Multi-antenna Optimization in LTE
|
|
- Clemence Kelley
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Nokia Networks Multi-antenna Optimization in LTE Extended Coverage, Enhanced Data Rates and Higher Capacity with Existing Macro Sites Nokia Networks white paper Multi-antenna Optimization in LTE
2 Contents Introduction 3 Site solution 4 Base station 4TX4RX field performance 6 Base station 8TX8RX field performance 8 Centralized RAN 10 6-Sector solution 11 Further evolution of antenna solutions 13 Summary 14 Further reading 15 Page 2
3 Introduction Multi-antenna techniques have become an attractive solution for boosting user data rates, cell coverage areas and network capacity. Radio performance can be substantially enhanced by using the latest antenna technologies, while retaining existing base station sites and backhaul connections. The target is to bring more capacity and improve the network quality without increasing capital expenditure. The technological framework of LTE is very well prepared for making use of advanced antenna configurations. The first LTE version in 3GPP, Release 8, included MIMO2x2 in the downlink, 4-antenna downlink transmission (MIMO4x2) and multi-antenna uplink reception for four and eight antennas. Also uplink Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) with Centralized RAN (CRAN) can be supported with Release 8 terminals. All these features can be found in today s commercial LTE networks. Releases 9 and 10 added more advanced capabilities for 8-antenna Transmission Modes (TM) 8 and 9. Release 11 defined the downlink CoMP feature with ideal backhaul, while Release12 introduced enhanced CoMP with both ideal and non-ideal backhaul. A new 4-transmit antenna downlink codebook was also in Release 12 and it is expected to achieve a 10% gain in system performance. Release 13 is currently studying the use of larger numbers of MIMO antennas, also known as Massive MIMO, as well as using the vertical dimension for MIMO transmission. The evolution of multi-antennas in 3GPP specifications is shown in Figure 1. All today s terminals have two antennas for reception and one antenna for transmission. The first four-antenna terminals are already available in the market in the form of LTE + Wi-Fi routers. Release 8 Release 9 Release 10 Release 11 Release 12 Release 13 2x2MIMO 4TX downlink 4/8RX uplink Uplink CRAN 8TX TM8 8TX TM9 Downlink CoMP (TM10) Downlink ecomp New 4TX codebook Massive MIMO Figure 1. 3GPP evolution of multi-antenna solutions (TM = Transmission Mode). Based on the field deployments of multi-antennas, this white paper discusses site solutions, antennas and performance benefits. How antenna solutions will evolve further is also discussed. The inter-site interference coordination solutions CoMP and ecomp are discussed in more detail in the Nokia Smart Scheduler white paper. Page 3
4 Site solution A compact site solution is essential to make multi-antennas work in practice. The size of the antenna and the size and number of the RF units should be kept to a minimum. Typical cross-polarized multi-branch antennas are shown in Figure 2: the four-branch antenna uses two columns of cross-polarized antennas in the same radome as the eight-branch antenna, which comprises four columns. Co-polarized elements within a column are phased at RF to form the vertical elevation pattern needed to cover the sector. This approach helps to minimize the site space needed and means that the antennas could have remote electrical downtilt. Antenna size is a function of wavelength: the size of the antenna is smaller at higher frequencies. Therefore, a four-branch antenna is quite practical at a frequency of around 2 GHz and an eight-branch antenna at higher frequency bands. The relative size of the antennas in different frequency bands is shown in Figure 3. Multi-band antennas are commonly used today - such antennas often include two-branch at low frequencies and four-branch at higher frequencies. 2-branch antenna 4-branch antenna Figure 2. Typical multi-branch antenna solutions 8-branch antenna Page 4
5 26 cm 32 cm 2.3 m 40 cm 1.3 m 0.7 m 2-branch antenna at 1 GHz band 4-branch antenna at 2 GHz band 8-branch antenna at 3.5 GHz band Figure 3. Multi-branch antennas practical at high frequency bands Minimizing the size of the RF units also helps ensure a compact site solution. The most compact RF solution is the Nokia Flexi RF module, shown in Figure 4. This module delivers 6x60W output power in a form-factor of less than 25 liters. A single module can provide MIMO2x2 for a three-sector base station. The high power is beneficial for the coverage and indoor penetration, for both multi-radio and multi-carrier sharing. 6x60W in 25 liters Antennas RF module Flexi RF module Figure 4. Compact Nokia RF module site solutions Page 5
6 Base station 4TX4RX field performance An LTE MIMO2x2 network can be enhanced by using four-antenna base station transmission and reception (4TX4RX). All LTE terminals support a four antenna solution since the capability was defined in Release 8. This makes the fourantenna approach a simple upgrade to the network, even with large numbers of legacy devices. There is no need to change devices to benefit from the full gain. It is expected that 4TX4RX can improve user data rates, especially at the cell edge, by around 50% and average data rates by some 20% in the downlink and even more in the uplink. 4TX4RX can also extend the cell size and improve indoor penetration. The expected gains from 4TX4RX are summarized in Figure 5. Push average data rates +20% in downlink and +50% uplink Boost cell edge data rates +50% With legacy 2-antenna UEs Increase cell range up to 3 db Cell edge with 2TX2RX Cell edge with 4TX4RX Figure 5. Benefits of 4TX4RX, compared to 2TX2RX (simulations, using legacy devices with 2 antennas) We ll next illustrate 4TX4RX benefits based on field measurements. Figure 6 shows stationary measurements with MIMO2x2 open loop (TM3) and closed loop (TM4) and MIMO4x2 with closed loop. Upgrading from two transmit antennas to four antennas produces clear link-level throughput gain, particularly in situations with low to medium Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR). The total transmit power with four transmit antennas is 3 db higher, so the result includes both power and diversity gain. The SINR shown in the horizontal axis is the value measured by the device. An even more important benefit of four antennas is the possibility of employing 4-way maximum ratio combining (MRC) or interference rejection combining (IRC) in the uplink. The uplink link budget is usually the limiting factor in practical networks. Page 6
7 downlink throughput, Megabits per second Field measurement, stationary UE >50% gain in weak signal 20% gain in average signal UE-measured SINR, db Figure 6. Downlink MIMO4x2 measurements 2x2 tm3 2x2 tm4 4x2 tm4 The measured cell throughput values from a live network with 2TX2RX and with 4TX4RX are shown in Figure 7.The uplink cell throughput increases by 100%, which is a very promising result and in fact uplink improvements are the major reason for deploying 4TX4RX technology. The downlink cell throughput increases by 50%. In general, the downlink benefits consist of the multi-antenna transmission gain and the higher transmission power. In this case, the downlink power was doubled by using 4T4RX compared to 2TX2R. The downlink improvements are also beneficial since the 4RX antenna can also directly support 4TX. 16 Cell throughput in live network Mbps TX2RX 4TX4RX 0 Downlink Uplink Figure 7. 4TX4RX gains in live FDD network Page 7
8 Base station 8TX8RX field performance Eight-antenna (8TX) beamforming can use Transmission Mode 8 or 9. TM8 uses device measurements based on downlink Common Reference Signals (CRS) and base station measurements based on uplink Sounding Reference Signals (SRS). The drawback of the uplink SRS based solution for downlink beamforming is that only one transmit antenna is used in the uplink, while two receive antennas are used. This means the uplink does not provide full channel information for the downlink direction. TM9 brings further improvement on top of TM8 by using device-specific Demodulation Reference Signals (DM-RS) for the downlink measurements to generate feedback to the network. 8TX has been deployed in TD-LTE networks. The beamforming evolution in 3GPP is shown in Figure 8. An example set of drive test results are shown in Figure 9. These show that TM8 beamforming brings a clear benefit to user data rates compared to TM3. The peak rate does not increase and the data rate in the good signal areas also does not increase, while the average data rate and the cell edge data rate are improved considerably. TM9 offers a better performance than TM8, while the performance can also be enhanced with 4-antenna terminals. Using 4-antenna terminals instead of 2-antenna terminals, the benefit in cell capacity is expected to be 40-50% and % in the cell edge data rate. 3GPP Release 8 3GPP Release 9 3GPP Release 10 3GPP Release 11 TM7/TM3 TM8 SU- and MU-MIMO TM9 SU- and MU-MIMO TM10 CoMP TM3 CQI TM7 TM8 TM9 PMI1 PMI2 Figure 8. 3GPP Evolution for TD-LTE beamforming Page 8
9 1.25 PDCP Thr put DL (kb/s) CDF 0.5 TM3 TM TM3 Round0 TM3 Round1 TM3 Round2 TM3 Round3 TM8 Round0 TM8 Round1 TM8 Round2 TM8 Round3 Figure 9. 8TX Downlink gains in the field in TD-LTE The performance of downlink TD-LTE can be further enhanced with Nokia Intelligent Beamforming, in which the enodeb algorithms also consider intercell interference. Nokia Intelligent Beamforming not only tries to maximize the signal level, but also attempts to maximize the signal-to-interference ratio, leading to substantially higher data rates for users at the cell edge. One such algorithm is shown in Figure 10. Cell 1 2 Interference avoiding PRB Cell - 1 Cell - 2 Figure 10. Nokia Intelligent Beamforming for avoiding inter-cell interference Combining uplink 8RX with Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) is an attractive solution for increasing uplink cell throughput and coverage. Figure 11 shows that, in mobility tests, uplink MU-MIMO gains exceed 40%. Page 9
10 14 Uplink cell throughput Mbps MU-MIMO on MU-MIMO off 2 0 Figure 11. Over 40% uplink throughput gain with Multi-user MIMO Centralized RAN Uplink multi-antenna reception can also be extended beyond a single cell. In a Centralized RAN network, the data transmitted by a device is received by the antennas from multiple cells. While the basic concept is known as uplink CoMP, the Nokia Centralized RAN solution, as illustrated in Figure 12, allows the dynamic combination of uplink signals received by up to 12 antennas served by different base band units. The major benefit here is that uplink CoMP works with existing base station hardware and all existing LTE terminals. Fiber Heavy cell overlapping in open area RF Baseband Figure 12. Uplink CoMP implementation with Centralized RAN Page 10
11 Centralized RAN offers a major gain in uplink throughput and capacity by turning inter-cell interference into a useful signal. Interference is a major problem, particularly in open areas such as stadiums. The gain from Centralized RAN is illustrated in Figure 13. Live network deployments typically show an increase in uplink data rates and capacity of between 100 and 200%. The uplink improvements are important for mass events where people typically want to share pictures and videos and where networks are uplink limited. 120 Uplink throughput at stadium Mbps CRAN off CRAN on 0 Open loop power control Closed loop power control Figure 13. Uplink CoMP gains in live network with Centralized RAN (CRAN) 6-Sector solution Using a 6-sector solution instead of a conventional 3-sector solution can improve network capacity and coverage. The 6-sector configuration increases system capacity by minimizing the inter-cell interference and increases coverage through higher antenna gain. A 3-sector antenna typically has a 65 degree 3dB beam width, while a 6-sector antenna typically has a 35 degree beam width. Many Nokia networks have used 6 sectors, mainly for increasing network capacity in congested areas. The configurations are shown in Figure 14. Page 11
12 3 sectors Figure Sector and 6 sector configurations 6 sectors: less interference and more coverage The physical size of a 6-sector site solution can be minimized by using dual beam antennas where the single antenna creates two beams for two adjacent sectors. The complete 6-sector site solution with MIMO2x2 consists of three antennas, two Nokia RF modules and one system module, which is significantly more compact than traditional solutions. This is shown in Figure 15. Three dual beam antennas System module and two RF modules <75 kg Figure 15. Compact 6-sector site solution Nokia Smart Dual Beam solution makes it possible to take benefit of 6 sector solution also in GSM technology. Page 12
13 Further evolution of antenna solutions The evolution of Nokia RF technology makes it practical to integrate RF units and antennas together, as shown in Figure 16. Such integration means that the site solution becomes even more compact, minimizing the number of separate units required. Since most operators will soon run networks on up to five different frequency bands, integrated solutions must be capable of supporting this. Nokia s integrated solution is called Radio Antenna System (RAS). The next phase in the evolution is the Active Antenna System (AAS), where a large number of small RF units are distributed inside the antenna. Active antennas also enable flexible beamforming in the vertical plane, as shown in Figure 17. Nokia is the clear leader with active antenna implementations - live network testing has been completed in both 3G and in LTE networks with major operators, with gains exceeding 50%. 3GPP Release 13 brings even better support for active antennas with the introduction of the Massive MIMO (Full dimension MIMO or 3D MIMO) work item. Massive MIMO enables transmission using up to 64 antenna ports. With multiband site solutions, we also need to consider the identification and avoidance of Passive Intermodulation (PIM) effects, for example, in the case of shared 700 MHz and 800 MHz deployments. Nokia RF products can run PIM measurements remotely, determining the reasons for PIM and allowing any uplink desensitization to be avoided. Nokia also supports frequency domain interference avoidance using the Smart Scheduler and Nokia will also develop an active PIM cancellation solution. Nokia Flexi Radio Antenna System (RAS) Nokia Flexi Active Antenna System (AAS) Figure 16. Nokia integrated antenna solutions Page 13
14 Figure 17. Vertical beamforming with active antennas Summary Base station multi-antenna solutions enhance network capacity and coverage and offer higher data rates while continuing to use legacy two-antenna devices. The 4TX4RX solution is already widely deployed in commercial FDD and TDD networks, with 8TX8RX in use in TDD networks. 4TX4RX antennas at 2 GHz band and 8TX8RX at higher bands are quite compact and well suited to urban deployments. 4TX4RX can also be used in bands below 1 GHz, particularly in rural towers where larger antennas are allowed. Field results indicate major gains from 4TX4RX and 8TX8RX, particularly in cell edge performance in the downlink, with even greater gains in the uplink. Nokia s TD-LTE Intelligent Beamforming algorithm further improves the benefits of 8TX solutions. Four-antenna devices can enhance the network s average throughputs and capacity, and also increase the peak data rate with MIMO4x4. Nokia Flexi base station offers a smooth evolution based on software upgrades to support MIMO4x4 in the downlink. The reception of uplink multi-antennas can be extended to several cells with the Nokia Centralized RAN solution. This has proven very powerful in increasing uplink capacity during mass events held at stadiums and at similar gatherings. Nokia Centralized RAN works with any terminals and with current base station hardware. Page 14
15 Further reading Nokia Centralized RAN summary Nokia Centralized RAN press release Nokia TD-LTE Intelligent Beamforming Nokia High Performance 6-sector Site white paper Nokia Active Antenna System white paper Nokia Flexi Multiradio 10 base station Nokia Smart Scheduler white paper Nokia Liquid Radio Software Suites summary Page 15
16 Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or trade names of their respective owners. Nokia Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy P.O. Box 1 FI Finland Visiting address: Karaportti 3, ESPOO, Finland Switchboard Product code C WP EN Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015
LTE-Advanced Carrier Aggregation Optimization
Nokia Networks LTE-Advanced Carrier Aggregation Optimization Nokia Networks white paper LTE-Advanced Carrier Aggregation Optimization Contents Introduction 3 Carrier Aggregation in live networks 4 Multi-band
More informationNSN White paper February 2014. Nokia Solutions and Networks Smart Scheduler
NSN White paper February 2014 Nokia Solutions and Networks Smart Scheduler CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. Smart Scheduler Features and Benefits 4 3. Smart Scheduler wit Explicit Multi-Cell Coordination
More informationEvolution in Mobile Radio Networks
Evolution in Mobile Radio Networks Multiple Antenna Systems & Flexible Networks InfoWare 2013, July 24, 2013 1 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013 The thirst for mobile data will continue to grow exponentially
More informationWhat is going on in Mobile Broadband Networks?
Nokia Networks What is going on in Mobile Broadband Networks? Smartphone Traffic Analysis and Solutions White Paper Nokia Networks white paper What is going on in Mobile Broadband Networks? Contents Executive
More informationCooperative Techniques in LTE- Advanced Networks. Md Shamsul Alam
Cooperative Techniques in LTE- Advanced Networks Md Shamsul Alam Person-to-person communications Rich voice Video telephony, video conferencing SMS/MMS Content delivery Mobile TV High quality video streaming
More informationEfficient resource utilization improves the customer experience
White paper Efficient resource utilization improves the customer experience Multiflow, aggregation and multi band load balancing for Long Term HSPA Evolution Executive summary Contents 2. Executive summary
More informationWhite paper. Mobile broadband with HSPA and LTE capacity and cost aspects
White paper Mobile broadband with HSPA and LTE capacity and cost aspects Contents 3 Radio capacity of mobile broadband 7 The cost of mobile broadband capacity 10 Summary 11 Abbreviations The latest generation
More informationBase station antenna selection for LTE networks
Base station antenna selection for LTE networks Ivy Y. Kelly, Ph.D. Technology Development Strategist, Sprint Martin Zimmerman, Ph.D. Base Station Antenna Engineering Director, CommScope Ray Butler, MSEE
More informationNokia Siemens Networks LTE 1800 MHz Introducing LTE with maximum reuse of GSM assets
Nokia Siemens Networks LTE 1800 MHz Introducing LTE with maximum reuse of GSM assets White paper Table of contents 1. Overview... 3 2. 1800 MHz spectrum... 3 3. Traffic Migration... 5 4. Deploying LTE-GSM
More informationThe future of mobile networking. David Kessens <david.kessens@nsn.com>
The future of mobile networking David Kessens Introduction Current technologies Some real world measurements LTE New wireless technologies Conclusion 2 The future of mobile networking
More informationDimensioning, configuration and deployment of Radio Access Networks. part 5: HSPA and LTE HSDPA. Shared Channel Transmission
HSDPA Dimensioning, configuration and deployment of Radio Access Networks. part 5: HSPA and LTE Enhanced Support for Downlink Packet Data Higher Capacity Higher Peak data rates Lower round trip delay Part
More informationWhat is 802.11? Why are standards important?
What is 802.11? The 802.11 standards are a group of evolving specifications defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). Commonly referred to as Wi Fi the 802.11 standards define
More informationVoice services over Adaptive Multi-user Orthogonal Sub channels An Insight
TEC Voice services over Adaptive Multi-user Orthogonal Sub channels An Insight HP 4/15/2013 A powerful software upgrade leverages quaternary modulation and MIMO techniques to improve network efficiency
More informationTechnical and economical assessment of selected LTE-A schemes.
Technical and economical assessment of selected LTE-A schemes. Heinz Droste,, Darmstadt Project Field Intelligent Wireless Technologies & Networks 1 Mobile Networks enabler for connected life & work. Textbox
More informationInterference in LTE Small Cells:
Interference in LTE Small Cells: Status, Solutions, Perspectives. Forum on small cells, 2012, December. IEEE Globecom 2012 Presenter: Dr Guillaume de la Roche Mindspeed France 1 Mindspeed: Short history
More informationEvolution of the Air Interface From 2G Through 4G and Beyond
Evolution of the Air Interface From 2G Through 4G and Beyond Presentation to IEEE Ottawa Section / Alliance of IEEE Consultants Network (AICN) - 2nd May 2012 Frank Rayal BLiNQ Networks/ Telesystem Innovations
More informationBringing Mobile Broadband to Rural Areas. Ulrich Rehfuess Head of Spectrum Policy and Regulation Nokia Siemens Networks
Bringing Mobile Broadband to Rural Areas Ulrich Rehfuess Head of Spectrum Policy and Regulation Nokia Siemens Networks Agenda Drivers in Mobile Broadband Why LTE? Market Status, Networks and Devices Implementation
More informationLTE-Advanced UE Capabilities - 450 Mbps and Beyond!
LTE-Advanced UE Capabilities - 450 Mbps and Beyond! Eiko Seidel, Chief Technical Officer NoMoR Research GmbH, Munich, Germany March, 2014 Summary LTE networks get more mature and new terminals of different
More informationCustomer Training Catalog Training Programs WCDMA RNP&RNO Technical Training
Customer Training Catalog Training Programs Customer Training Catalog Training Programs WCDMA RNP&RNO Technical Training HUAWEI Learning Service 2015 COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE 1 Customer Training Catalog
More informationCloud RAN. ericsson White paper Uen 284 23-3271 September 2015
ericsson White paper Uen 284 23-3271 September 2015 Cloud RAN the benefits of virtualization, centralization and coordination Mobile networks are evolving quickly in terms of coverage, capacity and new
More informationInterference Management: From Autonomous to Closely Coordinated Approaches
Technische Universität München Lehrstuhl für Kommunikationsnetze Prof. Dr.-Ing. J. Eberspächer VDE/ITG Fachgruppe 5.2.4 Workshop Darmstadt 2010 Interference Management and Cooperation Strategies in Communication
More informationSpecial Articles on PREMIUM 4G Introduction of LTE Advanced. Centralized Radio Access Network (Advanced
High-density BDE SRE Small Cell Antenna Special Articles on PREMIUM 4G Introduction of LTE Advanced NTT DOCOMO began providing LTE-Advanced mobile communication services under the name PREMIUM 4G TM *
More informationInter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) Technology
Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) Technology Dai Kimura Hiroyuki Seki Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a promising standard for next-generation cellular systems targeted to have a peak downlink bit
More informationMaximizing Throughput and Coverage for Wi Fi and Cellular
Maximizing Throughput and Coverage for Wi Fi and Cellular A White Paper Prepared by Sebastian Rowson, Ph.D. Chief Scientist, Ethertronics, Inc. www.ethertronics.com March 2012 Introduction Ask consumers
More informationCharacteristics of terrestrial IMT-Advanced systems for frequency sharing/ interference analyses
Report ITU-R M.2292-0 (12/2013) Characteristics of terrestrial IMT-Advanced systems for frequency sharing/ interference analyses M Series Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services
More informationLTE PHY Fundamentals Roger Piqueras Jover
LTE PHY Fundamentals Roger Piqueras Jover DL Physical Channels - DL-SCH: The DownLink Shared CHannel is a channel used to transport down-link user data or Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, as well
More informationLTE Evolution for Cellular IoT Ericsson & NSN
LTE Evolution for Cellular IoT Ericsson & NSN LTE Evolution for Cellular IoT Overview and introduction White Paper on M2M is geared towards low cost M2M applications Utility (electricity/gas/water) metering
More informationBusiness aware traffic steering
Nokia Networks Business aware traffic steering Nokia Networks white paper Business aware traffic steering Contents 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Static load or QoS-based traffic steering alone is no longer
More informationMIMO Antenna Systems in WinProp
MIMO Antenna Systems in WinProp AWE Communications GmbH Otto-Lilienthal-Str. 36 D-71034 Böblingen mail@awe-communications.com Issue Date Changes V1.0 Nov. 2010 First version of document V2.0 Feb. 2011
More information1 Introduction 1 1.1 Services and Applications for HSPA 3 1.2 Organization of the Book 6 References 7
Figures and Tables About the Authors Preface Foreword Acknowledgements xi xix xxi xxiii xxv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Services and Applications for HSPA 3 1.2 Organization of the Book 6 References 7 2 Overview
More informationHeterogeneous LTE Networks and Inter-Cell Interference Coordination
Heterogeneous LTE Networks and Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Volker Pauli, Juan Diego Naranjo, Eiko Seidel Nomor Research GmbH, Munich, Germany December, 2010 Summary Initial deployments of LTE
More informationAn Interference Avoiding Wireless Network Architecture for Coexistence of CDMA 2000 1x EVDO and LTE Systems
ICWMC 211 : The Seventh International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications An Interference Avoiding Wireless Network Architecture for Coexistence of CDMA 2 1x EVDO and LTE Systems Xinsheng
More information2020: Beyond 4G Radio Evolution for the Gigabit Experience. White paper
2020: Beyond 4G Radio Evolution for the Gigabit Experience White paper Executive summary Contents 3 Mobile networks face a decade of change 4 Continued global effort will be vital 5 State of the art LTE-Advanced
More informationAirHarmony 4000. Outdoor LTE-Advanced Mini-Macro Base Station
AirHarmony 4000 Outdoor LTE-Advanced Mini-Macro Base Station Multi-Function, Compact and Versatile Redefining the economics of LTE-Advanced Heterogeneous Deployment a leading LTE Small and Compact RAN
More informationJim Seymour, Ph.D. Principal Engineer Mobility CTO Group Cisco Systems Inc. August 2015. 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Jim Seymour, Ph.D. Principal Engineer Mobility CTO Group Cisco Systems Inc. August 215 1 Outline Global Mobile Data Growth Trends (Cisco VNI data) Studies of Real-Time, Delay Sensitive Video over LTE Global
More informationCOMPATIBILITY STUDY FOR UMTS OPERATING WITHIN THE GSM 900 AND GSM 1800 FREQUENCY BANDS
Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) COMPATIBILITY STUDY FOR UMTS OPERATING WITHIN THE GSM 900 AND GSM 1800 FREQUENCY
More informationwww.ovum.com LTE450 Julian Bright, Senior Analyst Julian.bright@ovum.com LTE450 Global Seminar 2014 Copyright Ovum 2014. All rights reserved.
www.ovum.com LTE450 Julian Bright, Senior Analyst Julian.bright@ovum.com LTE450 Global Seminar 2014 We are integrating 2 complementary ITM businesses Telecoms & IT Research Telecoms & Media Research 60+
More informationKathrein-Werke KG Rosenheim PO Box 10 04 44 Phone:+ 49 (0)8031 184-0 Fax: +49 (0)8031 184 991. antennas.mobilcom@kathrein. de www.kathrein.
Base-Station-Antennas for optimized Mobile Communication Networks Norbert Ephan, Roland Gabriel KATHREIN-Werke KG, Postfach 100 444, 83004 Rosenheim, Germany Kathrein-Werke KG Rosenheim PO Box 10 04 44
More informationData Transfer Rate Comparison
LTE Broadband and Public Safety David Fein, Project Manager November 2011 Executive Overview Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a relatively new standard for wireless communications, adopted by commercial and
More informationOmni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna
Omni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna Document ID: 82068 Contents Introduction Prerequisites Requirements Components Used Conventions Basic Definitions and Antenna Concepts Indoor Effects Omni Antenna Pros
More informationMobile broadband for all
ericsson White paper Uen 284 23-3195 Rev B March 2015 Mobile broadband for all optimizing radio technologies As operators roll out LTE 4G networks, WCDMA/HSPA 3G technology is rapidly shifting from the
More informationINTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA
COMM.ENG INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION MEDIA 9/6/2014 LECTURES 1 Objectives To give a background on Communication system components and channels (media) A distinction between analogue
More informationIEEE802.11ac: The Next Evolution of Wi-Fi TM Standards
QUALCOMM, Incorporated May 2012 QUALCOMM is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM Incorporated in the United States and may be registered in other Countries. Other product and brand names may be trademarks
More informationThe road and the buildings on each side of the road can
Alternative RF Planning Solutions for Coverage Deficiency Aleksey A. Kurochkin aakuroch@bechtel.com Issue Date: December 2002 INTRODUCTION This paper introduces a few of the more common alternatives to
More informationGSM VOICE CAPACITY EVOLUTION WITH VAMOS Strategic White Paper
GSM VOICE CAPACITY EVOLUTION WITH VAMOS Strategic White Paper Table of contents VAMOS increases your GSM voice capacity at minimum investment / 1 Take the full benefit of VAMOS / 1 Standard aspects / 1
More informationHow To Improve Data Speeds On A Mobile Phone In Australia
IMPROVING MOBILE INTERNET SPEEDS Introduction The purpose of this guide is to educate consumers on ways to improve their mobile internet speeds and offer an insight into how the mobile networks operate
More informationTesting Gateway LTE Performance
Testing Gateway LTE Performance Introduction A common task when selecting an LTE gateway is evaluation of live mobile network performance. Most users will be interested in two key performance areas: 1.
More informationHSPA+ and LTE Test Challenges for Multiformat UE Developers
HSPA+ and LTE Test Challenges for Multiformat UE Developers Presented by: Jodi Zellmer, Agilent Technologies Agenda Introduction FDD Technology Evolution Technology Overview Market Overview The Future
More informationThe Evolution of Wireless Networks for the Internet of Things
The Evolution of Wireless Networks for the Internet of Things NSF Wireless Cities Workshop Presenter: Phil Fleming Mobile Networks Senior Technology Advisor Nokia Networks Arlington Hts., IL 1 Nokia Networks
More informationLTE UE RF measurements An introduction and overview
An introduction and overview February 2010 Andreas Roessler Andreas.Roessler@rohde-schwarz.com Technology Manager North America Rohde & Schwarz, Germany Guenter Pfeifer Guenter.Pfeifer@rohde-schwarz.com
More informationWireless Technologies for the 450 MHz band
Wireless Technologies for the 450 MHz band By CDG 450 Connectivity Special Interest Group (450 SIG) September 2013 1. Introduction Fast uptake of Machine- to Machine (M2M) applications and an installed
More informationCDMA Network Planning
CDMA Network Planning by AWE Communications GmbH www.awe-com.com Contents Motivation Overview Network Planning Module Air Interface Cell Load Interference Network Simulation Simulation Results by AWE Communications
More informationGet the best performance from your LTE Network with MOBIPASS
Get the best performance from your LTE Network with MOBIPASS The most powerful, user friendly and scalable enodeb test tools family for Network Equipement Manufacturers and Mobile Network Operators Network
More informationLTE BACKHAUL REQUIREMENTS: A REALITY CHECK
By: Peter Croy, Sr. Network Architect, Aviat Networks INTRODUCTION LTE mobile broadband technology is now being launched across the world with more than 140 service providers committed to implement it
More informationLTE in Unlicensed Spectrum: European Regulation and Co-existence Considerations
3GPP workshop on LTE in unlicensed spectrum Sophia Antipolis, France, June 13, 2014 RWS-140002 LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum: European Regulation and Co-existence Considerations Sari Nielsen & Antti Toskala
More informationAir4Gs. Small Package, Big Performance. Extremely compact, cost-optimized wireless base station solution
Air4Gs Small Package, Big Performance Extremely compact, cost-optimized wireless base station solution Air4Gs All-in-one, all-outdoor, compact, cost-optimized solution. High Performance Micro Base Station
More informationLTE Performance and Analysis using Atoll Simulation
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-issn: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 9, Issue 6 Ver. III (Nov Dec. 2014), PP 68-72 LTE Performance and Analysis using Atoll Simulation
More informationA Comparison of LTE Advanced HetNets and Wi-Fi
Qualcomm Incorporated October 2011 QUALCOMM is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM Incorporated in the United States and may be registered in other countries. Other product and brand names may be trademarks
More informationCloud-based Wireless LAN for Enterprise, SMB, IT Service Providers and Carriers. Product Highlights. Relay2 Enterprise Access Point RA100 Datasheet
Cloud-based Wireless LAN for Enterprise, SMB, IT Service Providers and Carriers The Relay2 Smart Access Point (RA100) is an enterprise-class access point designed for deployment in high-density environments
More informationThe cost and performance benefits of 80 GHz links compared to short-haul 18-38 GHz licensed frequency band products
The cost and performance benefits of 80 GHz links compared to short-haul 18-38 GHz licensed frequency band products Page 1 of 9 Introduction As service providers and private network operators seek cost
More informationApp coverage. ericsson White paper Uen 284 23-3212 Rev B August 2015
ericsson White paper Uen 284 23-3212 Rev B August 2015 App coverage effectively relating network performance to user experience Mobile broadband networks, smart devices and apps bring significant benefits
More informationEvolution of Satellite Communication Systems
Mathieu DERVIN Brussels, 6th May 2015 Brussels, May 2015 Agenda I. From Sputnik to wideband satellite services: The key technological evolutions II. Increase the satellite system capacity: A global system
More informationNokia Networks. FutureWorks. LTE-M Optimizing LTE for the Internet of Things. White Paper. Nokia Networks white paper
Nokia Networks FutureWorks LTE-M Optimizing LTE for the Internet of Things White Paper Nokia Networks white paper LTE-M Optimizing LTE for the Internet of Things Contents Executive Summary 3 IoT Market
More informationSolution for cell edge performance improvement and dynamic load balancing. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
HSPA+ Multiflow Solution for cell edge performance improvement and dynamic load balancing Feburary 1, 2014 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Not to be used, copied, reproduced, or modified in whole or in part,
More informationFPGAs in Next Generation Wireless Networks
FPGAs in Next Generation Wireless Networks March 2010 Lattice Semiconductor 5555 Northeast Moore Ct. Hillsboro, Oregon 97124 USA Telephone: (503) 268-8000 www.latticesemi.com 1 FPGAs in Next Generation
More informationHow To Steer A Cell Phone On A Network On A Cell Network On An Lteo Cell Phone (Lteo) On A 4G Network On Ltea (Cell Phone) On An Ipad Or Ipad (Cellphone)
Nokia Siemens Networks Load balancing mobile broadband traffic in LTE HetNets The application of traffic steering methods 2/24 Table of contents 1. Executive summary... 3 2. Introduction... 4 2.1 Traffic
More informationPlanning for 802.11ac Adoption with Ekahau Site Survey 6.0
Planning for 802.11ac Adoption with Ekahau Site Survey 6.0 1 P a g e w w w. e k a h a u. c o m / e s s Introduction to 802.11ac The emerging next generation Wi-Fi standard IEEE 802.11ac aims to break the
More informationMobile Broadband of Deutsche Telekom AG LTE to cover White Spaces. Karl-Heinz Laudan Deutsche Telekom AG 16 June 2011
Mobile Broadband of Deutsche Telekom AG LTE to cover White Spaces Karl-Heinz Laudan Deutsche Telekom AG 16 June 2011 Spectrum is the basis for any mobile radio communication service Satellites (1,5 2,2
More informationFibeAir I500R High Capacity Wireless Network Solution
FibeAir I500R High Capacity Wireless Network Solution FibeAir 1500R is a versatile point-to-point microwave radio optimized for SONET/SDH networks, with the most comprehensive combination of advanced features
More informationSeminario AGCOM LTE per il mobile broadband: tecnologia, regolamentazione, ecosistema e mercato Roma, 24 Febbraio 2012. PARTE II: Tecnologia LTE
Security Level: Seminario AGCOM LTE per il mobile broadband: tecnologia, regolamentazione, ecosistema e mercato Roma, 24 Febbraio 2012 PARTE II: Tecnologia LTE www.huawei.com Fabio Moresi Country Marketing
More informationDistributed Antenna Systems and MIMO Technology
With the explosive growth in wireless usage due in part to smart phones, tablet computers and a growing applications developer base, wireless operators are constantly looking for ways to increase the spectral
More informationBSA Technical Information
BSA Technical Information Electrical Isolation of Co-Located Horizontally and Vertically Stacked Antennas Introduction: Service providers are facing rapidly increasing pressure from zoning boards to co-locate
More informationDelivering 4x4 MIMO for LTE Mobile Devices. March 2014. SkyCross Dual imat 4x4 MIMO Technology for LTE. Introduction
Delivering 4x4 MIMO for LTE Mobile Devices SkyCross Dual imat 4x4 MIMO Technology for LTE March 2014 Introduction With the rise of low-cost smartphones on the horizon, creating differentiation by leveraging
More informationNokia Networks. Voice over LTE (VoLTE) Optimization
Nokia Networks Voice over LTE (VoLTE) Optimization Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. VoIP Client Options 5 3. Radio Network Optimization 6 4. Voice Quality Optimization 11 5. Handset Power Consumption Optimization
More information4G LTE Opportunities & Challenges in DTT arena
4G LTE Opportunities & Challenges in DTT arena DigiTAG Workshop Istanbul 14-15 November 2013 Stan Baaijens, CEO Funke 1 Why 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) The unrelenting growth of smartphone and tablet
More information3GPP & unlicensed spectrum
IEEE 802 Interim Session Atlanta, USA Jan 11-16, 2015 doc.: IEEE 802.19-15/0008r0 3GPP & unlicensed spectrum Dino Flore Chairman of 3GPP TSG-RAN (Qualcomm Technologies Inc.) 3GPP 2013 3GPP & unlicensed
More informationRethinking energy performance. Increase App Coverage, lower energy
Rethinking energy performance Increase App Coverage, lower energy February 2015 RETHINKING ENERGY PERFORMANCE Technology is developing faster than ever, and with demands pulling at operators from all directions,
More informationProposal for Candidate Radio Interface Technologies for IMT-Advanced Based on LTE Release 10 and Beyond (LTE-Advanced)
3GPP IMT-Advanced Evaluation Workshop Beijing, China, 17-18 December, 2009 Proposal for Candidate Radio Interface Technologies for IMT-Advanced Based on LTE Release 10 and Beyond (LTE-Advanced) Takehiro
More informationRF Safety Compliance and Duty Cycle for OpenWay CENTRON 4G-LTE Meters December 2015
RF Safety Compliance and Duty Cycle for OpenWay CENTRON 4G-LTE Meters December 2015 WHITE PAPER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As a world-leading technology and services company that manufactures products that utilize
More informationFIBRE TO THE BTS IMPROVING NETWORK FLEXIBILITY & ENERGY EFFICIENCY
FIBRE TO THE BTS IMPROVING NETWORK FLEXIBILITY & ENERGY EFFICIENCY (Study Paper by FLA Division) Ram Krishna Dy. Director General (FLA) TEC New Delhi, DoT, Govt. of India. E-mail: ddgfla.tec@gov.in Mrs.
More informationWireless Broadband Access
Wireless Broadband Access (Brought to you by RMRoberts.com) Mobile wireless broadband is a term used to describe wireless connections based on mobile phone technology. Broadband is an electronics term
More informationTraining Proposal for WCDMA Product Technical Training Project
Training Proposal Training Proposal for WCDMA Product Technical Training Project HUAWEI Learning Service 2014 COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE 1 Training Proposal CONTENTS 1 Training Solution... 4 1.1 Background
More informationVoIP-Kapazität im Relay erweiterten IEEE 802.16 System
VoIP-Kapazität im Relay erweiterten IEEE 802.16 System 21. ComNets-Workshop Mobil- und Telekommunikation Dipl.-Ing. Karsten Klagges ComNets Research Group RWTH Aachen University 16. März 2012 Karsten Klagges
More informationAvaya WLAN 9100 External Antennas for use with the WAO-9122 Access Point
Avaya WLAN 9100 External Antennas for use with the WAO-9122 Access Point Overview To optimize the overall performance of a WLAN in an outdoor deployment it is important to understand how to maximize coverage
More informationAn Algorithm for Automatic Base Station Placement in Cellular Network Deployment
An Algorithm for Automatic Base Station Placement in Cellular Network Deployment István Törős and Péter Fazekas High Speed Networks Laboratory Dept. of Telecommunications, Budapest University of Technology
More informationCarrier-Grade. Wi-Fi Solutions. Wi-Fi Solutions
Carrier-Grade Wi-Fi Solutions Wi-Fi Solutions Alvarion s Carrier-Grade Wi-Fi Solutions Today, with the widespread adoption of smartphones, iphones, ipads and the like, users expect reliable Wi-Fi services
More information800 10766 700 MHz Dual Band 8', 65 Degree Antenna RET
8 766 7 MHz Dual Band 8', 65 Degree Antenna RET X-polarized (+45 and -45 ). UV resistant fiberglass radomes. Wideband vector dipole technology. DC Grounded metallic parts for impulse suppression. RET motor
More informationComparing WiMAX and HSPA+ White Paper
Comparing WiMAX and HSPA+ White Paper Introduction HSPA+ or HSPA Evolved is the next step in the 3GPP evolution. With 3GPP Rel-7 and Rel-8, several new features are added to this 3G WCDMA technology,
More informationImproving GSM Cellular Network Performance and Reducing Cost with Broadcom s M-Stream Technology
White Paper Improving GSM Cellular Network Performance and Reducing Cost with Broadcom s M-Stream Technology This white paper introduces M-Stream high-performance modem technology from Broadcom. M-Stream
More informationLTE-Advanced in White Space A Complementary Technology
White Paper December 2011 LTE-Advanced in White Space A Complementary Technology By: Purnima Surampudi, Lead Engineer and Sony Mohanty, Engineer Overview Long Term Evolution (LTE), the leading candidate
More informationLTE Mobility Enhancements
Qualcomm Incorporated February 2010 Table of Contents [1] Introduction... 1 [2] LTE Release 8 Handover Procedures... 2 2.1 Backward Handover... 2 2.2 RLF Handover... 3 2.3 NAS Recovery... 5 [3] LTE Forward
More informationDimensioning of WCDMA radio network subsystem for determining optimal configurations
Dimensioning of WCDMA radio network subsystem for determining optimal configurations Master s Thesis, Jarno Toivonen Nokia Networks Supervisor: Prof. Sven-Gustav Häggman 1 NOKIA Config_dim_in_WCDMA_RNS.ppt
More information3GPP Wireless Standard
3GPP Wireless Standard Shishir Pandey School of Technology and Computer Science TIFR, Mumbai April 10, 2009 Shishir Pandey (TIFR) 3GPP Wireless Standard April 10, 2009 1 / 23 3GPP Overview 3GPP : 3rd Generation
More informationDeployment of UMTS in 900 MHz band
FORUM WHITE PAPER Deployment of in MHz band 1. Introduction IMT-2000/ service was launched in the core band (1920-1980 MHz/2110-2170 MHz) during the year 2001, and by mid-2006 there are more than 75 million
More informationHUAWEI Enterprise AP Series 802.11ac Brochure
Enterprise AP Series 802.11ac Brochure 01 Enterprise AP Series 802.11ac Brochure 1 Overview Release of 802.11ac standards has driven wireless technologies to the era of GE Wi-Fi. Enterprise Wi-Fi networks
More informationMobile backhaul market: Phase 1 report
. Report for Vodafone Mobile backhaul market: Phase 1 report 27 February 2014 Dr James Allen, Dr Franck Chevalier, Burcu Bora Ref: 39013-86 Mobile backhaul market: Phase 1 report 1 Contents 1 Introduction
More informationA Network Simulation Tool to Generate User Traffic and Analyze Quality of Experience for Hybrid Access Architecture
A Network Simulation Tool to Generate User Traffic and Analyze Quality of Experience for Hybrid Access Architecture Oscar D. Ramos-Cantor, Technische Universität Darmstadt, oscar.ramos@nt.tu-darmstadt.de,
More informationHSPA, LTE and beyond. HSPA going strong. PRESS INFORMATION February 11, 2011
HSPA, LTE and beyond The online multimedia world made possible by mobile broadband has changed people s perceptions of data speeds and network service quality. Regardless of where they are, consumers no
More informationDefining the Smart Grid WAN
Defining the Smart Grid WAN WHITE PAPER Trilliant helps leading utilities and energy retailers achieve their smart grid visions through the Trilliant Communications Platform, the only communications platform
More information