Design, Application and Experience of SF 6 Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) and Lines (GIL)

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1 SF 6 Environmental Aspects Daniel C. Lauzon daniel.lauzon@solvay.com -1-

2 What is sulfur Hexafluoride? SF 6 is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas. 5 times heavier than air Extremely stable gas with high dielectric strength and excellent arc-quenching properties but a potent greenhouse gas 1 lb SF 6 = 22,500 lbs CO 2 equivalent -2-

3 Quenching Capacity of SF 6-3-

4 What to do about the high GWP of SF 6? No legislation foreseen Handling Guidelines Corporate programs The ReUse of SF 6 Life Cycle Assessment Government programs User Agreements -4-

5 SF 6 Handling Guidelines Guide to the Checking of Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF 6 ) Taken from Electrical Installations IEC Standard SF 6 Recycling Guide CIGRE WG plus others -5-

6 The SF 6 ReUse Program New gas Electrical apparatus SF6 servicing unit Checking the state of gas SO 2 decomposition products H 2 O Air Oil good Normal Case Producer SOLVAY Special Case SF6 servicing unit Incineration Producer SOLVAY Exceptional Case -6-

7 The SF 6 ReUse Program - Normal Case Determine gas quality Remove SF 6 from electrical enclosure Filter contaminants Re-analyze Re-introduce SF 6 into enclosure -7-

8 The SF 6 ReUse Program Special Case Contact a Solvay company to receive sampling kit Gas is analyzed to determine suitability for reclaiming Company sends used SF 6 back to a gas handling facility in specially marked cylinders When a sufficient quantity is obtained, used gas is sent back to Solvay Fluor s production facility in Germany Used SF 6 is fed back into virgin SF 6 production stream Fulfills all requirements of virgin gas -8-

9 The SF 6 ReUse Program Special Case -9-

10 The SF 6 ReUse Program Special Case -10-

11 Life Cycle Assessment Provides comprehensive consideration of entire power supply system. Looks beyond the environmental view limited to the greenhouse potential of a unit of SF 6 Life Cycle Assessment is directed to all relevant environmental criteria -11-

12 AIS Technology four substations on outskirts GIS Technology Three substations in the city -12-

13 GIS reduces all potential environmental impacts studied -13-

14 Life Cycle Assessment - Conclusions Use of SF 6 leads to considerable environmental advantages Requires the use of GIS installations that ensure low SF 6 emissions and rigorous application of a closed loop SF 6 cycle (ReUse Program) Technical and logistical prerequisites for this effort already exist -14-

15 User Agreements Generally recognized that there are no suitable alternatives for SF 6 in the short or medium term No plans foreseen to legislate phase-out of SF 6 Government bodies and agencies have implemented a number of voluntary programs aimed at reducing SF 6 emissions Europe CIGRE USA - EPA -15-

16 United States Environmental Protection Agency The EPA s SF 6 Emissions Reduction Partnership for Electric Power Systems The partnership s primary goal is to achieve environmental and economic benefits by reducing SF 6 emissions -16-

17 EPA s Memorandum of Understanding To become a partner, interested parties sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) MOU is a voluntary agreement between EPA and industry partners that outlines the roles and responsibilities of each party. MOU commits partners to explore only the emissions abatement strategies that are both technically and economically feasible, permitting individual partners to determine the best strategy for their particular situation. -17-

18 Bibliography Guide for SF6 Gas Mixtures CIGRE WG 23-02, TF01 SF6 Recycling Guide CIGRE WG 23-10, TF01 Handling of SF6 and its Decomposition Products in Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) CIGRE WG Use and Handling of Sulfur Hexafluoride in High-voltage Switchgear and Control Gear IEC/TR Guide to the checking of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) taken from electrical installations IEC Practical Guide to SF6 Handling Practices TR