Monday Plural Nouns. Some nouns are IRREGULAR when made plural: child/children; woman/ women; mouse/mice. For these, check the dictionary.

Transcription

1 Monday Plural Nouns Definition: Indicate more than one of something. Various rules for making plural. Most add an " s" Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x add "-es" : bus/buses; box/boxes Nouns ending in f, drop the f and add "-ves": loaf/loaves ; wharf/wharves Nouns ending in a consonant+y drop the y and add "-ies"; baby/babies Nouns ending in an o preceded by a vowel add "-s": video/videos Nouns ending in an o preceded by a consonant add "-es": hero/heroes Hyphenated Compound words add "-s" to the main word: brother-in-law/ brothers-in-law Some nouns are IRREGULAR when made plural: child/children; woman/ women; mouse/mice. For these, check the dictionary. Some words keep their LATIN or GREEK form in the plural: nucleus/ nuclei; crisis/crises; criterion/criteria. These are also in the dictionary. Write the following words in their plural forms desk, chair, carry, wolf, bush, tomato, radio, goose, cacti, maid-of-honor, man-at-arms Week 02 1

2 Tuesday Noun Functions Definition: Nouns can have different functions in a sentence. They can be subject, direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition. Definition 2: Subject - who or what the sentence is about, usually in front of the verb. Direct Object (DO) - the recipient of an action, usually comes after a verb Indirect Object (IO) - the recipient of a DO (see example below) Object of a Prep. - a word controlled by the prep. (more on this later) John is my best friend (SUBJECT) I saw that movie. (DIRECT OBJECT) We bought Eva an ice cream. (INDIRECT OBJECT) My friends went to the mall. (OBJECT OF A PREP.) Identify the noun that is the subject of the sentence: The cat chased a squirrel up the tree. Is salad a direct object or an indirect object? Darrell ate a salad for lunch today. Week 02 2

3 Wednesday Possessive Nouns Definition: Nouns that express possession of a previously mentioned noun. That previously mentioned noun is known as the antecedent. Most possessives are formed by adding " 's" to the noun. PLURAL possessive nouns that end with an "s" just add the apostrophe. That jacket is John's. (Jacket is the Antecedent, John's the possessive) Those toys are the children's. (Plural nouns that DO NOT end in "-s" are treated the same as normal singular nouns) This pen is James's. (Same with singular nouns ending in "-s") That house right there is the Smiths'. (Only plural nouns ending in "-s" are treated differently) Fill in the blank with the proper possessive: These bicycles are my [friends], so I'll put my bike next to them. What is the antecedent in this sentence? This calculator is Ryan's, but he let me borrow it. Week 02 3

4 Thursday Possessive Nouns as Adjectives Definition: Nouns used as adjectives to show possession. Possessive Nouns used as Adjectives are usually BEFORE the noun being owned. These are formed the same way as regular possessive nouns. That is Harry's car. (The car belongs to Harry) The singers' voices are highly trained. (The voices belong to the singers) James's carpet is dirty. (The carpet belongs to James) Re-write the sentences below to use the Possessive Nouns as an adjectives: This calculator is Ryan's. These books I've borrowed are Mr. Smith's. Week 02 4

5 Friday Appositives Definition: Noun Phrases that come before or after nouns or pronouns to explain or describe them. Usually separated by commas. A miniature black poodle, Tony's dog is very cuddly. Margie, my sister, is on the varsity basketball team. Copy the sentences below and underline the appositive: My English teacher, Mr. Smith, is kind of crazy. A 1956 Ford, my buddy's truck is pretty cool. The US President John Kennedy was known for his good speaking ability. Bonus Fact: Appositives can be moved in a sentence. This allows for greater sentence variety. You try 2: Once you identify the appositives in the above sentences, try moving them either before or after the noun described. Week 02 5