Cerebral Blood Supply
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1 Cerebral Blood Supply مالحظة :.هذا الملف للمراجعة وترتيب المعلومات فقط وليس مرجع للمذاكرة النه ليست كل المعلومات متضمنة Done by: لينة الجرف
2 Carotid System Internal carotid artery Vertebro Basilar System Subclavian arteries Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Vertebral arteries Basilar artery Posterior cerebral artery unite to form.. at the upper border of pons
3 Superolateral surface medial surface Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Posterior cerebral artery Supplies: orbital and medial surfaces of the frontal and parietal lobes A narrow part on the superolateral surface Supplies entire Superolateral surface: Somatosensory Cortex Motor Cortex Language areas: Broca's Area Wernicke s Area Auditory areas: Primary auditory area Auditory association (Heschl s Gyrus) Supplies: Anterior and inferior parts of temporal lobe, Uncus, Inferior temporal gyrus, Inferior and Medial parts of Occipital lobe (visual areas)
4 Willis location Circulus Arteriosus (of Willis) On the base of the brain encircles Optic Chiasma Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Midbrain Composed of Branches (circle of Willis) 2 Anterior cerebral arteries 2 Internal carotid arteries 2 Posterior cerebral arteries 2 Posterior communicating arteries 1 Anterior communicating artery Perforating arteries (Anterior& Posterior): Numerous small vessels that penetrate the surface of the brain through the anterior and posterior perforating substances. o Anterior perforating artery (APA) supplies: Large part of Basal Ganglia Optic chiasma Internal capsule & Hypothalamus o Posterior perforating artery (PPA) supplies: Ventral portion of Midbrain parts of Subthalamus and Hypothalamus
5 Arterial disorders Stroke Sudden occlusion of the blood supply It can be: hemorrhagic or ischemic Aneurysm Angioma
6 Effects of occlusion of cerebral arteries Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Posterior cerebral artery 1. Motor & sensory disturbances in the contralateral distal leg 2. Difficulty in the Prefrontal lobe functions: Cognitive thinking Judgment Motor initiation Self monitoring 1. Contralateral weakness of: Face, Arm & Hand (more than leg) 2.Contralateral sensory loss of: Face, Arm & Hand (more than leg) 3. Visual field cut (damage to optic radiation) 4. Aphasia (language disturbances ) Broca's: production Wernicke's: comprehension 1. Visual disturbances Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia In Bilateral lesions: Cortical Blindness patients unaware they cannot see (Anton's syndrome) 2. Memory impairment If the temporal lobe is affected
7 Superficial cortical veins Deep cortical veins Drain the internal structures (basal ganglia, internal capsule, thalamus) Superior cerebral vein Middle cerebral vein Inferior cerebral vein 2 Internal cerebral vein unite to form.. Great cerebral vein Continuous with.. Straight Sinus (inferior sagittal sinus)
8 Superficial cortical veins Superior cerebral vein (6-12) Drain lateral surface of brain above the lateral sulcus Terminate mainly into the Superior Sagittal sinus, and partly into Superficial middle cerebral vein. Inferior cerebral vein Run below the lateral sulcus Drain the lateral surface of the temporal lobe Terminate partly into superficial middle cerebral vein & partly into Transverse sinus. Middle cerebral vein Runs along the lateral sulcus Terminates into the Cavernous sinus It is connected posteriorly through Superior & Inferior anastomotic veins to Superior Sagittal & Transverse sinuses.
9 Dural Venous Sinuses Paired Transverse. Sigmoid. Cavernous. Petrosal. Blood flows from transverse & sigmoid sinuses into Inferior jugular vein (IJV) Single Superior sagittal. Inferior sagittal. Straight. Occipital.
10 Venous Disorders Infarction Sinus thrombosis NB: Obstruction of venous drainage of the brain leads to Cerebral edema and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) Superior Sagittal Sinus (SSS) thrombosis can complicate ear infection Cavernous Sinus thrombosis (as a complication of infection in the dangerous area)
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