TRENDS AND POLICIES. Trends in child mortality. Trends in maternal mortality. Trends in maternal indicators
|
|
- Cuthbert Gaines
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles Cambodia Cambodia has achieved MDG 4 and is on track to achieve MDG 5. The annual rate of reduction in the under-5 mortality rate was 4.8 between 1990 and This impressive progress, unfortunately, has not benefitted all women and children equally eluding those living in rural areas, the poor and the very young (newborns in their first 28 days of life). Improving the quality of antenatal care and addressing the geographical and financial barriers to institutional delivery would make a massive difference in maternal and child health across all strata of the country. TRENDS AND POLICIES Deaths per 100,000 live births Under-5 mortality rate Trends in child mortality MDG target * 50 Infant mortality rate 38 Trends in maternal mortality MDG target Maternal mortality ratio *MDG target achieved in Neonatal mortality rate National health policies and services Availability Per capita expenditure on health 45 (US$), Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of private 64.3 expenditure on health), Specific notification of maternal deaths Midwifery personnel authorized to administer core set of lifesaving interventions Costed national implementation plans for maternal, newborn and child health available Number of basic emergency obstetric and newborn care facilities Sources: Confirmed by UNICEF Cambodia Country Office unless specified; 1 World Health Organization National Health Account database 2012 (retrieved from org); 2 As of November Yes 3,678 midwives deployed Yes 41 2 Facilities per 1,000 births 3 Community treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics Oral rehydration solution and zinc for management of diarrhoea No Yes Trends in maternal indicators DHS 2005 DHS 2010 Per cent (%) Contraceptive prevalence rate (met need) Unmet family planning need Women married before age Adolescent birth rate Sources for figures: Trends in child mortality: 1990 and 2010 child data from UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, Levels & Trends in Child Mortality, 2011; 2015 targets from WHO/UNICEF Countdown to 2015 Cambodia Country Profile, 2012 and Cambodia MDG report, 2010 for IMR. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 and 2010 from WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA/The World Bank, Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2010, 2012; 2015 targets from WHO/UNICEF, Countdown to 2015 Cambodia Country Profile, 2012 Trends in maternal indicators: Cambodia DHS 2005 and Notes: Contraceptive prevalence rate proportion of currently married women age who were using some method of family planning at the time of the survey; unmet family planning need: % of women with an unmet need for family planning (spacing or limiting); adolescent birth rate: annual number of births among women aged per 1,000 women in the age group. Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia 1
2 Indicators of quality of care Antenatal care Intrapartum/delivery Postnatal care Per cent (%) ANC1+ ANC4+ BP measured* Blood sample* Urine sample* SBA Inst. delivery C-section BF (excl.) PNC within 2 days PNC within 4 days Birth reg. Source: Cambodia DHS Notes: ANC1+: % of women who received 1 ANC visit; ANC4+: at 4 ANC visits; *% of ANC visit that included measuring blood pressure (BP) and collecting blood and urine samples; SBA: % of births delivered by a skilled birth attendant (doctor, nurse, midwife); inst. delivery: % of births delivered at a health facility; C-section: % of births delivered by caesarean section; BF (excl.): % of children younger than 6 months who were exclusively breastfed; PNC within 2 days: % of women who received a postnatal check-up within 2 days of delivery (calculated by adding the sum of the % of women who received PNC within less than 4 hours, 4 23 hours and within 2 days of delivery and mentioned in the DHS); birth reg.: % of children younger than 5 years whose birth was registered with the State. Availability of national policies 1 for high-impact interventions shown to improve neonatal survival throughout the continuum of care 2 Preconception Antenatal Intrapartum Postnatal - Iron and Folic acid supplmentation - Tetanus toxoid immunization - Syphilis screening and treatment - Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia prevention and care - Presumptive malaria treatment - Detection and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria - Skilled maternal and neonatal care - Emergency obstetric care - Antibiotics for PROM - Steroids for preterm labour - C-section - PMTCT - Labour surveillance - Clean delivery practices - Resuscitation of newborn baby - Breastfeeding - Prevention and management of hypothermia - Kangaroo mother care - Community-based diarrhoea management - Emergency neonatal care Legend: green: national policies address these interventions; red: no clear national guidelines for these interventions. Sources: 1 The interventions were addressed in the Kingdom of Cambodia National Strategy for Reproductive and Sexual Health in Cambodia ; 2 Darmstadt et al., Notes: PROM: Premature rupture of membranes; emergency obstetric care: management of complications-obstructed labour, haemorrhage, hypertension, infection; C-section: caesarean section (detection and management of breech); PMTCT: prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); labour surveillance (including partograph) for early diagnosis of complications); kangaroo mother care (care for low birth weight infants in health facilities); emergency neonatal care: management of serious illness (infections, asphyxia, prematurity, jaundice). Reference: Darmstadt, G.L. et al., Evidence-Based, Cost-Effective Interventions: How many newborn babies can we save? The Lancet, 2005: 365 (9463). 2 Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia
3 READINESS FOR NATIONAL SCALING UP OF NEWBORN CARE Agenda setting - National needs assessment for newborn care conducted - Local evidence generated for newborn survival - Existence of a convening mechanism for newborn health issues - Focal person for newborn health in Ministry of Health - Maternal and newborn indicators included in national surveys (e.g. neonatal mortality rate) Policy formulation - National newborn policy endorsed - Newborn policy integrated into other health policies or strategies - Essential drug list includes injectable antibiotics for primary level care - Midwives authorized to perform neonatal resuscitation (at all levels) - Primary-level cadres authorized to perform neonatal resuscitation - Primary-level cadres authorized to administer injectable antibiotics for newborn infections - Maternal and newborn indicators included in national health information systems - Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child expenditure per child younger than 5 years and per woman aged National targets to track newborn health established Policy implementation - Cadre identified for home-based newborn care (Village Health Support Volunteers) - In-service newborn care training materials for community-based cadres - In-service newborn care training materials for facility-based cadres (part of integrated postpartum care training module) - Pre-service newborn care education for facility-based cadres - Pre-service newborn care education for community-based cadres - Resource requirement for primary health care level available for newborns - Resource requirement for secondarylevel health care available for newborns - Protocol or standard for district hospital care of sick newborns in place Agenda setting - Local evidence disseminated for newborn survival (partial) Policy formulation - National behaviour change communication strategy (partial; only covers newborn pneumonia) - Community-based cadres authorized to administer injectable antibiotics for newborn infections - Community-based cadres authorized to perform neonatal resuscitation - Costed implementation plan for maternal, newborn and child health (in process) Policy implementation - Supervision system for maternal, newborn and child health established at primary health centre level (partially functioning) - Integrated management of childhood illness algorithm adapted to include the first week of life - Resource requirement for scaling up home-based newborn care available (partial) - System for perinatal death audits exists - System for neonatal death audits exists (under development) Legend: green: benchmark met; red: benchmark not met/partially met. Source: Moran, A.C. et al., Availability of benchmarks as per the UNICEF Cambodia Country Office. Reference: Moran, A.C. et al., Benchmarks to Measure Readiness to Integrate and Scale Up Newborn Survival Interventions, Health Policy Planning, 2012: 27 (iii29-iii39). Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia 3
4 CONTINUING INEQUITIES: Indicators by residence, wealth quintiles and provinces Disparities by residence Disparities by residence U5MR IMR NMR Urine sample BP measured Blood sample Disparities by wealth quintiles PNC within 2 days Birth reg DPT Most and least affected provinces U5MR IMR NMR Poorest Wealthiest Poorest Wealthiest Per cent (%) Per cent (%) Per cent (%) Disparities by wealth quintiles SBA C-section Inst. delivery Most and least affected provinces Urine sample SBA Birth reg Poorest Wealthiest Poorest Wealthiest PV/ST PP PV/ST PP Kratie PP OMC PP Pursat PP MK/RK BMC Source: Cambodia DHS Notes: Comparison of data is by residence (rural versus urban versus country ), wealth quintiles (poorest versus richest versus country ) and by district (most affected versus least affected; urine sample (obtained during ANC visit); SBA: % of pregnancies delivered by skilled birth attendant; birth reg.: % of children younger than 5 years whose birth was registered with the State. Provinces: PV/ST: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng; PP: Phnom Penh; MK/RK: Mondol Kiri/Rattanak Kiri; OMC: Otdar Mean Chey; BMC: Banteay Mean Chey. 4 Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia
5 EQUITY FOCUS: Indicators by residence, wealth quintiles and provinces Indicator Residence Quintiles Rural Urban Poorest Wealthiest Most and least affected provinces U5MR (country avg: 51 per Levels & Trends 2011 report and 54 per the Cambodia DHS 2010) NMR (country avg: 22 per Levels & Trends 2011 report and 27 per the DHS 2010) IMR (country avg: 43 as per Levels & Trends 2011 report and 45 per DHS 2010) Pre-pregnancy Contraceptive prevalence (any method; country avg: 50.5%) Antenatal Informed pregnancy complication signs at ANC (country avg: 80.0%) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (118); L: Phnom Penh (18) M: Kratie (47) L: Phnom Penh (8) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (95); L: L: Phnom Penh (13) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (37.3); Kandal (61.8) M: Otdar Mean Che (61.4); L: Pursat (98) ANC1 (country avg: 89.3%) ANC4 (country avg: 59.4%) Urine sample taken at ANC, % (country avg: 36.4%) Blood pressure taken at ANC (country avg: 90.6%) M: Kratie(5.1); L: Siem Reap (61.2) M: MK/RK (75); L: Siem Reap (98.8) Blood sample taken (44.5) M: Kratie (15.9); L: Phnom Penh (74.8) % of women whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus (country avg: 85.3%) M: MK/RK (62.1); Phnom Penh (97.4) Intrapartum Skilled birth attendant at delivery (country level: 71%) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (28.2); L: Phnom Penh (98.8) Institutional delivery (country avg: 53.8%) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (21.2); L: Phnom Penh (93.3) Percentage delivered by C-section (country level 3%) M: Takeo (0.8); L: Phnom Penh (9.9) Postpartum No postnatal check-up (country avg: 26%) M: Kratie (79.4); L: Kampong Speu (5.5) % PNC within 2 days of delivery (sum of <4h, 4-23h and 1 2 days after delivery; 70.4%) M: Otdar Mean Chey (45.1); L: Phnom Penh (96.8) Birth registration (country avg: 62.1%) M: Pursat (34.9); L: Phnom Penh (81.6) Median duration of exclusive breastfeeding for children born in the last 3 years (mean for all children: 4.9 months) Children younger than 5 years % who received ORS or RHF (country level: 52.6%) % continued feeding and given ORT and/or increased fluids (country avg: 48%) % of under-5 children with symptoms of ARI whom advice or treatment was sought from a health facility or provider (country avg: 64.2%) M:Kandal (2.2); L: Svay Rieng (5.5) M: Battambang/Pailin (38.4); L: Otdar Mean Chey (76.5) M: Preah Vihear/Steung Treng (28.7); L: Pursat M: Battambang/Pailin (48.9); L: Svay Rieng (83.4) % of under-5 children with symptoms of ARI prescribed antibiotics (country avg: 39.1%) M: Battambang/Pailin (13.4); L: Pursat (76.8) DPT3 (country level: 84.8%) M: Mondol Kiri/Rattanak Kiri (40); L: Banteay Mean Chey (95.6) Source: All data from the Cambodia DHS, 2010 unless specified; UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, Levels & Trends in Child Mortality, Data for the following provinces is missing: Bantaey Mean Chey, Kampong Chnang, Kampong Speu, Kandal, Phnom Penh, Prey Veng, Siem Reap, Preah Vihear/Steung Treng. Note: In 2006, the Cambodian National Immunization Programme replaced the DPT vaccine with a tetravalent vaccine that includes DPT, Hib and Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB). Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia 5
6 Fairer public funding shortens both social and physical distances to health care Spotlight on UNICEF work Greater public investment in health programme coverage is paying high dividends in Cambodia. This combined with the innovative introduction of the Government s performance incentive scheme for midwives in 2008 and a steady expansion of Health Equity Funds to reduce financial barriers has led to clear progress. Achievements remain unevenly spread across the society, however; though closing in some areas, lower socio-economic groupings continue to have poorer health service access and poorer health outcomes. Poverty is a dominant cause of inequity in health outcomes and in coverage of health care interventions, but it is not the only cause. Other dimensions of poverty, vulnerability and exclusion are also important sources of inequity in access to health services: lack of maternal education, mobile communities, remote communities far from health facilities or lacking year-round road access, ethnic minority communities, local traditions and beliefs that dis-empower women, migrants and new unregistered settlements. These factors reduce demand for health services. They also operate on the supply side: such communities receive less frequent or no outreach, are likely to be in communes without a health centre or with a shortage of staff, particularly midwives. Children are at higher risk of missing out on immunization in communities, such as mobile, remote, ethnic minority, migrant, urban poor or unregistered villages. In Cambodia, approximately 30 per cent of the population has one or more of these higher-risk characteristics. According to the 2011 Reaching the Unreached for Health Care Services in Cambodia, distances are stretched by lack of capability, lack of money, lack of knowledge and the strong sense of isolation and exclusion that some of the poor families are experiencing. Thus, what is far cannot be measured objectively in health planning categories, such as distance from facility or walking time to facility. The research results made an imperative case for health planners to integrate social distance with geographic distance to arrive at a more realistic picture of access and how to improve it. By bolstering such innovative, specific and disaggregated data and evidence, UNICEF is engaging the Government in discussions on the bottlenecks that prevent disadvantaged children from fulfilling their rights. UNICEF advocacy led to a 60 per cent increase of resources from the Second Health Sector Support Programme, Cambodia s largest health partnership arrangement, allotted to outreach and other primary health care activities for the poorest and most remote areas. UNICEF provided advocacy and technical support to the Ministry of Health to revise its outreach guidelines (including the budget component) to ensure hard-to-reach communities are regularly reached (at least quarterly) with an integrated package of preventive health services, micro planning to ensure unregistered communities are covered and with higher budgets and allowances for hard-to-reach villages or communities. Background UNICEF research found that many mothers and children in abject-poverty pockets of villages had never seen a health centre or a health care worker. There were frequent expressions by women who were poor that they were afraid to attend health facilities or that they did not want to disturb village authorities for assistance. Of the health care providers, many of the poor people interviewed said they do not so much look at us or they ask for money first. distances are stretched by lack of capability, lack of money, lack of knowledge and the strong sense of isolation and exclusion that some of the poor families are experiencing Communes in 12 of Cambodia s 24 provinces have received resources, training and tools for prioritizing social spending with commune funds, which include providing transportation for pregnant women to health centres, community preschools and safe water and sanitation facilities. UNICEF is working at the national level towards equity-focused resource distribution within the decentralization and public finance management reforms to ensure sustainability of commune funds. In 2013, UNICEF is supporting a local fund in which communes receive US$1,000 per year that could be used for a range of activities to improve vulnerable population s access to social services including maternal and newborn health, such as awareness raising and covering expenses for expecting mothers in emergency medical situations. A mother with her newborn and post-natal care package (including iron folate, Vitamin A and mebendazole) in a referral hospital in Kratie CAMBODIA/August 2012/Vung 6 Maternal and Newborn Health Country Profiles: Cambodia
Lao People s Democratic Republic
Maternal and Newborn Health Profiles Lao People s Democratic Republic Lao PDR is among the top 10 countries achieving the highest reduction in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2011, with an annual rate
More informationSRI LANKA SRI LANKA 187
SRI LANKA 187 List of Country Indicators Selected Demographic Indicators Selected demographic indicators Child Mortality and Nutritional Status Neonatal, infant and under-five mortality rates: trends Distribution
More information150 7,114,974 75.8 -53-3.2 -3.6 -2.9. making progress
Per 1 LB African Region Maternal and Perinatal Health Profile Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (MCA/WHO) Demographics and Information System Health status indicators - Maternal
More information117 4,904,773 -67-4.7 -5.5 -3.9. making progress
Per 1 LB Eastern Mediterranean Region Maternal and Perinatal Health Profile Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (MCA/WHO) Demographics and Information System Health status indicators
More informationcambodia Maternal, Newborn AND Child Health and Nutrition
cambodia Maternal, Newborn AND Child Health and Nutrition situation Between 2000 and 2010, Cambodia has made significant progress in improving the health of its children. The infant mortality rate has
More information68 3,676,893 86.7 -49-2.9 -3.2 -2.5. making progress
Per 1 LB African Region Maternal and Perinatal Health Profile Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (MCA/WHO) Demographics and Information System Health status indicators Maternal
More informationMaternal and Neonatal Health in Bangladesh
Maternal and Neonatal Health in Bangladesh KEY STATISTICS Basic data Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 births) 320* Neonatal mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 births) 37 Births for women aged
More informationEVERY NEWBORN SPOTLIGHT ON
EVERY NEWBORN Progress towards ending preventable newborn deaths and stillbirths SPOTLIGHT ON Philippines The Philippines conducted a newborn assessment and bottleneck analysis exercise in 2013 that informed
More informationMATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH 9 George Kichamu, Jones N. Abisi, and Lydia Karimurio This chapter presents findings from key areas in maternal and child health namely, antenatal, postnatal and delivery care,
More informationPakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006-07
Education Most Pakistani Women Lack Any Education Only one in three ever-married women ages 15-49 in Pakistan has any education. Most women never learn how to read. The new Demographic and Health Survey
More informationMATARA. Geographic location 4 (2006-07) Distribution of population by wealth quintiles (%), 2006-07 27.3 21.4 12.9 23.7 14.8. Source: DHS 2006-07
Ministry of Health MATARA DEMOGRAPHICS Total population 822, (28) L and area (Sq. Km) 1,27 (26) under-five (%) 9.2 (26-7) 1 Females in reproductive age group (%) 2 5.1 (26-7) 1 Estimated housing units
More informationWorld Health Day Diabetes and RMNCAH in Africa: R for Reproductive Health
World Health Day Diabetes and RMNCAH in Africa: R for Reproductive Health Managing diabetes and reproductive health in developing contexts. The 2016 World Health Day theme to scale up prevention, strengthen
More informationMATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH 9
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH 9 Ann Phoya and Sophie Kang oma This chapter presents the 2004 MDHS findings on maternal and child health in Malawi. Topics discussed include the utilisation maternal and child
More informationBachelor s degree in Nursing (Midwifery)
Tbilisi State Medical University Faculty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation The first level of academic higher education Bachelor s degree in Nursing (Midwifery) TBILISI 2012 Name of qualification
More informationQuestionnaire to the UN system and other intergovernmental organizations
Questionnaire to the UN system and other intergovernmental organizations The report of the 13 th session of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues provides a number of recommendations within its mandated
More informationThe Challenge of Appropriate Pneumonia Case Management and the Impact for Child Health
The Challenge of Appropriate Pneumonia Case Management and the Impact for Child Health Dr. Shamim Qazi Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health 1 ASTMH New Orleans November 2014 Major
More informationSuccess Factors. for Women s and Children s Health. Cambodia. Ministry of Health, Cambodia
Success Factors for Women s and Children s Health Cambodia Ministry of Health, Cambodia Success factors for women s and children s health: Cambodia is a document of the Ministry of Health, Cambodia. This
More informationPromoting Family Planning
Promoting Family Planning INTRODUCTION Voluntary family planning has been widely adopted throughout the world. More than half of all couples in the developing world now use a modern method of contraception
More informationLiberia. Reproductive Health. at a. April 2011. Country Context. Liberia: MDG 5 Status
Reproductive Health at a GLANCE April 211 Liberia Country Context Since the end of the 14 years of devastating civil war in 23, Liberia has made steady strides towards peace, stability, recovery and economic
More informationBrief Overview of MIRA Channel (Women Mobile Lifeline Channel)
Brief Overview of MIRA Channel (Women Mobile Lifeline Channel) MIRA Channel or Women Mobile Lifeline Channel - is an integrated mobile phone channel to provide healthcare information and services to rural
More informationSUMMARY TABLE OF FINDINGS Sudan Household Health Survey (SHHS) and Millennium Development Goals (MDG) indicators, Sudan, 2006
SUMMARY TABLE OF FINDINGS Sudan Household Health Survey (SHHS) and Millennium Development Goals (MDG) indicators, Sudan, 2006 Topic CHILD MORTALITY Child mortality SHHS indicator number MDG indicator number
More informationINDICATOR REGION WORLD
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA INDICATOR REGION WORLD Demographic indicators Total population (2005) 713,457,000 6,449,371,000 Population under 18 (2005) 361,301,000 2,183,143,000 Population under 5 (2005) 119,555,000
More informationTestimony of Henry B. Perry, MD, PhD, MPH Senior Associate, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Testimony of Henry B. Perry, MD, PhD, MPH Senior Associate, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Congressional Hearing: The First One Thousand Days of Life
More informationHome visits for the newborn child: a strategy to improve survival
WHO/UNICEF Joint Statement Home visits for the newborn child: a strategy to improve survival Every year, about 3.7 million babies die in the first four weeks of life (2004 estimates). Most of these newborns
More informationModule 7 Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI)
Module 7 Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI) (including Vitamin A, Tetanus Toxoid and Growth Monitoring) CONTENTS 7.1 What are the tools used for data collection?....................................2
More information***************************************************************************
UNICEF Cambodia TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONSULTANT Joint Programme for Children, Food Security and Nutrition in Cambodia, Provincial Programme Coordinator Requesting Section: Child Survival ***************************************************************************
More informationIII CHAPTER 2. Antenatal Care. Ornella Lincetto, Seipati Mothebesoane-Anoh, Patricia Gomez, Stephen Munjanja
CHAPTER 2 III Antenatal Care Ornella Lincetto, Seipati Mothebesoane-Anoh, Patricia Gomez, Stephen Munjanja Antenatal care (ANC) coverage is a success story in Africa, since over two-thirds of pregnant
More informationORGANIZATIONS. Organization Programmatic Areas of Focus Notes Interviewed? Yes. Averting Maternal Death and Disability (AMDD)
Averting Maternal Death and Disability (AMDD) Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health (UCSF) Global advocacy, human rights, strengthening health systems (conducting needs assessments for EmOC, strengthening
More informationPreventable mortality and morbidity of children under 5 years of age as a human rights concern
Preventable mortality and morbidity of children under 5 years of age as a human rights concern 1. Has your government developed a national policy/strategy/action plan aimed at reducing mortality and morbidity
More informationINDICATOR REGION WORLD
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA INDICATOR REGION WORLD Demographic indicators Total population (2006) 748,886,000 6,577,236,000 Population under 18 (2006) 376,047,000 2,212,024,000 Population under 5 (2006) 125,254,000
More informationEmONC Training Curricula Comparison
EmONC Training Curricula Comparison The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick resource for trainers and course administrators to decide which EmONC curriculum is most applicable to their training
More informationMaternal and child health in nepal: scaling up priority health care services * A. Morgan,
Maternal and child health in nepal: scaling up priority health care services * A. Morgan, Y. Prasai, E. Jimenez-Soto, Z. Dettrick, S. Firth, A. Byrne Aims: * The research that forms the basis of this report
More informationKenya National Bureau of Statistics, 2010 population census 2009 report.
Background Kenya s child population is estimated to be about 53% that is about 19 million out of the 34 million with an annual growth rate of 2.2%. 1 Currently, there are several legislative milestones
More informationSubmission by the Australian College of Midwives (Inc.) in relation to The Australian Safety and Quality Goals for Health Care
Submission by the Australian College of Midwives (Inc.) in relation to The Australian Safety and Quality Goals for Health Care The Consultation Paper titled Australian Safety and Quality Goals for Health
More informationWant to know. more. about. midwives? Promoting social change through policy-based research in women s health
Want to know more midwives? about Promoting social change through policy-based research in women s health What is a midwife? A midwife is a health care professional who provides care to women throughout
More informationPopulations With Lower Rates of Breastfeeding. Background Information
Populations With Lower Rates of Breastfeeding Background Information Revised July 2014 Benefits of Breastfeeding Breastfeeding is the natural way to feed a baby, providing a wide range of benefits to the
More informationFree healthcare services for pregnant and lactating women and young children in Sierra Leone
Free healthcare services for pregnant and lactating women and young children in Sierra Leone November 2009 Government of Sierra Leone Contents Foreword 3 Country situation 4 Vision 5 Approach 6 Focus 6
More informationImproving Clinical Management of Newborns at Hospitals to Reduce Neonatal Deaths
Improving Clinical Management of Newborns at Hospitals to Reduce Neonatal Deaths Bridging the Research-Policy Divide Australian National University (ANU) Canberra BUN Sreng Department of Communicable Disease
More informationImplementing Community Based Maternal Death Reviews in Sierra Leone
Project Summary Implementing Community Based Maternal Death Reviews in Sierra Leone Background Sierra Leone is among the poorest nations in the world, with 70% of the population living below the established
More informationGlobal Child Health Equity Focused Strategies Kim Wilson, MD MPH Global Pediatric program Boston s children s hospital, Harvard Medical - child
Global Child Health Equity Focused Strategies Kim Wilson, MD MPH Global Pediatric program Boston s children s hospital, Harvard Medical child survival and MDG targets chronic diseases and disability historical
More informationNeonatal Survival 2 Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save?
05art1217page 15/2/05 12:43 pm Page 19 Neonatal Survival 2 Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save? Gary L Darmstadt, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Simon Cousens, Taghreed
More informationOET: Listening Part A: Influenza
Listening Test Part B Time allowed: 23 minutes In this part, you will hear a talk on critical illnesses due to A/H1N1 influenza in pregnant and postpartum women, given by a medical researcher. You will
More information66% Breastfeeding. Early initiation of breastfeeding (within one hour of birth) Exclusive breastfeeding rate (4-5 months)
56% Early initiation of breastfeeding (within one hour of birth) 29% Exclusive breastfeeding rate (4-5 months) 66% Timely complementary feeding rate (6-9 months) Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2008
More information35-40% of GBS disease occurs in the elderly or in adults with chronic medical conditions.
What is Group B Strep (GBS)? Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that is found in the lower intestine of 10-35% of all healthy adults and in the vagina and/or lower intestine of 10-35% of
More informationPeru. Country programme document 2012-2016
Peru Country programme document 2012-2016 The draft country programme document for Peru (E/ICEF/2011/P/L.44) was presented to the Executive Board for discussion and comments at its 2011 second regular
More informationHEALTH TRANSITION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SRI LANKA LESSONS OF THE PAST AND EMERGING ISSUES
HEALTH TRANSITION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SRI LANKA LESSONS OF THE PAST AND EMERGING ISSUES Dr. Godfrey Gunatilleke, Sri Lanka How the Presentation is Organized An Overview of the Health Transition in Sri
More informationCaring for Vulnerable Babies: The reorganisation of neonatal services in England
Caring for Vulnerable Babies: The reorganisation of neonatal services in England LONDON: The Stationery Office 13.90 Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 17 December 2007 REPORT BY THE COMPTROLLER
More informationResults Based Financing Initiative for Maternal and Neonatal Health Malawi
Results Based Financing Initiative for Maternal and Neonatal Health Malawi Interagency Working Group on Results-Based Financing Meeting in Frankfurt/ Germany 7 th May 2013 Dr Brigitte Jordan-Harder MD
More informationPROGRESS REPORT 2013-2015 DECREASE CHILD DEATHS
PROGRESS REPORT 2013-2015 DECREASE CHILD DEATHS PROGRESS REPORT 2013-2015 Results for children in Pakistan DECREASE CHILD DEATHS Copyright UNICEF Pakistan Printed in July 2015 Editing Sarah Nam Graphic
More informationNO MORE MISSED MDG4 OPPORTUNITIES: OPTIMIZING EXISTING HEALTH PLATFORMS FOR CHILD SURVIVAL. Polio Campaigns
NO MORE MISSED MDG4 OPPORTUNITIES: OPTIMIZING EXISTING HEALTH PLATFORMS FOR CHILD SURVIVAL Polio Campaigns With fewer than 600 days remaining to the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) deadline, new strategies
More informationQuality Maternity Care: the Role of the Public Health Nurse
Quality Maternity Care: the Role of the Public Health Nurse Lori Webel-Edgar RN, MN Program Manager-Reproductive Health Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit Barrie, Ontario session overview quality maternity
More informationChallenges & opportunities
SCALING UP FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES IN AFRICA THROUGH CHRISTIAN HEALTH SYSTEMS Challenges & opportunities Samuel Mwenda MD Africa Christian Health Associations Platform/CHAK Presentation outline Introduction
More informationThe Situation of Children and Women in Iraq
The Situation of Children and Women in Iraq Highlights from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 4 (MICS 4) 2011 Demographics - Population of Iraq: 33.4 million - Children and Adolescents (0-18): 16.6
More informationEvery newborn: a draft action plan to end preventable deaths
Remarkable progress has been made in recent decades to reduce the number of child deaths worldwide, but neonatal mortality rate declined at a slower pace. Yet a large proportion of newborn deaths are preventable.
More informationFIGHTING AGAINST MATERNAL AND NEONATAL MORTALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
PRESS KIT February 2014 FIGHTING AGAINST MATERNAL AND NEONATAL MORTALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WIVES ID M G IN T C E CONN CONTENT 02 Key figures 03 Launch of the international "Connecting Midwives" web
More informationGuyana 2009 Guyana Demographic and Health Survey Demographic and Health Survey 2009
Guyana Demographic and Health Survey 2009 Guyana Demographic and Health Survey 2009 Ministry of Health Georgetown, Guyana Bureau of Statistics Georgetown, Guyana ICF Macro (Technical Assistance) October
More informationAfghanistan May 2008
USAID Country Health Statistical Report Afghanistan May 2008 Table of Contents 1. About the Report 2. Country Profile I. Statistical Overview Demographic Indicators Socioeconomic Indicators Family Planning
More informationC-IMCI Program Guidance. Community-based Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
C-IMCI Program Guidance Community-based Integrated Management of Childhood Illness January 2009 Summary This document provides an overview of the Community-based Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses
More informationObjectives. What is undernutrition? What is undernutrition? What does undernutrition look like?
Objectives Basics Jean-Pierre Habicht, MD, PhD Professor Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University Types and causes Determinants Consequences Global occurrence and progress Way forward What is
More informationProgramme Specification 2015/16
Programme Specification 2015/16 1. Awarding Body University of Surrey 2. Teaching Institution (if different) 3. Final Award BSc (Hons) 4. Programme title/route/pathway Midwifery: Registered Midwife 5.
More informationCORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS BETWEEN TEENAGE PREGNANCY AND MATERNAL MORTALITY IN MALAWI
CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS BETWEEN TEENAGE PREGNANCY AND MATERNAL MORTALITY IN MALAWI Abiba Longwe-Ngwira and Nissily Mushani African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) P.O. Box 31024, Lilongwe 3 Malawi
More informationHow Universal is Access to Reproductive Health?
How Universal is Access to Reproductive Health? A review of the evidence Cover Copyright UNFPA 2010 September 2010 Publication available at: http://www.unfpa.org/public/home/publications/pid/6526 The designations
More informationCROSS HEALTH CARE BOUNDARIES MATERNITY CLINICAL GUIDELINE
CROSS HEALTH CARE BOUNDARIES MATERNITY CLINICAL GUIDELINE Title of Guideline (must include the word Guideline (not protocol, policy, procedure etc) Obstetric Early Warning Score Guideline Implementation
More informationSummary. Accessibility and utilisation of health services in Ghana 245
Summary The thesis examines the factors that impact on access and utilisation of health services in Ghana. The utilisation behaviour of residents of a typical urban and a typical rural district are used
More informationMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Time Level Skills Knowledge goal 60 90 minutes intermediate speaking, reading to raise awareness of today s global issues and the UN Millennium Development Goals Materials
More informationI. Examples where allied health care providers offer the same or similar services as other providers and are not recognised by health funds,
Submission regarding the ACCC s Report to the Australian Senate on anti-competitive and other practices by health funds and providers in relation to private health insurance Thank you for the opportunity
More informationMDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality
143 MDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality The target for Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 is to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old (under-5 mortality) by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015.
More information2014-2017. UNICEF/NYHQ2012-1868/Noorani
UNICEF STRATEGIC PLAN 2014-2017 UNICEF/NYHQ2012-1868/Noorani UNICEF s Strategic Plan 2014-2017 is a road map for the realization of the rights of every child. The equity strategy, emphasizing the most
More informationConnection with other policy areas and (How does it fit/support wider early years work and partnerships)
Illness such as gastroenteritis and upper respiratory tract infections, along with injuries caused by accidents in the home, are the leading causes of attendances at Accident & Emergency and hospitalisation
More informationInternational Service Program 2010-2012
International Service Program 2010-2012 Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Gender-Based Violence in Rwanda UNICEF USA$500,000 Project Description THE GOAL To prevent mother-to-child
More informationTwins and Multiples. Monochorionic diamniotic twins, Monochorionic monoamniotic triplets or Higher order multiples. Oxford University Hospitals
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust Twins and Multiples Monochorionic diamniotic twins, Monochorionic monoamniotic triplets or Higher order multiples How common are multiple pregnancies? Women who are
More informationStatement by Dr. Sugiri Syarief, MPA
Check against delivery_ Commission on Population and Development 45th Session Economic and Social Council Statement by Dr. Sugiri Syarief, MPA Chairperson of the National Population and Family Planning
More informationWhat do I do when I am pregnant in Ireland?
What do I do when I am pregnant in Ireland? Produced by Health Information and Advocacy Centre in partnership with Ethnic Minority Health Forum Researched and written by Sarah Duku: Resource and Information
More informationIowa s Maternal Health, Child Health and Family Planning Business Plan
Iowa s Maternal Health, Child Health and Family Planning Business Plan CHILD HEALTH Who we are... A public-private partnership that... Promotes access to regular preventive health care services for children
More informationCOUNTRY REPORT: CAMBODIA Sophal Oum, MD, MTH, DrPH, Deputy Director-General for Health
COUNTRY REPORT: CAMBODIA Sophal Oum, MD, MTH, DrPH, Deputy Director-General for Health I. ESTABLISHED PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS IN HEALTH, 2003 Sector Medical Service, Nursing, First Aid Medical Service
More informationCover for pregnancy and childbirth. Cover for pregnancy and childbirth 20 July 2014 Page 1 of 17
Cover for pregnancy and childbirth 2014 Cover for pregnancy and childbirth 20 July 2014 Page 1 of 17 How we cover pregnancy and childbirth in 2014 The Maternity Benefit covers day-to-day and in-hospital
More informationZambia 2007 2010. I. Progress on key indicators
Zambia 2007 2010 I. Progress on key indicators Indicator Value Year Value Year Child population (millions, under 18 years) 6.1 2004 6.7 2008 U5MR (per 1,000 live births) 182 2004 148 2008 Underweight (%,
More informationMicrofinance A Gateway to Healthcare for Poor Rural Woman
2011 ovations ovations Microfinance A Gateway to Healthcare for Poor Rural Woman Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha, Bangladesh Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha (TMSS) is a well- known national level non- government
More informationSaving Mothers and Babies
Saving Mothers and Babies A learning programme for professionals Developed by the Perinatal Education Programme Saving Mothers and Babies A learning programme for professionals Developed by the Perinatal
More informationWHO/UNICEF Regional Child Survival Strategy
ii WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data regional child survival strategy: accelerated and sustained action towards MDG 4. 1. Child survival. 2. Child welfare. 3. Child mortality. 4. Regional planning.
More informationSouth African Nursing Council (Under the provisions of the Nursing Act, 2005)
South African Nursing Council (Under the provisions of the Nursing Act, 2005) e-mail: registrar@sanc.co.za web: www.sanc.co.za P O Box 1123, Pretoria, 0001 Republic of South Africa Tel: 012 420-1000 Fax:
More informationUsing Evidence to Save Newborn Lives Policy Perspectives on Newborn Health
Using Evidence to Save Newborn Lives Policy Perspectives on Newborn Health By Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Gary L. Darmstadt, and Elizabeth I. Ransom While the overall health of children has improved around the
More informationThe Role of International Law in Reducing Maternal Mortality
The Role of International Law in Reducing Maternal Mortality K. Madison Burnett * Safe motherhood is a human rights issue The death of a woman during pregnancy or childbirth is not only a health issue
More informationNursing and midwifery actions at the three levels of public health practice
Nursing and midwifery actions at the three levels of public health practice Improving health and wellbeing at individual, community and population levels June 2013 You may re-use the text of this document
More informationTERMS OF REFERENCE. Development of Referral Pathway guidelines on health services for children detected with impairments or disabilities
TERMS OF REFERENCE I. GENERAL OVERVIEW: Title of Program: Title of Project: Title of Consultancy: Mother and Child Health (MCH) Inclusive Healthcare (IHP) Development of Referral Pathway guidelines on
More informationZambia Project Mwana: Using mobile phones to improve early infant HIV diagnostic services, post-natal follow-up and care
East and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO) October 2011 UNICEF/Zambia2010/Merrick Schaefer Case Study on Narrowing the Gaps for Equity Zambia Project Mwana: Using mobile phones to improve early infant
More informationCountry Case Study E T H I O P I A S H U M A N R E S O U R C E S F O R H E A L T H P R O G R A M M E
Country Case Study E T H I O P I A S H U M A N R E S O U R C E S F O R H E A L T H P R O G R A M M E GHWA Task Force on Scaling Up Education and Training for Health Workers S U M M A R Y Ethiopia suffers
More informationRole of socio-demographic factors on utilization of maternal health care services in Ethiopia
Role of socio-demographic factors on utilization of maternal health care services in Ethiopia Author Eyerusalem Dagne Year: 2010 Supervisor: Anders Emmelin Acknowledgment I would like to thank the department
More informationMid-year population estimates. Embargoed until: 20 July 2010 14:30
Statistical release Mid-year population estimates 2010 Embargoed until: 20 July 2010 14:30 Enquiries: Forthcoming issue: Expected release date User Information Services Tel: (012) 310 8600/4892/8390 Mid-year
More informationChildren in Egypt 2014 A STATISTICAL DIGEST
Children in Egypt 2014 A STATISTICAL DIGEST CHAPTER 4 IMMUNIZATION AND HEALTH Children in Egypt 2014 is a statistical digest produced by UNICEF Egypt to present updated and quality data on major dimensions
More informationwater, sanitation and hygiene
water, sanitation and hygiene situation Lack of water and sanitation is one of the biggest issues affecting the health of children across Cambodia, particularly those who live in the countryside. Too many
More informationMALARIA A MAJOR CAUSE OF CHILD DEATH AND POVERTY IN AFRICA
MALARIA A MAJOR CAUSE OF CHILD DEATH AND POVERTY IN AFRICA CONTROLLING THE MALARIA BURDEN IN AFRICA KEY ACTIONS FOR UNICEF Strengthen UNICEF input to evidence-based antenatal services Forge partnership
More informationPROGRESS FOR CHILDREN. A Report Card on Maternal Mortality
PROGRESS FOR CHILDREN A Report Card on Maternal Mortality Number 7, September 2008 CONTENTS Foreword: Maternal mortality and the MDGs 1 Maternal mortality: Neglected for too long 2 Global overview 4 A
More informationEconomic and Social Council
United Nations E/ICEF/2013/P/L.16 Economic and Social Council Distr.: Limited 1 July 2013 Original: English For action United Nations Children s Fund Executive Board Second regular session 2013 3-6 September
More information8th Medical Open Source Software Symposium
8th Medical Open Source Software Symposium openehr as A New Approach to Electronic Health Record System in Cambodia Maternity Care Program Kakada Hok 2009.10.31 1 Objectives of the Research Study To identify
More informationBasic health care services for children
Basic health care services for children Anthony Westwood (School of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town), Maylene Shung King (DPhil candidate, Department of
More informationNigeria. Country programme document 2014-2017
Nigeria Country programme document 2014-2017 The draft country programme document for Nigeria (E/ICEF/2013/P/L.7) was presented to the Executive Board for discussion and comments at its 2013 annual session
More informationQuestions and Answers on Universal Health Coverage and the post-2015 Framework
Questions and Answers on Universal Health Coverage and the post-2015 Framework How does universal health coverage contribute to sustainable development? Universal health coverage (UHC) has a direct impact
More informationGlobal Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Pneumonia (GAPP)
Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Pneumonia (GAPP) Technical Consensus statement Updated February 2008 The following consensus statement was formulated, and should be used widely for advocacy
More informationWorld Health Statistics 2014. I Indicator compendium
World Health Statistics 2014 I Indicator compendium World Health Organization 2014 This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization and all rights are reserved by the Organization.
More information