Specifications. source: target

Transcription

1 Specifications natural, cylindric pressings (6 8 mm diameter, mm length) from renewable sources high quality: ÖNORM M 7135 (DIN PLUS) 2 kg pellets = 1 l gas oil delivered in sacks: 1 sack = 25 kg = 12,5 l gas oil delivered by tank vehicle: kg = l gas oil source: target 1

2 Full Automatic Boiler technology is well-established high investment starting at about EUR for a single family house storage room needed broad application area 10 > kw no special boundary conditions 2

3 Full Automatic Boiler small conveyer source: target 3

4 Wood Pellet Oven smaller pellet ovens to be installed in living room can be connected to heating system by installing a heat exchanger source: target 4

5 Storage Dimensioning the storage room 1 kw heat load = 0,9 m³ storage volumina (gross) useable storage volumina = 2/3 gross volumina 650 kg Pellets = 1 m³ 5

6 Storage delivery and suction door protection bevel conveyer source: target 6

7 Soil Tank source: target 7

8 Hydraulic Optimization 8

9 Hydraulic Balance Water always takes the way of lowest resistance high resistance = litte flow little resistance = high flow 9

10 Hydraulic Balance The hydraulic balance achieves that exactly the amount of water, which is necessary, flows through the pipes. flow barrier FH Wolfenbüttel 10

11 Hydraulic Balance

12 Troubleshooting and Consequences My rooms are cold. The radiators do not work correctly. My neighbour told me: Call your plumber, he will make the correct settings. Increasing Pump Power The maximal setting at the pump is switched. Higher Flow Temperatures higher temperature and / or more electrical power 12

13 Troubleshooting and Consequences 1) unbalanced distribution Radiators near to the pump are oversupplied and waste energy. 2) Uneven times to heat up Rooms get warm very uneven. 23 C 21 C 19 C 6:30 7:00 7:30 25 C 23 C 21 C 6:00 6:30 7:00 5:30 13

14 Troubleshooting and Consequences 3) High return temperatures Too high flows through the radiators cause too high return temperatures. The condensation is reduced. good condensation = efficient use of fuel little condensation = bad use of fuel cold return warm return 45 C 70 C FH Wolfenbüttel 14

15 Troubleshooting and Consequences 4) Unneeded high pump power More electrical power than needed is used. 5) Noise! Higher pump power causes noise in valves. FH Wolfenbüttel 15

16 Noise FH Wolfenbüttel 16

17 Solution Problem: High pump pressure causes noise. overflow valve thermostatic valve controler of pressure difference (50 bis 200 mbar) FH Wolfenbüttel 17

18 Solution 18

19 Solar Appliances 19

20 Using Solar Heat solar radiation diffuse radiation direct radiation reflexion absorption in the sun collector 95 % of the light is transferred into heat source: Solarcontact 20

21 Solar Radiation Map Ireland Yearly total horizontal irradiation (kwh/m²) 21

22 Rate of Solar Energy The rate of solar energy on hot domestic water depends on several parameters. Rate in Ireland % source: Viessmann 22

23 How it works source: 23

24 Direction and Gradient source: Schüco 24

25 Direction and Gradient Quelle: Schüco 25

26 Collector Types flat plate collector standard about 35 % COP frame robust, transparent cover copper absorber high efficient insulation source: Schüco, Viessmann 26

27 Collector Types vacuum collektor about 45 % COP better efficiency due to vacuum % less collector space than flat collectors possible high efficient insulation collecting pipe distribution pipe high quality glass absorber source: Viessmann 27

28 Designing Hot Domestic Water Demand depends on number of persons and individual demand on avarage Liter per day (8 kwh/day) Collector Space Qsol = Qww fs ηsys AKoll = Qsol Ekoll Characteristic Data m² collector space per person tank volume: about 1,5 2 x hot domestic water demand per day l tank volume per person EUR pro m² 28

29 Space Heating Support Requirements heat energy demand < 100 kwh/m²a low flow temperatures buffer tank Earnings 5 25 % covering of heat energy demand Characteristic Data for additional collector space flat collector: living space x 0,07 [in m²] vacuum collector: living space x 0,05 [in m²] Characteristic Data for buffer tank l /m² collector space 29

30 Cost Effectiveness of Different Heating Systems 30

31 Premisses terraced house 31

32 Premisses heat energy demand 150 kwh/(m²a) heated floor area 80 m² existing heating system (1) energy costs (1) electricity h = 100 % CO2 = 553 g/kwh existing heating system (2) energy costs (2) old gas boiler h = 65 % CO2 = 205,6 g/kwh 0,161 EUR/kWh 0,050 EUR/kWh 32

33 New Heating System: Gas Condensing Boiler investment costs EUR (18 kw, including all installing material) energy costs 0,050 EUR/kWh subsidies 0 EUR COP and emissions h = 90 % CO2 = 553 g/kwh 33

34 New Heating System: Soil-Water Heat Pump investment costs EUR (7,5 kw, including collector, buffer tank and installing material) energy costs 0,161 EUR/kWh subsidies EUR COP and emissions h = 4,0 CO2 = 553 g/kwh 34

35 New Heating System: Wood Pellet Boiler investment costs EUR (10 kw, including buffer tank, storage, installing material) energy costs 0,047 EUR/kWh subsidies EUR COP and emissions h = 80 % CO2 =??? g/kwh 35

36 Additionally: Solar Collectors for Domestic Water investment costs EUR Solar System (6 m² collectors, tank, controller) subsidies EUR Solar Collectors Rate of Solar System 60 % of hot domestic water 36

37 Additionally: Solar Collectors for Heating Support investment costs EUR Solar System (12 m² collectors, buffer tank, controller) subsidies EUR Solar Collectors Rate of Solar System 60 % of hot domestic water 30 % of heat energy demand please check specific rate in Ireland 37

38 The costs system end energy energy costs per year investment costs including subsidied Existing electricity system kwh Existing gas boiler kwh 923 gas condensing boiler kwh gas condensing boiler with 6 m² solar kwh gas condensing boiler with 12 m² solar kwh soil-water heat pump kwh wood pellet boiler kwh w

39 The costs yearly costs in EUR investment costs energy costs Re Re gas- 1 gas- 2 gas- 3 soil- 4 wood 5 condensing condensing condensing water pellet boiler boiler with boiler with heat pump boiler 6 m² solar 12 m² solar 39

40 CO2-Emissions yearly CO2-emissions in kg Reih gas- gas- gas- soil condensing condensing boiler with boiler with 6 m² solar 12 m² solar condensing boiler water heat pump 40