To Kill a Mockingbird

Transcription

1 by Harper Lee Student Handouts & Projection Masters

2 Atticus Calpurnia Dill Characterization Write words or phrases in each of the callouts that the other characters might use to describe Scout. Jem S C O Miss Caroline U T Walter Cunningham 72 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights

3 Miss Maudie s Characterization At the end of each line in the web below, write words or phrases that describe Miss Maudie s characteristics. Then, in the box below the web, describe her relationship with Scout, Jem, and Atticus. Miss Maudie 74 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

4 Venn Diagram Use the Venn diagram below to compare and contrast Scout s white church and Calpurnia s black church as seen through Scout s eyes. Then, in the box below, tell how these differences reflect the differences between the blacks and whites in Maycomb. White Church Black Church Both 80 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

5 To Kill a Mockingbird T-Chart Facts and Testimony That Support the Charges Facts and Testimony That Do Not Support the Charges Is there reasonable doubt that Tom Robinson committed the crime? Why or why not? 86 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

6 Euphemism Blackline Master #1 Euphemism A euphemism is an expression that replaces a harsh or offensive word or phrase. Examples: A garbage man becomes a sanitation engineer. Many soldiers killed in battle is replaced with heavy casualties. Why do we create euphemisms? Can you think of any other examples? Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 69

7 Euphemism Blackline Master #1 Euphemisms in To Kill a Mockingbird Identify the euphemisms in the following passage from chapter 1 of To Kill a Mockingbird. The Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb s leading blacksmith in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare They persisted is pleading Not Guilty to first-degree murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except be present at their departure How do these euphemisms affect the tone of the novel? 70 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

8 Allusion Blackline Master #1 Allusion An allusion is a brief reference to a work of art, such as a book, poem, or song, or to a famous place, person, or event. It allows a writer to say much with only a few words. Here is an example: Gracie s Romeo took her out to lunch this afternoon. What kind of relationship does Gracie have with the subject of this sentence? How do you know this? 76 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

9 Allusion Blackline Master #2 Allusion Examples She [Miss Maudie] loved everything that grew in God s earth, even the weeds. With one exception. If she found a blade of nut grass in her yard, it was like the Battle of the Marne: she swooped down upon it with a tin tub and subjected it with blasts from beneath a poisonous substance she said was so powerful it d kill us all if we didn t stand out of the way. Why, one sprig of nut grass can ruin the whole yard. Look here. When it comes fall this dries up and the wind blows it all over Maycomb County. Miss Maudie s face likened such an occurrence unto an Old Testament pestilence. Harper Lee s To Kill a Mockingbird Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 77

10 Idiom Blackline Master #1 An Idiom An idiom is a phrase that means something different than the literal meaning of the individual words. For example, picture this statement in your mind: The old man kicked the bucket. Do you see an old man using his leg to kick a bucket? This is the literal meaning of the statement. But this statement also contains an idiom that means something quite different. To kick the bucket is an idiom that means to die. 78 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

11 Communicating with Idioms To Kill a Mockingbird Idiom Blackline Master #2 All cultures develop idioms. You probably say and write them all the time without realizing it. However, these phrases are very confusing to a person who is beginning to learn English. Imagine you are talking to a friend from another country and you make the following statements. Why might these statements confuse your friend? o I ll pick you up at seven o clock. o Let s go over our math homework. o I couldn t make heads or tails of the lesson today. o I ll be on the ropes if I don t pass the exam. o I want to sweep my last test score under the rug. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 79

12 Symbolism Blackline Master #1 Symbolism A symbol is anything that stands for or represents something beyond itself. An author may use a real thing an object, person, event, etc. to represent an idea or to communicate a message. What do these symbols represent? Can you identify other familiar symbols? 82 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

13 Identifying Symbolism To Kill a Mockingbird Symbolism Blackline Master #2 The repeated use of an object, idea, action, and so forth, is a hint that it is being used symbolically. The mockingbird is a symbol in this novel. It has been mentioned once in the novel so far, but it will be mentioned again. See what you can learn about his symbol as you continue to read. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 83

14 Symbolism Blackline Master #3 Looking Beyond the Literal Meaning Sometimes as you read, you get the sense that something written in a story could have a meaning beyond its literal meaning. When you sense that this is so, look for clues in the story that support that possibility. For example, look at how Nathaniel Hawthorne describes a prison door in chapter 1 of The Scarlet Letter: some fifteen or twenty years after the settlement of the town, the wooden jail was already marked with weatherstains and other indications of age, which gave a yet darker aspect to its beetle-browed and gloomy front. The rust on the ponderous iron-work of its oaken door looked more antique than any thing else in the new world. Like all that pertains to crime, it seemed never to have known a youthful era. Before this ugly edifice, and between it and the wheel-track of the street, was a grass-plot, much overgrown with such unsightly vegetation, which evidently found something congenial in the soil that had so early borne the black flower of civilized society, a prison. 84 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

15 Symbolism Blackline Master #4 The Maycomb County Courthouse As you read chapter 16 in To Kill a Mockingbird, notice author Harper Lee s description of the Maycomb County Courthouse. It is like Hawthorne s description of the prison door because it has a deeper meaning it also says something about the people in the town. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 85

16 News Article Blackline Master #1 The News Article Every news article must contain the following information: Who What Where When Why How 88 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

17 News Article Blackline Master #2 Parts of a News Article #1 Headline The headline titles the article. It is printed in a larger font and should grab the readers attention. #2 Lead The lead is the first paragraph of a news article. It should contain the most important information of the article. #3 Body The body provides details on the information presented in the lead. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 89

18 News Article Blackline Master #3 Tips on Writing a News Article Make your headline dramatic so your audience will want to read further. The lead should contain a summary of the who, what, where, when, why, and how information. Report facts. Do not include your opinion in the article, though you may quote the opinions of other people as part of the story. The information in the body should give details that support the basic information stated in the lead. More facts, statistics, and quotations are examples of the kind of information to include in the body. 90 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

19 Theme Blackline Master #1 Theme An author creates a literary work with a purpose in mind. A theme is based on a central idea in the author s work. The author of well-crafted novel will use many aspects of her work to communicate themes. These aspects include the narration, the characters and their dialogue, and the story s action. Even literary techniques, such as symbolism and figurative language, can be used to support the novel s themes. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 91

20 Theme Blackline Master #2 Themes in To Kill a Mockingbird One strong, reoccurring idea in this novel is related to compassion. This theme can be stated: To understand other people to understand their problems and to see them in the best possible light you need to stand in their shoes and see life through their eyes. How has author Harper Lee communicated this theme in the novel? What other themes can you identify? To state a theme, write a sentence telling what the author has communicated about a particular idea. 92 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.