Solar Thermal Power Plants Firm Capacity with 100% Renewables

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1 Solar Thermal Power Plants Firm Capacity with 100% Renewables CUEN 3rd Annual Energy Conference, 22 nd June 2009 Dr. Henner Gladen, Solar Millennium AG

2 Solar Resources History of Parabolic Trough Power Plants Andasol 1-3, Worldwide Largest Site for Solar Power Generation Kuraymat, Combined Cycle Power Plant with Parabolic Trough Solar Field Market Potential page 2

3 Solar Power is inexhaustible Each year over 1 billion terawatt hours of solar irradiation arrive on Earth. This corresponds to about 60,000 times of the world's current electricity demand. Thus, solar power has the biggest potential of all renewable energies. Resources page 3

4 and delivers the highest yield of energy per square kilometer of all renewable energies Biomass (1) in brackets: (typical yields in GWh/km²y) Geothermal (1) Wind (30) Hydro (30) Source: DLR Solar (250) Resources In MENA countries, each km² receives per year solar energy equivalent to 1.5 million barrels of oil. page 4

5 The highest potential for Solar Thermal Power Plants is located in the sun belt of the earth excellent good acceptable not acceptable Excellent conditions are available in the Southwest of the USA, South America, North Africa, South Africa, Middle East and Australia Resources page 5

6 Solar Resources History of Parabolic-Trough Power Plants Andasol 1-3, Worldwide Largest Site for Solar Power Generation Kuraymat, Combined Cycle Power Plant with Parabolic Trough Solar Field Market Potential page 6

7 History of Parabolic Trough Power Plants 1907: First patented in Stuttgart, Germany1912: 55 kw plant build in Egypt by Frank Shuman page 7

8 California in the 1980 s High oil prices triggered a boom for renewable energies. Solar thermal power plants provide firm capacity during times of peak demand. Construction of SEGS* I - IX 9 power plants with 354 MW 1.2 Bill. US$ investment 13 TWh power generation Revenues: more than 2.3 Bill. US$ * SEGS = Solar Electricity Generation System page 8

9 Parabolic-trough power plants utilize proven technology Solar irradiation is concentrated times on a receiver tube, which is situated in the focal line of a parabolictrough mirror; the heat is picked up by a thermo oil, flowing inside the tubes, and transferred to a conventional water/steam cycle with a steam turbine and generator set. Operation is possible in solar-only or hybrid mode (w/ natural gas co-firing) Power generation is possible on demand; thermal storage and natural gas co-firing allow power generation independent from actual solar irradiation page 9

10 Low CO 2 -emissions and short energy payback periods Greenhouse gas emissions (BMU 2002) Energy Payback Period Solartherm. power plants: app. 5 month Windmills: 4-7 month PV in middle europe: 2-5 years Uranium, natural gas, coal, oil: never CO 2 -Reduction of an Andasol-type power plant compared to a modern hard coal power plant: t CO2 /y page 10

11 Solar Resources History of Parabolic-Trough Power Plants Andasol 1-3, Worldwide Largest Site for Solar Power Generation Kuraymat, Combined Cycle Power Plant with Parabolic Trough Solar Field Market Potential page 11

12 Andasol Parabolic Trough Power Plants Andasol 1 Start of work: June 06; Start of operation: 2008 Andasol 2 Andasol 3 Andasol 2 Start of work: February 07; Start of operation: 2009 Andasol 1 Andasol 3 Start of work: Summer 2008; Start of operation: 2011 page 12

13 Characteristic data of Andasol 1-3 Per power plant: m 2 collector area (= 70 soccer fields) Thermal storage for 7.5 baseload hours almost doubles power generation of each plant about 180 GWh (gross) per year Electricity for up to 200,000 people with 50 MW steam turbine to/y CO 2 -reduction compared to a modern hard coal power plant about 300 Mio. Euro investment page 13

14 View on Parabolic Trough Power Plant Andasol 1 page 14

15 Process diagram of a Parabolic Trough Power Plant with molten salt heat storage and natural gas co-firing Boiler Frischdampf: 100 bar/ 380 C Fuel Solarfield w/ HTF Storage HX Conventional water-steam cycle page 15

16 Blue Tower technology for biomass gasification for utilization of regenerative feedstock to generate electricity and hydrogen enables 24 hour operation of solarthermal power plants in hybrid mode Demonstration project in Herten/Germany to prove marketability with financial volume of 24.6 million, subsidized by Land North Rhine- Westphalia with 7.1 million Capacity: ca. 13 MW th / 5 MW el Laying of foundation stone on March 5 th, 2009 Start of commissioning at the end of 2009 Great potential worldwide page 16

17 Andasol - design data of molten salt thermal storage Type: 2-Tank Molten Salt Storage Storage Fluid: Nitrate salt mixture (60% NaNO 3 and 40% KNO 3 ) Melting Point of Fluid: 223 C Storage Capacity: 1010 MWh (~7.5 hrs full load operation) Storage Tank Size: 14 m height 37 m diameter Salt Mass: tons Flow Rate: 953 kg/s Cold Tank Temp: 292 C Hot Tank Temp: 386 C 292 C 386 C 14 m Ø 38,5 m page 17

18 Integration of a Blue Tower into a Parabolic Trough Power Plant Solar Field Heat Storage Blue Tower Power Block The Blue Tower provides additional heat to drive the water/steam cycle in times without solar heat input. page 18

19 Solar thermal power plants generate firm capacity during times of system peak load Spain: Power consumption and wind generation on a summer day Power generation of windturbines mainly during night times Distinct peak load during daytime (Δ ~ MW) page 19

20 Andasol Parabolic Trough Power Plants, Operation with 7.5h thermal storage Direktstrahlung [W/m²] direct normal insolation Loading of storage > 20 hours direct normal insolation from solar field to storage from storage to turbine net electric dumped Unloading of storage Leistung [MW] 100 Power Generation Tageszeit [h] 0 page 20

21 Solar Resources History of Parabolic-Trough Power Plants Andasol 1-3, Worldwide Largest Site for Solar Power Generation Kuraymat, Combined Cycle Power Plant with Parabolic Trough Solar Field Market Potential page 21

22 Kuraymat (Egypt) combination of a combined cycle power plant with a parabolic trough solar field Cairo Kuraymat 95 km south of Cairo page 22

23 Principle project data at a glance Type: Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) Site: Kuraymat, approx. 95 km south of Cairo Yearly insolation (DNI): approx kwh/m²y Solar field Collector area (mirrors): m² Collectors: 160 SKAL-ET-150 in 40 Loops Thermal Power: 61 MW th Combined cycle power plant Gas turbines: 2x 40 MW e Steam turbine: 1x 70 MW e page 23

24 Reduction of CO 2 -Emissions by combination of a combined cycle power plant with a solar field 393 C Stack Exhaust 100 C Steam 540 C, 100bar Solar HX HRSG Steam turbine G Cooling Tower Air and vapour Condenser ~ Air Air Parabolic Trough Field 293 C 600 C Solar field with HTF Gas turbine(s) G ~ Electricity to the grid Conventional combined cycle power plant page 24

25 Kuraymat satellite view of the construction site Combined cycle Solar field Boundary page 25

26 Indoor high-precision assembly of collector elements page 26

27 Erection of collector supports page 27

28 Installation of collectors in the solar field page 28

29 Solar Resources History of Parabolic-Trough Power Plants Andasol 1-3, Worldwide Largest Site for Solar Power Generation Kuraymat, Combined Cycle Power Plant with Parabolic Trough Solar Field Market Potential page 29

30 In Spain, the feed-in tariff for renewable energies initiated planning of more than 2150 MW of solar thermal power plants Market Potential & Development page 30

31 Huge potential for market growth Power of solar-thermal plants / MW Parabolic trough power plants (e.g. Andasol) At the end of 2008, Bank Sarasin has increased its forecasts for 2020 from 16.5 GW accumulated power to 32.0 GW despite the global economic crisis! 400 power plants 100 power plants Market Potential & Development Studies Sarasin 2008 Sarasin 2007 Greenpeace/EREC 2007 DoE IEA min. IEA max. page 31

32 High-voltage-direct-currency (HVDC) transmission lines are necessary for the secure energy supply of Europe Sites of solar thermal power plants Sites of other renewable energy power plants Market Potential & Development page 32

33 World largest HVDC line under construction in China: Remote hydropower Xiangjiaba - Shanghai Xiangjiaba Shanghai Main data Commissioning year: Pole 1: 2010 Bipole: 2011 Power rating: MW No. of poles: 2 DC voltage: ±800 kv Length of overhead DC line: km Losses: < 7% Main reason for choosing HVDC: Long distance Source: Market Potential & Development page 33

34 Solar Millennium meets the challenges of future power supply Continuous development of existing and new technologies Cost reduction and increased efficiency (e.g. direct steam generation) Extension of location possibilities (e.g. by using dry cooling) Electricity production around the clock (e.g. solar / biogas hybrid operation) Widening the possible field of application (e.g. desalination of sea water) Market Potential & Development page 34

35 Welcome to the Solar Millennium! page 35

36 Kontakt Kontakt Person: Dipl.-Ing. Sven Moormann (Head of Corporate Communications) Addresse: Solar Millennium AG Nägelsbachstr Erlangen Germany Tel.: / Fax.: / Disclaimer: The present presentation does not constitute a legally binding offer of participation or for the purchase of shares in the company. It is not to be viewed by the recipient as constituting the subject matter of a contract or as a contractual basis for investment. Only inquiries and assessments carried out by the recipient on his/her own account can form a basis for investment in the company. The presentation has been compiled solely on the basis of the company s business model and range of services, as well as on market and competitive environment research based on sources available publicly. No guarantee or warranty is provided for the accuracy, precision and completeness or for the interpretation of the data and the commentary, nor is any other form of liability for the content of this presentation acknowledged. Budgeting is based on management assumptions and projections and reflects the market development and market opportunity perspectives at the time of compilation. The nature of the dynamic market environment is such that it is subject to constant changes and can therefore influence this budgeting content. No guarantee is provided for the budgeting feasibility. page 36