Cycle Logistics & Last Mile Deliveries. Richard Armitage FCILT Director, Cycle Waggle Ltd. Manchester ( ) London ( )

Transcription

1 Delivered by Bike!

2 Cycle Logistics & Last Mile Deliveries Richard Armitage FCILT Director, Cycle Waggle Ltd Manchester ( ) London ( )

3 We need to improve the sustainability of our cities City logistics is responsible for: a quarter of CO 2 emissions a third of NO x emissions a third of PM emissions Source: BIM, Brussels, 2015 EU Objective: City distribution CO 2 free by 2030 Vrije Universiteit Brussel - MOBI 3

4 Slide 4/16 P&G 9/12/2013

5 Slide 5/16 P&G 9/12/2013

6 Cathy Macharis, VUB-MOBI 6

7 How do we decarbonise last mile deliveries and logistics in general? Can the modern cargo bike play a role? Will it be a viable business, safe and efficient? How much will our riders earn in this new business? Will this work adversely affect our riders health? Can our infrastructure cope with bigger bikes and trikes? When is a bike no longer a bike, looking especially at payload and electric assist? What can municipalities do to encourage cycle logistics? Will Big Data, ITS and all the rest make the job easier?

8 Cycle logistics is not new!

9 The changing urban landscape Manchester City Centre Freight & Deliveries Strategy in draft, 2015

10 The rebirth of cycle logistics 1. Environmental awareness & positive image of cycling

11 The rebirth of cycle logistics 2. Rising cycling culture & new urban centre lifestyle choices

12 The rebirth of cycle logistics 3. Giving back public space to people

13 The rebirth of cycle logistics 4. E-commerce and retail evolution Instead of completely replacing older retail logistics schemes, most recent ones have added to them

14 Last mile deliveries / first mile collections in chaos Failed delivery rates: 15% Employers banning domestic deliveries at workplace People who have no work base e.g. taxi driver, plumber On-line shopping up 15% p.a. Parcel shops, lockers, click n collect Vans: parking fines (PCNs), congestion, noise, access blocked, time restrictions, partial loads Disruptive interventions: Amazon Prime, Shutl, Doddle same day deliveries 3D printing Great business opportunity!

15 Cycle logistics - what an offer! Cost Effective (but not cheap!) Fast & Reliable Flexible Delivery Capability Secure & Professional Zero Emissions & Quiet Positive Image: fun, smart, trendy Development of local SMEs Provider of employment

16 The rebirth of cycle logistics 5. Developments in cycle design & technology

17 The rebirth of cycle logistics 6. Direct investment by global players

18 DHL EXPRESS bike couriers The express business DHL Express Global Time Definite Network Last mile principle B2B & B2C DHL distribution by bike in Europe is expanding 9 countries 40 cities 55 tours

19 Huge potential: motorised to pedal-powered In European cities, every second motorised trip associated with the transport of goods could be shifted from cars or vans to bicycles, cargo bikes or cargo trikes

20 Potential for deliveries When it comes to deliveries, every fourth trip associated with the transport of goods could be shifted from motorised vehicles to cargo bikes 25% of all urban deliveries could be done by cargo bike!

21 Bike types equipment options 1. Standard Bicycle with Shoulder Bags/Panniers 2. Standard Bicycle with Trailer 3. Cargo Bikes 4. Cargo Trike/Quadricycle

22 Standard bicycle with shoulder bags/panniers Advantages: Fast & agile Ease of use Low purchase cost Low maintenance cost Ease of storage On-road and off-road use Easy parking Can be taken on a train Disadvantages: Limit to size of packages carried (weight & volume) Lack of visibility Negative image Security of bike when making delivery Payload up to 40kg - Cost 50 to 200

23 Standard bicycle with trailer Advantages: Low purchase cost Low maintenance cost Can be hitched to many bike types Ability to carry larger loads On-road and off-road use Potential advertising revenue Trailer can be unhitched and taken closer to customer Disadvantages: Limited cargo security Open to weather Payload up to 80kg - Cost 200 to 400 Storage when not in use Maintenance of 2 items of equipment Push/pull effect when riding Need to lock bike and trailer Stability when riding

24 Cargo bike Advantages: Ability to carry larger loads Flexible cargo carrying capability On-road and off-road use Cargo secure and weather protected Designed for purpose Ease of use Potential advertising revenue Disadvantages: Purchase cost Maintenance cost Storage when not in use Payload up to 80kg - Cost 2,000 to 4,000 Additional bike security required Loading & unloading Greater rider ability required Overloading risk making bike unstable

25 Cargo trike or quadricycle Advantages: Ability to carry larger loads Flexible cargo carrying capability Cargo secure and weather protected Easy loading and unloading Designed for purpose Potential advertising revenue Comparable with a small van Disadvantages: Slow in traffic Purchase cost Payload up to 250kg - Cost 2,000 to 4,000 Maintenance cost Electric assist additional cost Storage when not in use Range when fully loaded May be restricted to the road network Parking Greater rider ability required Rider strength & stamina

26 Cycle logistics scope 1. Private Logistics 2. Services municipality and companies 3. Delivery

27 Cycle logistics scope private logistics

28 Cycle logistics scope services (1) Trades: plumbers, electricians, carpenters, window cleaners Waste collection Park & garden maintenance

29 Cycle logistics scope services (2) Catering Street cleaning

30 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Outspoken Delivery, Cambridge, UK

31 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Fleet 7 x cargo bikes 60kg of freight Approx 0.3m 3 4 x Cycles Maximus trikes 250kg of freight Approx 1.4m 3

32 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Types of cargo carried B2B (business to business)

33 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Types of cargo carried B2C (business to consumer) Last mile - for big logistics companies Local companies

34 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Problem: what to do when people are not at home?

35 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Services:

36 Cycle logistics scope - delivery a d e b c Ad-hoc - point to point Reliant on customers contacting you Fast delivery Cargo size dictates capacity Optimising efficient use of available capacity and riders Contracts Regular income Allows loads to be consolidated Efficient use of cargo bike space and rider Can service ad-hoc point to point job

37 Cycle logistics scope - delivery Up to 400 packages per day

38 Cycle logistics scope - delivery

39 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics

40 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics Context 1. Compared to passenger transport, urban freight logistics has to a large extent been neglected by urban transport policy making 2. City logistics is not properly integrated into transport planning and local economic development strategies 3. In most cities there is a lack of information and proper understanding of freight flows and dynamics of deliveries 4. Urban freight transport demand and supply mostly determined by private sector organisations 5. Public sector more focused on public transport systems and passenger transport

41 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics More stick than carrot Restricted access Parking restrictions Low emission zones Congestion charges Vehicle speed limits Delivery windows Vehicle size and weight restrictions Strengthen road traffic law and enforcement

42 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics More carrot than stick 1. Investment in cycling infrastructure 2. Use of cargo bikes for municipal services (leading by example) 3. Testing of regulatory measures favouring cyclelogistics 4. Remodelling on-street and off-street delivery requirements and facilities 5. Securing and providing space for micro consolidation centres and parcel stations 6. Full or part funding cyclelogistics inititatives 7. Promotion of cyclelogistics intermodal solutions 8. Cyclelogistics friendly tenders

43 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 1. Investment in Cycling Infrastructure Lane & entry widths: cargo bikes & trikes? Cargo bike parking spaces Secure cargo bike storage for residents

44 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 2. Use of cargo bike by municipalities leading by example Induction & training Institutional fear of cycling Staff opposition? Terms & conditions changes? Helmets?

45 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 3. Regulatory measures favouring cycle logistics

46 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 4. Remodelling on-street and off-street delivery requirements and facilities: a. Specific facilities for cargo bike parking b. Adoption of regulations for design and provision of off-street delivery and storage areas in business c. Cycle based home delivery services d. Incentives to local shops and businesses that choose green delivery options e. Cargo bike sharing schemes f. Development of delivery service plans for local shops & businesses

47 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 5. Securing and providing space for micro consolidation centres: a. Securing space for micro-hubs in policy planning and zoning strategies b. Identifying and adapting key public space for micro-consolidation purposes linked to cycle-based lastmile services c. Testing low cost mobile micro-hubs in cooperation with cyclelogistics companies d. Promoting strategies or incentives for shared micro-hubs

48 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 5. Securing and providing space for parcel stations: Direct to customer Transhipment

49 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 6. Full or part funding cycle logistics initiatives Devon County Council - Local Sustainable Transport Fund support - 2electric bikes & accessories supplied (75% funding) - For local deliveries (>3 miles) Carplus EAPC Programme - Outspoken Delivery try before you buy cargo bike scheme Similar examples in Austria, Graz (50% funding), Lustenau & Hartberg

50 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 7. Promotion of cycle logistics through intermodal solutions

51 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics 8. Cycle logistics friendly tenders Many tenders are written assuming solution has to be van based May be necessary to run a pilot to prove cycle logistics solution Be willing to split tenders into smaller area (e.g. cycle logistics routes, motorised vehicle routes) Actively encourage joint supplier solutions Don t be constrained by conventional thinking!

52 What councils can do to encourage cycle logistics Establish urban freight delivery platform Get all stakeholders together Outline the problems Highlight the possibilities via example implementations Discuss potential ideas and easy first solutions - Group purchasing scheme - Consolidated deliveries - Home delivery - Customer ordering/delivery portal - Cargo bike sharing scheme Identify realistic and achievable first steps

53 More research and knowledge-sharing required How do we decarbonise last mile deliveries and logistics in general, especially in urban centres? Can the modern cargo bike play a role? Will it be a viable business, safe and efficient, and will everyone earn a living? Will this work adversely affect our riders health? Can our infrastructure cope with bigger bikes and trikes? When is a bike no longer a bike, looking especially at payload and electric assist? What can municipalities do to encourage cycle logistics? Will Big Data, ITS and all the rest make the job easier?

54 Summary Cycle logistics is not new! Liveable cities is no longer a trendy aspiration, it has become essential to sort our air quality and tackle climate change, reduce noise, get rid of congestion. BUT people still want easy access to products/services 1 in 2 motorised cargo trips & 25% of urban commercial deliveries could be done by bike Right bike for the job: bikes, trailers, cargo bikes & trikes Many business opportunities for cycle based solutions Private enterprise will implement solutions Councils can encourage cycle logistics

55 Summary Thank you for listening Any questions?

56 Resources Cycle Logistics - Delivery Examples: From farm to customer: Mobile consolidation centre:

57 About the authors Richard Armitage FCILT Director, Cycle Waggle Ltd., Manchester Gary Armstrong Outspoken Delivery, Cambridge, UK