Clothespins Counting Items (buttons, pennies, shells, chips) Cheerios (or other small counting items) Foam dice Child s name card Sidewalk chalk Activities Cut out the ice cream cone sections from Activity Pictures #4 and #5. Give each child a bottom cone section. Place the dotted ice cream segments on the table. Ask the children to match the writen numbers on the cone with the dots on the ice cream sections. Help them count the dots. As they place the ice cream on the cones, ask them to tell you the numbers on the ice cream cones. 16

17 Activities Place a few small counting items in each of five socks. Give each child a sock. Ask the children to stick their hands inside the socks and count with their fingers the number of items in the socks. Ask the children to exchange socks with different quantities of items to keep the activity fun. Write three numbers from one through twelve on index cards. Give each child a card. Call out a number and ask the children to see if they have that number on their cards. If they do, ask them to point to the number. Give children many opportunities to play this game while exchanging their pages Give each child a card with his/her name printed on it. Ask each child to count the number of letters in his/her name. After all children have counted the letters in their names, ask the following questions: Which name has the highest number of letters? Which name has the lowest number of letters? Are there any names that have the same amount of letters? Play the Hop Scotch counting game with the children. Use sidewalk chalk to draw a column of ten squares on a cement surface. Starting at the bottom of the column, write the numbers one to ten inside the squares. Have the children jump from square to square while saying the names of the numbers. After the children are familiar with the numbered squares, say things such as: Jump on number 3; Put one foot on 3 and one foot on 4; Jump to the first square, what number is it? Jump to the last square, what number is it? Continue changing the numbers. Write the numbers from one to twenty on paper plates. Give each child a paper plate and ask him/her to use the appropriate number of clothespins to clip onto the plates. As the children clip the clothespins on the plates, ask them to count out loud. Begin with the numbers from one to ten and as the children make progress, add the numbers from eleven to twenty. Give the children many opportunities to repeat this activity. 17

18 Activities Gather the children in a circle. Roll out a foam dice and ask the children to help you count the numbers on the top side of the dice. Give each child an opportunity to roll out the dice and count the dots on the top side of the dice. After the children have had many counting opportunities, place the magnetic numbers from one through six on the floor and ask the children to match the magnetic number with the number of dots on the top side of the dice. Print the numbers from one to five on a piece of construction paper. Draw a circle around the numbers. Place small bowls of Cheerios on the table and ask the children to count out the number of Cheerios needed to match the numbers on the paper. Have the children place the Cheerios within the numbered circles. Give your children daily opportunities to count objects in the environment (number of children present, books on a shelf, blocks, days of the month, shoes). Use Activity Pictures # 6 for this activity. Cut out the apples and place a magnet on the back of each apple. Give each child an apple and count the apples with the children. Place the apples on a cookie sheet while singing the Apples song. Apples One apple, two apples, three apples, four. Five apples, six apples, seven apples more. Eight apples, nine apples, ten apples all. Lets count them all together, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,

19 Activities Give children many opportunities to use one-to-one correspondence. Give children opportunities to pair real objects and at the same time count the objects. Everyday activities might include: Ask children to place one napkin, fork, spoon and cup at each place during lunch time. During silent reading time, give each child one book. Play musical chairs with enough chairs for all children. Tell the children that there is a chair for each child when the music stops. Say the names of the children and ask the children to clap once for each syllable in their name. Sing the Tell Me the Number song with the children. At the end of each sentence, ask the children to tell you the number. Tell Me the Number Tell me the number that comes after (2). Tell me the number that comes after (2). Tell me the number that comes after (2). Who can tell me the number? Begin with the numbers one through twelve and as the children make progress, add the numbers from thirteen through twenty. Change the song to numbers that come before the number. 19

20 Counting Activity Pictures #1 20

21 Counting Activity Pictures #2 21

22 Counting Activity Pictures #3 one three five seven nine eleven two four six eight ten twelve 22

23 Counting Activity Pictures #

24 Counting Activity Pictures #5 24

25 Counting Activity Pictures #

26 Counting Activity Pictures #7 one two three four five six seven eight nine 26

27 Counting Activity Pictures #8 Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. Ask me to count from one to ten. 27

28 Counting Activity Pictures #9 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty 28

29 Counting Activity Pictures #10 Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. Ask me to count from one to twenty. 29