Trade and Exploration. Trade and Exploration. Trade and Exploration 3/5/2014. Why would Portugal and Spain decide to invest in exploration?

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1 Why would Portugal and Spain decide to invest in exploration? What is happening at the time that would make these countries decide to invest in exploration? What role did religion play in European exploration? How did Europeans see religion? 1

2 Trade helped Europe recover from what economic disaster in the 1300 s? How did European governments promote trade? Standardized weights and measures. Ensured the safety of traveling merchants. Enacted laws to protect private property Do all of these promote trade? What was the principal cause of death among American Indians after the arrival of European settlers? 2

3 What role did some African states play in the slave trade? On the heels of the enlightenment came the Revolutions that would change the world. American Revolution The British reacted to the Boston tea party by doing this Why was the Battle of Saratoga significant in the American Revolution? 3

4 As a result of supporting the Americans the French incurred a huge debt only adding to their financial troubles. The French third estate or commoner class included A) Nobles B) Clergy C) Merchants D) Lords Across Europe the French Revolution encouraged the growth of A) Imperialism B) Nationalism C) Capitalism D) Socialism 4

5 When Napoleon invaded Spain what did that do to the Spanish colonies in South America? In Japan the Emperor was restored as a Constitutional Monarchy. also called the Meiji Restoration INDUSTRIALIZATION James Watt 5

6 INDUSTRIALIZATION France used waterpower rather than steam power. why? INDUSTRIALIZATION Expansion of the steel industry in the American Midwest was due to the invention of the Bessemer process Machine tools creating part after part of the same size Interchangeable parts INDUSTRIALIZATION Henry Ford first large scale manufacturer to use the assembly line method of production. One reform the labor unions succeeded in winning by 1900? 6-day work week 6

7 INDUSTRIALIZATION and WWI What country became the leader in heavy manufacturing in the chemical, electrical and weapons industry by the late 1800 s? What is the effect of Germany becoming a leader in heavy manufacturing? Industrialization and WWI Industrialization and new military technologies resulted in Unprecedented bloodshed in World War I BALANCE OF POWER What nation destabilized the balance of power in Europe before World War I? Germany 7

8 BALANCE OF POWER What was the name of the alliance that Germany formed with Italy and Austria- Hungary in 1882 to protect itself from France? Triple Alliance What was the name of the alliance between France, Great Britain and Russia? Triple Entente WAR How did the Europeans react to the outbreak of World War I? Nobody predicted the unprecedented bloodshed!! WAR As a result of the unprecedented bloodshed in 1928, the U.S. and French attempted to Outlaw war as an instrument of foreign policy called the Kellogg-Briand Pact. 8

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11 Last Czar to rule RUSSIA Nicholas II RUSSIA The Revolution of 1905 reforms: Written constitution Elected national legislature Granting of basic liberties RUSSIA The Russian people initially supported the war. Turned against the war when hit with economical hardship. 11

12 RUSSIA The White armies were hindered by Geography and cause COMMUNISM Government took over private businesses and industries and dictated what was to be produced War communism COMMUNISM Under the New Economic Policy, Lenin did what? Relaxed the policies of war communism. 12