Exam I The Cosmic Landscape Chapter 3 Chapter 1 Chapter 6 Chapter 2 Essay 3: Essay 1:

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1 Exam I The Cosmic Landscape (Read over) Chapter 1 The Cycles of the Sky 1.1 The Celestial Sphere Constellations Daily Motions of the Sun and Stars Annual Motion of the Sun The Ecliptic and the Zodiac 1.2 The Seasons The Ecliptic s Tilt Solstices and Equinoxes 1.3 The Moon 1.4 Eclipses Appearance of Eclipses Rarity of Eclipses Precession of the Moon s Orbit Chapter 2 The Rise of Astronomy 2.1 Early Ideas of the Heavens Classical Astronomy The Shape of the Earth The Size of the Earth Distance and Size of the Sun and Moon 2.2 The Planets Explaining the Motion of the Planets Ptolemy Islamic Contributions Asian Contributions 2.3 Astronomy in the Renaissance Copernicus Tycho and Kepler Kepler 2.4 The Birth of Astrophysics Galileo Newton Astronomy and Astrology New Discoveries New Technologies Essay 1: Backyard Astronomy Learning the Constellations Star Lore Amateur Astronomy Small Telescopes Star Charts Celestial Coordinates Planetary Configurations Your Eyes at Night Chapter 3 Gravity and Motion 3.1 Inertia 3.2 Orbital Motion and Gravity 3.3 Newton s Second Law of Motion Acceleration Mass 3.4 The Law of Gravity 3.5 Newton s Third Law of Motion 3.6 Measuring an Object s Mass Using Orbital Motion 3.7 Surface Gravity 3.8 Escape Velocity Chapter 6 The Earth 6.1 The Earth as a Planet Shape and Size of the Earth Composition of the Earth Density of the Earth 6.2 The Earth s Interior 6.3 The Age of the Earth 6.4 Motions in the Earth s Interior Convection in the Earth s Interior Plate Tectonics 6.5 The Earth s Magnetic Field Origin of the Earth s Magnetic Field Magnetic Effects on Cosmic Particles 6.6 The Earth s Atmosphere Structure of the Atmosphere Composition of the Atmosphere The Greenhouse Effect The Ozone Layer Origin of the Atmosphere 6.7 Motions of the Earth The Coriolis Effect Precession Essay 3: Keeping Time Length of the Daylight Hours The Day Time Zones Universal Time Daylight Saving Time The Week The Month The Calendar Leap Year Religious Calendars Other Calendars Moon Lore The Abbreviations

2 Chapter 7 The Moon 7.1 Description of the Moon General Features Surface Features Origin of Lunar Surface Features 7.2 Structure of the Moon Crust and Interior The Absence of Atmosphere 7.3 Orbit and Motions of the Moon The Moon s Rotation Oddities of the Moon s Orbit 7.4 Origin and History of the Moon 7.5 Tides Cause of Tides Solar Tides Tidal Braking Ch. 8 Survey of Solar systems 8.1 Components of the Solar system The Sun The Orbits and Spins of the Planets Two Types of Planets Satellites Asteroids and Comets Composition Differences Densities of Planets Age of the Solar System 8.2 Formation of Planetary Systems Interstellar Clouds Formation of Solar Nebula Condensation in the Solar Nebula Accretion and Planetesimals Formation of the Planets Final Stages of Planet Formation Formation of Satellite Systems Formation of Atmospheres Cleaning up the Solar System 8.3 Other Planetary Systems Chapter 9 The Terrestrial Planets 9.1 Mercury 9.2 Venus The greenhouse effect (Ch. 6, p ) 9.3 Mars 9.4 Why Are the Terrestrial Planets So Different? Chapter 10 The Outer Planets 10.1 Jupiter 10.2 Saturn 10.3 Uranus 10.4 Neptune 10.5 Pluto and Beyond Chapter 11 Meteors, Asteroids, and Comets 11.1 Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites Heating of meteoroids Types of Meteorites 11.2 Asteroids 11.3 Comets 11.4 Giant Impacts Equations that appear on the Astronomy 311 Winterim midterm exam:

3 Sky Chart for Study Purposes January 9, 2014 Stars or constellations you should know how to find on a blank star chart: Stars: Constellations: Polaris Ursa Major ( Big Dipper ) Procyon \ Ursa Minor ( Little Dipper ) Sirius -- Winter Triangle Cepheus Betelgeuse / Cassiopeia Pleiades cluster Andromeda Capella Auriga Aldebaran Taurus Regulus Leo Orion

4 Final Exam Chapter 4 Light and Atoms 4.1 Properties of Light Waves or Particles? Light and color EM waves and frequency White light 4.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum Wavelength regions (all of them) Energy carried by EM radiation 4.3 The Nature of Matter and Heat The Kelvin Temperature Scale Temperature and Radiation Stefan-Boltzmann Law (Ch. 13, p ) 4.4 Radiation from Individual Atoms The chemical elements Electron Orbitals The Generation of Light by Atoms 4.5 Formation of a Spectrum How a Spectrum is Formed Identifying atoms Types of spectra Astronomical spectra 4.6 The Doppler Shift: Detecting Motion 4.7 Absorption in the Atmosphere Essay 2: Special and General Relativity We examine General Relativity a little bit when we talk about black holes in chapter 15 Chapter 5 Telescopes 5.1 Telescopes 5.2 Resolving Power Interferometers 5.3 Detecting Light 5.4 Telescopes on the Ground and in Space Atmospheric Blurring Space Obs. vs. Ground 5.5 Observatories Chapter 12 The Sun, Our Star 12.1 Size and Structure 12.2 How the Sun Works 12.3 Probing the Sun's Core 12.4 Solar Magnetic Activity 12.5 The Solar Cycle Chapter 13 Measuring the Properties of Stars 13.1 Measuring a Star's Distance 13.2 Measuring the Properties of Stars from Their Light 13.3 Spectra of Stars 13.4 Binary Stars Visual and Spectroscopic binaries Measuring Stellar Masses with binaries Eclipsing Binary Stars 13.5 Summary of Stellar Properties 13.6 The H-R Diagram 13.7 Variable Stars 13.8 Finding a Star's Distance by the Method of Standard Candles Chapter 14 Stellar Evolution 14.1 The Evolution of a Star 14.2 Star Formation 14.3 Main-Sequence Stars 14.4 Giant Stars Leaving the Main Sequence 14.5 Yellow Giants and Pulsating Stars 14.6 Death of Stars Like the Sun 14.7 Old Age of Massive Stars 14.8 History of Stellar Evolution Theories Chapter 15 Stellar Remnants: White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes 15.1 White Dwarfs 15.2 Neutron Stars General Properties and Origin Pulsars and the Discovery of Neutron Stars Emission from Neutron Stars Structure of Neutron Stars Neutron Stars in Binary Systems X-Ray Binary Stars Gravitational Waves 15.3 Black Holes The Nature of Space Around Black Holes The Formation and Observation of Black Holes Hawking Radiation Chapter 16 The Milky Way Galaxy 16.1 Discovering the Milky Way 16.2 Overview of the Milky Way 16.3 Stars of the Milky Way 16.4 Gas and Dust in the Milky Way 16.5 Motion of Stars and Gas in the Milky Way 16.6 Measuring the Milky Way 16.7 The Galactic Center 16.8 Evolution of the Milky Way Chapter 17 Galaxies 17.1 Discovering Galaxies 17.2 Measuring the Properties of Galaxies 17.3 Dark Matter 17.4 Active Galaxies 17.5 Quasars as Probes of Intergalactic Space 17.6 Galaxy Clusters Chapter 18 Cosmology Essay 4 Life in the Universe

5 Equations that appear on the Astronomy 311 Winterim final exam: