11.4 SOLIDS 11.5 LIQUIDS 11.6 GASES. cohesive forces. not strong enough to prevent random movement Definite-strong. Particles closely packed
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1 Microscopic Properties of the Phases of Matter PROPERTY 11.4 SOLIDS 11.5 LIQUIDS 11.6 GASES 1. SHAPE Definite strong cohesive 2. VOLUME Definite-strong cohesive 3. Density closely packed 4. Compressibility 5. Thermal expansion (thermometers) closely packed Increased KE causes slight increase in space between particles Indefinitecohesive not strong enough to prevent random movement Definite-strong cohesive closely packed closely packed Increased KE causes slight increase in space between particles Indefinitecohesive weak Indefinitecohesive weak widely separated widely separated widely separated and have high KE and move further apart when
2 Phase Changes Worksheet Name Kinetic Theory of Matter: Molecules are always moving. This is known as the kinetic theory of matter. We measure this kinetic energy with a thermometer as temperature. The greater the material's internal energy, the higher the temperature of that material. Heat is the energy flow between objects of different temperature. Heat and temperature are NOT the same. Brownian motion describes how visible particles are seen moving due to invisible molecules bumping into them. Phases of Matter: Solid matter that has definite volume and shape. The molecules are packed together tightly and move slowly. Liquid matter that has definite volume but not shape. Since the molecules of a are loosely packed and move with greater speed, a can flow and spread. Gas matter that has no definite volume or shape. Molecules of a gas are so loosely arranged and move so rapidly that they will fill their container. Phase Change Descriptions: Melting the change from to. Freezing the change from to. Vaporization the change from to gas. Eation ization from the surface of a. Boiling ization from within as well as from the surface of a. Condensation the change from gas to. Sublimation the change from to gas. Deposition the change from gas to. Endothermic heat added or heat absorbed or heat into a substance. Exothermic heat removed or heat lost or heat out of a substance.
3 freezing SOLID LIQUID GAS melting or fusion CHANGES OF STATE sublimation deposition condensation eation CHANGES OF STATE freezing melting or fusion condensation eation PHYSICAL PROPERTY melting point or freezing point boiling point deposition sublimation point sublimation
4 ENERGY CHANGES IN CHANGES OF STATE SOLID LIQUID GAS Add heat= Remove heat= CHANGES OF STATE enodthermic PHYSICAL PROPERTY melting point freezing point boiling point sublimation point
5 Fill in the phase changes in the blank provided.
6 Phase Change Worksheet The graph was drawn from data collected as a substance was heated at a constant rate. Use the graph to answer the following questions. At point A, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a state. Material in this phase has volume and shape. With each passing minute, is added to the substance. This causes the molecules of the substance to more rapidly which we detect by a rise in the substance. At point B, the temperature of the substance is C. The begins to. At point C, the substance is completely or in a state. Material in this phase has volume and shape. The energy put to the substance between minutes 5 and 9 was used to convert the substance from a to a. This heat energy is called the latent heat of fusion. Between 9 and 13 minutes, the added energy increases the of the substance. During the time from point D to point E, the is. By point E, the substance is completely in the phase. Material in this phase has volume and shape. The energy put to the substance between minutes 13 and 18 converted the substance from a to a state. This heat energy is called the latent heat of ization. Beyond point E, the substance is still in the phase, but the molecules are moving as indicated by the increasing temperature. Which of these three substances was likely used in this phase change experiment? Substance Melting point Boiling point Bolognium 20 C 100 C Unobtainium 40 C 140 C Foosium 70 C 140 C BONUS: For water, the value for the latent heat of ization is 6.8 times greater than the latent heat of fusion. Imagine we were adding heat at a constant rate to a block of ice in a beaker on a hot plate, and it took 4 minutes for the ice to melt completely. How long would it take, after the water started boiling, for the beaker to be completely empty (the water totally converted to water )?
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