Chapter. August 28, SET FROM. B. turns. blue to red. litmus from A. OH - A. H 2 CO C. H 3 O D. H 3 O E. H 2 O. In the reaction H 2 CO B.

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1 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] Chapter 15 Acids and Basess Student: 1. Which is not a characteristic property of acids? A. tastes sour B. turns litmus from blue to red C. reacts with metals to yield CO 2 gas D. neutralizes bases E. reacts with carbonates to yield CO 2 gas 2. Which is the formula for the hydronium ion? 3. A. OH B. H 2 O C. H 3 O D. H 3 O E. H 2 O + + In the reaction H 2 CO 3 + H 2 O A. H 2 CO 3 and H 2 O. B. HCO 3 and H 2 CO 3. C. H 2 O and H 3 O +. D. H 3 O and H 2 CO 3. E. H 2 O and HCO 3. HCO 3 + H 3 O +, the Brønsted acids are 4. In the reaction HSO 4 (aq) + OH (aq) SO 2 4 (aq) + H 2 O(l), the conjugate acidbase pairs are A. Row 1 B. Row 2 C. Row 3 D. Row 4 E. Row 5 1

2 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 5. Identify the conjugate base of HPO 2 4 in the reaction 2 HCO HPO 4 3 H 2 CO 3 + PO 4 A. H 2 O B. HCO 3 C. H 2 CO 3 D. 3 PO 4 E. none of these 6. Identify the conjugate base of HSO 4 in the reaction H 2 PO HSO 4 H 3 PO 4 + SO 4 A. H 2 PO B. H 2 SO C. H 2 O D. H 3 PO E. 2 SO 4 O 4 O 4 O 4 7. Identify the conjugate base of HCO 3 in the reaction CO HSO 4 HCO SO 4 O 4 A. HSO B. 2 CO 3 C. OH D. + H 3 O E. 2 SO 4 8. Identify the conjugate base of CH 3 COOH in the reaction CH 3 COOH + H SO 4 H 2 SO 4 + CH 3 COO A. HSO B. 2 SO 4 C. CH 3 COO D. H 2 SO 4 E. OH O 4 9. Identify the conjugate base of HClO 3 in the reaction ClO HSO 4 HClO 3 + SO 4 A. ClO 3 B. HSO C. OH D. + H 3 O E. 2 SO 4 3 O 4 2

3 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 10. Identify the conjugate acid of SO 2 4 in the reaction CO HSO 4 HCO SO 4 A. 2 CO 3 B. HSO C. OH D. + H 3 O E. 2 SO 4 O Identify the conjugate acid of HCO 3 in the reaction 2 HCO HPO 4 3 H 2 CO 3 + PO 4 A. H 2 O B. HCO C. H 2 CO D. 3 PO 4 E. HPO O 3 O 3 O Identify the conjugate acid of CO 2 3 in the reaction CO H 2 PO 4 HCO HPO 4 A. H 2 CO B. HCO C. H 2 O D. HPO E. H 2 PO O 3 O 3 2 O 4 O Which one of these statements about strong acids is true? A. All strong acids have H atoms bondedd to electronegative oxygen atoms. B. Strong acids are 100% ionized in water. C. The conjugate base of a strong acid is itself a strong base. D. Strong acids are very concentrated acids. E. Strong acids produce solutions with a higher ph than weak acids. 14. One liter of an aqueous solution contains H 3 O + ions. Therefore, its H 3 O + ion concentration is A mole per liter. B mole per liter. C mole per liter. D mole per liter. E mole per liter. 3

4 15. One liter of an aqueous solution contains H 3 O + ions. Therefore, its H 3 O + ion concentration is A mole per liter. B mole per liter. C mole per liter. D mole per liter. E mole per liter. 16. What is the concentration of H + in a 2.5 M HCl solution? A. 0 B. 1.3 M C. 2.5 M D. 5.0 M E. 10.M 17. The OH concentration in a M Ba(OH) 2 solution is A M. B M. C M. D M. E M. 18. The OH concentration in a M Ca(OH) 2 solution is A M. B M. C M. D M. E M. 19. The OH concentration in a M Ba(OH) 2 solution is A M. B M. C M. D M. E M. 4

5 20. What is the H + ion concentration in a M KOH solution? A M B M C M D M E M 21. Calculate the H + ion concentration in a M Ca(OH) 2 solution. A M B M C M D M E M 22. What is the OH ion concentration in a M HNO 3 solution? A M B M C M D. zero E M 23. A 0.10 M HF solution is 8.4% ionized. Calculate the H + ion concentration. A M B M C M D M E M 24. A 0.14 M HNO 2 solution is 5.7% ionized. Calculate the H + ion concentration. A M B M C M D M E M 5

6 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 25. Consider the weak acid CH 3 COOH (acetic acid). If a M CH 3 COOH solution is 5.2% ionized, determinee the [H 3 O + ] concentration at equilibrium. A M B M C M D M E M 26. A 0.10 M NH 3 solution is 1.3% ionized. Calculate the H + ion concentration. NH 3 + H 2 O NH OH A M B M C M D M E M 27. Calculate the ph of a beer in which the hydrogen ion concentration is M. A. 4.2 B. 4.8 C D. 9.8 E Determinee the ph of a KOH solution made by mixing g KOH with enough water to make ml of solution. A B C D E Calculate the H + ion concentration in lemon juice having a ph of 2.4. A M B. 250 M C M D M E. 12 M 6

7 30. Calculate the ph of a M HNO 3 solution. A B C D E What is the ph of 10.0 ml of M HCl? A B C D E Calculate the ph of a 0.14 M HNO 2 solution that is 5.7% ionized. A B C D E Calculate the ph of a 0.10 M HCN solution that is % ionized. A B C D E What is the ph of a M HA (weak acid) solution that is 8.2% ionized? A B C D E Calculate the ph of a M NaOH solution. A B C D E

8 36. Calculate the ph of M KOH. A B C D E Calculate the ph of a 1.6 M KOH solution. A B C D E What is the ph of a M Ca(OH) 2 solution? A B C D E What is the ph of a M Ca(OH) 2 solution? A. 3.0 B C. 2.7 D E Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution of fruit juice having a ph of A M B M C M D M E M 8

9 41. The ph of tomato juice is about 4.5. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in this juice. A M B M C M D. 4.M E M 42. The ph of a certain solution is 2.0. How many H + (aq) ions are there in 1.0 L of the solution? A ions B. 100 ions C. 2 ions D ions E ions 43. The ph of a certain solution is 3.0. How many H + (aq) ions are there in 1.0 L of the solution? A ions B. 1,000 ions C ions D. 3 ions E ions 44. Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution having a ph of A M B M C M D M E M 45. Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution of beer having a ph of A M B M C M D M E M 9

10 46. The ph of a Ba(OH) 2 solution is What is the H + ion concentration of this solution? A M B M C M D M E. 10.M 47. Diet cola drinks have a ph of about 3.0, while milk has a ph of about 7.0. How many times greater is the H 3 O + concentration in diet cola than in milk? A. 2.3 times higher in diet cola than in milk B. 400 times higher in diet cola than in milk C times higher in diet cola than in milk D. 1,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk E. 10,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk 48. The ph of coffee is approximately 5.0. How many times greater is the [H 3 O + ] in coffee than in tap water having a ph of 8.0? A B. 1.6 C. 30 D. 1,000 E The ph of coffee is approximately 5.0. How many times greater is the [H + ] in coffee than in neutral water? A. 200 B. 100 C. 5.0 D. 1.4 E If the ph of an acid rain storm is approximately 3.0, how many times greater is the [H + ] in the rain than in a cup of coffee having a ph of 5.0? A B. 100 C. 20 D. 1.7 E

11 51. What is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 10.0 ml of a strong acid solution with ph = 2.00 and 10.0 ml of a strong acid solution with ph = 6.00? A. 2.0 B. 2.3 C. 4.0 D. 6.0 E The poh of a solution is 9.60 Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in this solution. A M B M C M D M E M 53. The poh of a solution is Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution. A M B. 3.6 M C M D M E M 54. Which solution will have the lowest ph? A M HCN B M HNO 3 C M NaCl D M H 2 CO 3 E M NaOH 55. Which one of these responses is true with regard to a 0.1 M solution of a weak acid HA? A. [H + ] > [A ] B. ph = 1.0 C. [H + ] < [A ] D. ph > 1.0 E. [OH ] > [H + ] 11

12 56. Acid strength decreases in the series HI > HSO 4 > HF > HCN. Which of these anions is the weakest base? A. I B. 2 SO 4 C. F D. CN 57. Acid strength decreases in the series: strongest HSO 4 > HF > HCN. Which of these species is the weakest base? A. HF B. 2 SO 4 C. F D. CN 58. Acid strength increases in the series: HCN < HF < HSO 4. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. H 2 SO 4 B. 2 SO 4 C. F D. CN E. HSO Acid strength decreases in the series: HCl > HSO 4 > HCN. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. CN B. 2 SO 4 C. HCN D. Cl 60. Acid strength decreases in the series: HNO 3 > HF > CH 3 COOH. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. NO 3 B. CH 3 COO C. F D. CH 3 COOH 61. Which of these acids is the strongest? A. H 2 SeO 3 B. H 2 TeO 3 C. H 2 SO

13 62. Arrange the acids HOCl, HClO 3, and HClO 2 in order of increasing acid strength. A. HOCl < HClO 3 < HClO 2 B. HOCl < HClO 2 < HClO 3 C. HClO 2 < HOCl < HClO 3 D. HClO 3 < HOCl < HClO 2 E. HClO 3 < HClO 2 < HOCl 63. Arrange the acids HOBr, HBrO 3, and HBrO 2 in order of increasing acid strength. A. HOBr < HBrO 3 < HBrO 2 B. HOBr < HBrO 2 < HBrO 3 C. HBrO 2 < HOBr < HBrO 3 D. HBrO 3 < HOBr < HBrO 2 E. HBrO 3 < HBrO 2 < HOBr 64. Arrange the acids HBr, H 2 Se, and H 3 As in order of increasing acid strength. A. HBr < H 2 Se < H 3 As B. HBr < H 3 As < H 2 Se C. H 2 Se < H 3 As < HBr D. H 3 As< H 2 Se < HBr E. H 3 As< HBr < H 2 Se 65. Arrange the acids H 2 Se, H 2 Te, and H 2 S in order of increasing acid strength. A. H 2 S < H 2 Se < H 2 Te B. H 2 S < H 2 Te < H 2 Se C. H 2 Te < H 2 S < H 2 Se D. H 2 Se< H 2 S < H 2 Te E. H 2 Se< H 2 Te < H 2 S 66. When comparing acid strength of binary acids HX, as X varies within a particular group of the periodic table, which one of these factors dominates in affecting the acid strength? A. bond strength B. electron withdrawing effects C. percent ionic character of the HX bond D. solubility E. Le Châtelier's principle 67. Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH + 3 (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH + 3 (aq)+ CN (aq) 13

14 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH + 3 (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH 3 3NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 (aq) + CN (aq) Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH + 3 (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH 3 3NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 (aq) + CN (aq) Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH + 3 (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH 3 3NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 (aq) + CN (aq) Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 CO 3 + F HCO 3 + HF. K a1 ( H 2 CO 3 ) = ; K a (HF) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 72. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 3 PO 4 (aq) + HSO 4 (aq) H 2 PO 4 (aq) + H 2 SO 4 (aq). K a1 (H 3 PO 4 ) = ; K a (H 2 SO 4 ) = very large A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 14

15 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 73. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 SO 3 (aq) + HCO 3 (aq) HSO 3 (aq) + H 2 CO 3 (aq). K a1 (H 2 SO 3 ) = ; K a1 (H 2 CO 3 ) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 74. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction C 6 H 5 5COO + HF C 6 H 5 COOH + F. K a (C 6 H 5 COOH) = ; K a (HF) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 75. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 3 PO 4 + NO 3 H 2 PO 4 + HNO 3. K a (H 3 PO 4 ) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 76. Which of the following yields a basic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. P 4 O 10 C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. SO Which of the following yields an acidic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. LiOH C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. Ca(OH)

16 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 78. Hard water deposits (calcium carbonate) have built up around your bathroom sink. Which one of these substances would be most effective in dissolving the deposits? A. ammonia B. bleach (sodium hypochlorite) C. lye (sodium hydroxide) D. vinegar (acetic acid) 79. P 4 O 10 is classified as an acidic oxide because it A. reacts with acids to produce a salt. B. is insoluble in water. C. reacts with water to produce OH. D. gives a solution of phosphoric acid, H3PO 4, on dissolving in water. E. can act as a Lewis base by donating electron pairs. 80. In the reaction CaO(s) + SO 2 (g) CaSO 3 (s), A. O 2 acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. B. Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 4 acts as a Lewis acid. C. SO 4 acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. D. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and O 2 acts as a Lewis acid. E. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis acid. 81. Which of these species will act as a Lewis acid? A. NH 3 B. NH 4 C. H 2 O D. BF 3 E. F Which of these species is a Lewis acid, but not a Brønsted acid? A. HCN B. 2 CO 3 C. OH D. Cl E. Al Find the ph of a M aqueous solution of periodic acid (HIO 4 4), for whichh K a = A B C D E

17 84. Find the ph of a M aqueous solution of hypobromous acid (HOBr), for which K a = A B C D E Find the ph of a M aqueous solution of dichloroacetic acid, for which K a = A B C D E Hydrosulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, for which K a1 = and K a2 = Determine the concentration of sulfide ion in a 0.10 M hydrosulfuric solution. A M B M C M D M E M 87. Calculate the concentration of oxalate ion (C 2 O 4 2 ) in a M solution of oxalic acid (C 2 H 2 O 4 ). [For oxalic acid, K a1 = , K a2 = ] A M B M C M D M E M 88. Calculate the concentration of chromate ion (CrO 4 2 ) in a M solution of chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4 ). [For chromic acid, K a1 = 0.18, K a2 = ] A M B M C M D M E M 17

18 89. Calculate the concentration of malonate ion (C 3 H 2 O 4 2 ) in a M solution of malonic acid (C 3 H 4 O 4 ). [For malonic acid, K a1 = , K a2 = ] A M B M C M D M E M 90. For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of NaH 2 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 91. For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of Na 3 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 92. An aqueous solution of KCl would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 93. Which one of these salts will form a neutral solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KNO 2 C. NaCN D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl Which one of these salts will form a basic solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KCN C. NaNO 3 D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl

19 95. In 0.10 M KCN, the chemical species with the highest concentration (except H 2 O) is A. Na +. B. CN. C. H 3 O + (or H + ). D. OH. E. K What is the ph of a 0.20 M solution of NH 4 Cl? [K b (NH 3 ) = ] A B C D E Calculate the ph of a M NaCN solution. [K a (HCN) = ] A B C D E Consider the weak bases below and their K b values: Arrange the conjugate acids of these weak bases in order of increasing acid strength. A. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH B. C 6 H 7 OH < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH C. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 6 H 7 OH D. C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + E. C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH 99. Which response gives the products of hydrolysis of NH 4 Cl? A. NH HCl B. NH 3 + OH + HCl C. NH 3 + H + D. NH 4 OH + HCl E. No hydrolysis occurs. 19

20 100. Which response gives the products of hydrolysis of KF? A. KOH + HF B. OH + HF C. KOH + H + + F D. KH + F + OH E. No hydrolysis occurs Which one of these salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. NaNO 2 C. NH 4 NO 3 D. KBr E. AlCl Which one of these salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water? A. NaI B. NaF C. NH 4 NO 3 D. LiBr E. Cr(NO 3 ) Which one of these salts will form an acidic solution upon dissolving in water? A. LiBr B. NaF C. NH 4 Br D. KOH E. NaCN 104. Which one of the following salts will form an acidic solution on dissolving in water? A. LiBr B. NaF C. KOH D. FeCl 3 E. NaCN 20

21 105. What mass of ammonium chloride must be added to 250. ml of water to give a solution with ph = 4.85? [K b (NH 3 ) = ] A. 4.7 g B. 75 g C g D. 19 g E. 10. g 106. What mass of sodium nitrite must be added to 350. ml of water to give a solution with ph = 8.40? [K a (HNO 2 ) = ] A. 68 g B g C g D. 8.3 g E. 24 g 107. What mass of potassium hypochlorite must be added to 450. ml of water to give a solution with ph = 10.20? [K a (HClO) = ] A. 20. g B g C. 4.1 g D. 2.4 g E. 9.1 g 108. What is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 100. ml of M HCl with 300. ml of M HF? [K a (HF) = ] A B C D E What is the ph of a solution prepared by mixing 50.0 ml of M HCl with ml of M HIO 3? [K a (HIO 3 ) = ] A B C D E

22 110. The equilibrium constant for the reaction C 6 H 5 5COOH(aq) + CH 3 COOO (aq) C 6 H 5 COOO (aq) + CH 3 COOH(aq) is 3.6 at 25 C. If K a for CH 3 COOH is , what is the acid dissociation constant for C 6 H 5 COOH? A B C D E The equilibrium constant for the reaction C 7 H 1 15COOH(aq) + HCOO (aq) C 7 H 15 COO (aq) + HCOOH(aq) is at 25 C. If K a for formic acid (HCOOH) is , what is the acid dissociation constant for C 7 H 15 COOH? A B C D E For maleic acid, HOOCCH=CHCOOH, K a of maleatee ion ( OOCCH=CHCOO 1 = and K a2 = What is the concentration ) in a M aqueous solution of maleic acid? A M B M C M D M E M August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 113. Aspartic acid (C 4 H 7 NO 4 ), one of the 20 essential amino acids, has two ionizable hydrogens. At 25 C, K a1 = and K a2 = What is the concentration of doubly ionized aspartate ions in a M aqueous solution of aspartic acid? A M B M C M D M E M 22

23 114. What mass of sodium cyanide must be added to 250. ml of water at 25 C in order to obtain a solution having a ph of 10.50? (K a (HCN) = ) A. 200 g B g C g D. 1.1 g E g 115. What mass of sodium formate (HCOONa) must be added to 350. ml of water at 25 C in order to obtain a solution having a ph of 8.50? (K a (HCOOH) = ) A g B. 4.3 g C. 35 g D. 12 g E. 130 g 116. A tablet of a common overthecounter drug contains 200. mg of caffeine (C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2 ). What is the ph of the solution resulting from the dissolution of two of these tablets in 225. ml of water at 25 C? (For caffeine, K b = ) A B C D E Morphine, C 17 H 19 NO 3, is often used to control severe postoperative pain. What is the ph of the solution made by dissolving 25.0 mg of morphine in 100. ml of water at 25 C? (For morphine, K b = ) A B C D E Which of these lists of molecules is arranged in order of increasing acid strength? A. H 2 S < H 2 O < H 2 Se B. H 2 O < H 2 S < H 2 Se C. H 2 Se < H 2 O < H 2 S D. H 2 S < H 2 Se < H 2 O E. H 2 O < H 2 Se < H 2 S 23

24 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 119. Which of these lists of molecules is arranged in order of increasing acid strength: HI, H2Te, 2 H 3 Sb. A. H 2 Te < H 3 Sb < HI B. HI < H 2 Te < H 3 3Sb C. HI < H 3 Sb < H 2 2Te D. H 3 Sb < H 2 Te < HI E. H 3 Sb < HI < H 2 2Te 120. Identify the conjugate acidbase pairs in the reaction HSO 4 + HF H 2 SO 4 + F One conjugate acidbase pair is ; the other acidbase pair is Which of these acids is stronger, H 3 PO 4 or H 3 AsO 4? 122. Which of these acids is stronger, H 3 AsO 3 or H 3 AsO 4? 123. Which of these acids is stronger, H 2 SO 4 or HSO 4? 124. In comparing three solutions with ph's of 2.0, 4.8, and 5.2, which is most acidic? 24

25 125. Al(OH) 3 is an amphoteric hydroxide. Write a balanced ionic equation to show its reaction with HNO Al(OH) 3 is an amphoteric hydroxide. Write a balanced ionic equation to show its reaction with KOH Write the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid Write the chemical formula for nitric acid Write the chemical formula for sulfuric acid Write the chemical formula for phosphoric acid. 25

26 131. Write the chemical formula for perchloric acid Write the formula for the conjugate base of H 2 PO Calculate the ph of a solution containing 0.20 g of NaOH in 2,000. ml of solution Calculate the poh of a solution containing 0.25 g of HCl in 800. ml of solution Calculate the H + ion concentration in a solution with a ph of If the ph of stomach acid is 1.0, what is the hydroxide ion concentration in this solution? 26

27 137. If the ph of liquid bleach is 12.0, what is the hydroxide ion concentration in this solution? 138. If the ph of pure water is 7.0, what is the hydroxide ion concentration in pure water? 139. If the ph of tomato juice is 4.0, what is the hydroxide ion concentration in this solution? 140. If the ph of seawater is 8.0, what is the hydroxide ion concentration in seawater? 141. The ph of a sample of river water is 6.0. A sample of effluent from a food processing plant has a ph of 4.0. What is the ratio of hydronium ion concentration in the effluent to the ion concentration in the river? 142. What concentration of potassium hydroxide will result from the reaction of g of potassium with 100. ml of water? 27

28 143. What volume of hydrogen, at STP, will be formed by the reaction of g of potassium with 100. ml of water? 144. Lime is used in farming to reduce the acidity of the soil. The chemical name for lime is calcium oxide. When water in the soil reacts with lime, what base is formed? 145. The compound CH 3 NH 2 reacts with water to form CH 3 NH 3 + and OH. What role does CH 3 NH 2 play in this reaction? 146. HCN is classified as a weak acid in water. What does this classification mean? 147. A sample of rainwater has a ph of 3.5. The concentration of what ion is approximately M in this rain sample? 148. The ph of rain collected on a remote island in the Pacific is assumed to be unaffected by human pollution. The ph of the rainwater on this island will be. 28

29 149. An unknown substance was added to a solution and the ph decreases. What type of substance was added? 150. The ph of a 0.02 M solution of an unknown weak base is 8.1. What is the pk b of the unknown base? 151. A solution containing NH 3 (aq) and NH 4 Cl(aq) has a ph of 9.5. What is the [NH 3 ]/[NH 4 + ] ratio in this solution? (For ammonia, K b = ) 152. When mole of nicotinic acid (a monoprotic acid) is dissolved in 350. ml of water, the ph is What is the K a of nicotinic acid? 153. A 8.0 M solution of formic acid (HCOOH) is 0.47% ionized. What is the K a of formic acid? 154. The ph of a 0.6 M solution of a weak acid is 4.0. What percent of the acid has ionized? 29

30 August 28, 2009 [PROBLEM SET FROM R. CHANG TEST BANK] 155. A solution with a ph of 8 has a hydrogen ion concentration [H + ] that is 30 times greater than that of a solution of ph 11. True False 156. A solution of HNO 3 would change the color of litmus from red to blue. True False 157. In the reaction HNO 3 + NH 3 NH NO 3, NH + 4 and NH 3 are a conjugate acidbase pair. True False 158. Of the two acids HBr and H 2 Se, H 2 Se is the stronger acid. True False 159. In the reaction Ag + (aq) + Cl (aq) AgCl(s), Ag + acts as a Lewis acid. True False 160. In aqueous solutions at 25 C, the sum of the ion concentrations ([H + ] + [OH ]) equals True False 30

31 Chapter 15 Acids and Bases Key 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.E 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.E 21.E 22.A 23.E 24.A 25.E 26.C 27.A 28.E Page 31

32 29.D 30.C 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.E 40.B 41.B 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.D 47.E 48.D 49.B 50.B 51.B 52.C 53.D 54.B 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.A 60.B 61.C Page 32

33 62.B 63.B 64.D 65.A 66.A 67.B 68.A 69.D 70.C 71.B 72.B 73.A 74.A 75.B 76.C 77.A 78.D 79.D 80.A 81.D 82.E 83.D 84.A 85.E 86.D 87.B 88.A 89.E 90.C 91.B 92.A 93.A 94.B Page 33

34 95.E 96.B 97.E 98.E 99.C 100.B 101.B 102.B 103.C 104.D 105.A 106.D 107.C 108.D 109.D 110.B 111.E 112.A 113.D 114.C 115.B 116.E 117.A 118.B 119.D 120. HFF ; H 2 SO 4 HSO H 3 PO H 3 AsO H 2 SO The solution with ph = Al(OH) 3 + 3HNO 3 Al(NO 3 ) 3 + 3H 2 O 126.Al(OH) 3 + KOH K[Al(OH) 4 ] 127.HCl Page 34

35 128.HNO H 2 SO H 3 PO HClO HPO M M M M M M 141.The hydronium ion concentration in the effluent is 100 times greater than the hydronium ion concentration in the river M L 144.Ca(OH) CH 3 NH 2 acts as a base. 146.A relatively small fraction of the acid undergoes ionization. 147.H 3 O less than an acid % 155.FALSE 156.FALSE 157.TRUE 158.FALSE 159.TRUE Page 35

36 160.FALSE Page 36